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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    (±)-18-Methoxycoronaridine: A Novel Iboga Alkaloid Congener Having Potential Anti-Addictive Efficacy (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    CNS drug reviews 5 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1527-3458
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-3458.1999.tb00084.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrasynaptosomal Free Mg2+ Concentration Measured with the Fluorescent Indicator Mag-Fura-2: Modulation by Na+ Gradient and by Extrasynaptosomal ATP (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 65 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Synaptosomes can be loaded with mag-fura-2 without significant perturbation of their ATP content by incubation for 10 min at 37°C with 10 µM mag-fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester in Hanks'-HEPES buffer (pH 7.45). The intrasynaptosomal free Mg2+ concentration ([Mg2+]i) was found to be dependent on external Mg2+ concentration, increasing from 0.8 to 1.25 mM when the concentration of Mg2+ in the incubation medium increased from 1 to 8 mM. Dissipation of the Na+ gradient across the plasma membrane of synaptosomes by treatment with the Na+ ionophore monensin (0.2 mM) or with veratridine (0.2 mM) and ouabain (0.6 mM) produced a moderate increase of [Mg2+]i, from 1.0 to 1.2–1.3 mM in an incubation medium containing 5 mM Mg2+. Plasma membrane depolarization by incubation of synaptosomes in a medium containing 68 mM KCl and 68 mM NaCl had no effect on [Mg2+]i. Reversal of the Na+ gradient by incubation of synaptosomes in a medium in which external Na+ was replaced by choline increased [Mg2+]i up to 1.6 and 2.2 mM for extrasynaptosomal Mg2+ concentrations of 1 and 8 mM, respectively. We conclude that a Na+/Mg2+ exchange operates in the plasma membrane of synaptosomes. In the presence of Mg2+ in the incubation medium, extrasynaptosomal ATP, but not ADP or adenosine, increased [Mg2+]i from 1.1 ± 0.1 up to 1.6 ± 0.1 mM. The nonhydrolyzable ATP analogue adenosine 5′-(βγ-imido)triphosphate antagonized the effect of ATP, but had no effect by itself on [Mg2+]i. It is concluded that Mg2+ transport across the plasma membrane of synaptosomes is modulated by the activity of an ecto-ATPase or an ecto-protein kinase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65062757.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ovarian cancers related to minimal access surgery (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 102 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To review the clinical features of women with ovarian cancer on whom minimal access surgery has been performed and to determine guidelines for the safe use of minimal access surgery for adnexal masses.Design Postal survey of members of the British Gynaecological Cancer Society (BGCS) and retrospective case review.Results BGCS consultants used ultrasound scanning (70%) and serum CA-125 estimations (53%) prior to adnexal mass surgery. The membership felt that adnexal masses with solid elements, diameter greater than 8 cm, multi-ocular or bilateral cysts or increased blood flow on Doppler scanning should not be operated on by minimal access surgery. A positive family history was also considered to be a contraindication. A total of 29 cases of ovarian cancer were identified on whom MAS had been performed. The incidence of cases was 4.1% of referrals to a tertiary referral centre (the Royal Marsden Hospital). The median age of patients was 37 years (range 20 to 68 years) and 13 had Stage I cancers. The mean delay between diagnosis and staging was 6.5 weeks.Conclusion Guidelines on the use of minimal access surgery in the management of adnexal masses need to be agreed. Women who have an ovarian cancer diagnosed whilst having minimal access surgery should have an accepted staging procedure. We do not recommend the routine use of minimal access surgery for the treatment of ovarian cancer outside a trial.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1995.tb11431.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Cys2/His2 Zinc Finger Gene, rKr2, Is Expressed in Differentiated Rat Oligodendrocytes and Encodes a Protein with a Functional Repressor Domain (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 65 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The function of the vertebrate nervous system is dependent on the proper myelination of its fiber tracts. Myelin of the CNS is produced by oligodendrocytes. To identify gene regulatory proteins expressed in this particular glial cell type, we isolated cDNAs coding for Cys2/His2 zinc finger proteins from a rat oligodendrocyte cDNA library. One clone, named rKr2 (rKr for rat Krüppel-type protein), encodes a protein with 19 carboxy-terminal zinc finger domains and an amino-terminal Krüppel-associated box domain. This amino-terminal domain of the rKr2 protein behaved as a strong transcriptional repressor module when fused to the DNA binding domain of yeast GAL4 and tested on an appropriate reporter construct. High levels of rKr2 mRNA in adult rat tissues were found only in the CNS and testis; in the CNS, the message was predominantly expressed in differentiated oligodendrocytes. The modular structure of the rKr2 protein (carboxy-terminal DNA binding domain, amino-terminal repressor module) and its expression pattern suggest that it acts as a sequence-specific transcriptional repressor in the myelin-producing glial cells of the CNS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65051955.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental Expression Pattern of the Myelin ProteolipiMAL Indicates Different Functions of MAL for Immature Schwann Cells and in a Late Step of CNS Myelinogenesis (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of neurochemistry 73 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract : The myelin and lymphocyte protein MAL is a small proteolipid of 17 kDa and is expressed by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. We have characterized the embryonic and postnatal expression of MAL in the rat nervous system by in situ hybridization, immunocytochemistry, and western blotting and compared it with that of other myelin constituents. In the CNS, MAL is expressed during late steps of myelination : MAL protein appears ~3-5 days later than myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein. In contrast, in the PNS, MAL transcript and protein expression is detected prior to the onset of myelination, as early as embryonic day 17. Our results demonstrate that MAL is differentially expressed in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, likely reflecting different functions of the MAL proteolipid : (1) The late expression of MAL protein in the CNS points to a role in the final steps of myelin sheath formation, such as stabilization of the compacted myelin membranes. (2) The early expression of MAL protein in immature Schwann cells suggests an important role of MAL in the terminal differentiation step of the Schwann cell lineage and in the onset of peripheral myelination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730587.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosomal Localization of the Myelin-Associated Oligodendrocytic Basic Protein and Expression in the Genetically Linked Neurological Mouse Mutants Ducky and Tippy (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 69 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The alternatively spliced cDNAs encoding the myelin-associated/oligodendrocytic basic proteins (MOBPs) have recently been identified in rat. The Mobp gene maps to the distal part of mouse chromosome 9 at a region syntenic with the human chromosome 3p22-p21.3. Two nonallelic mouse mutants, tippy and ducky, with severe neurological phenotypes map to the vicinity of the Mobp locus. We therefore tested whether MOBP malfunction could explain the tippy and ducky defects. In tippy mutant animals, MOBP expression and that of other myelin markers were indistinguishable from wild type. The ultrastructure of tippy myelin was shown to be normal. Ducky animals showed a slight reduction of the brain size, most evident in the spinal cord, but normal progress of myelination. Both MOBP and myelin basic protein expression were lowered only regionally in the CNS, but were mostly normal in the anterior parts of the brain. Ultrastructurally, ducky myelin appeared normal. MOBP transcript sizes and the molecular weights of the encoded proteins were shown to be normal in both mutants. Finally, the nucleotide sequence of the abundant MOBP-81 cDNA was determined and compared with tippy and ducky MOBP-81. Wild-type mouse MOBP-81 protein was 99% identical to the rat homologue, and tippy and ducky MOBP-81 were identical to the wild-type sequence. Our results suggest that alterations in the Mobp gene are not the cause for the severe neurological phenotypes of ducky and tippy mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69051801.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variable-Temperature Spectroelectrochemical Study of Horseradish Peroxidase (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 34 (1995), S. 2866-2871 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00009a017
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in serotonergic neurotransmission between rats displaying high or low anxiety/depression-like behaviour: effects of chronic paroxetine treatment (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 92 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Disturbances in serotonergic neurotransmission have been suggested to be closely interlinked with hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system, and are likely to be involved in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders and major depression. We therefore investigated markers of serotonergic transmission and their modulation by chronic paroxetine in rats selectively bred for high (HAB) or low (LAB) anxiety-related behaviour, both under basal conditions and in response to emotional stress. Hippocampal serotonin 1 A (5-HT1A) receptor mRNA expression was reduced in HAB rats, whereas 5-HT concentrations in hippocampal microdialysates did not differ between HAB and LAB rats under basal conditions. In the hippocampus, overall expression of serotonin transporter binding sites was increased in HAB compared with LAB rats. Exposure to emotional stress failed to increase intrahippocampal 5-HT release in HAB rats whereas LAB rats displayed a physiological, albeit small rise. Chronic paroxetine treatment markedly increased the stress-induced rise in hippocampal 5-HT in HAB, but not LAB rats. This effect may be (at least in part) related to a greater down-regulation of hippocampal serotonin transporter binding sites by paroxetine in HABs compared with LABs, while 5-HT1A receptor expression remained unaffected in this brain area. The findings indicate reduced hippocampal serotonergic transmission in HAB rats as compared with LAB rats, which is evident both at the presynaptic (5-HT release) and the postsynaptic (5-HT1A receptor) level. Chronic paroxetine enhanced the presynaptic responsivity in HAB rats, but not LAB rats, pointing to a preferential efficacy of paroxetine in rats with enhanced anxiety/depression-related behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02953.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seeing the Complexities: A Comment on “Combined Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy for Mood and Anxiety Disorders in Adults: Review and Analysis” (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical psychology 12 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2850
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: In their comprehensive review of the literature on combined treatments for mood and anxiety disorders in adults, Otto, Smits, and Reese (this issue) suggested that the data do not support the use of combined approaches as the default treatment for these conditions. They advocated a nuanced view of the existing findings and emphasized that much is yet to be discovered about whether and how best to combine psychosocial and pharmacological interventions. An empirical update from several recently completed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining combined treatment is provided here, and points of convergence and divergence between these findings and the broader literature are considered. Additionally, this commentary supplements their discussion by (a) supporting their strong emphasis on interdisciplinary research and creativity in conceptualizing and designing combined treatments, (b) emphasizing the importance of studying predictors of treatment response in adequately powered trials to better clarify which subgroups require the additional expenditure of resources associated with combined treatment, and (c) encouraging the development and empirical evaluation of combined treatments for children and adolescents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bpi010
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microphotoluminescence mapping of packaging-induced stress distribution in high-power AlGaAs laser diodes (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 2521-2523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Spatially resolved photoluminescence line scans were performed to determine the local stresses in AlGaAs laser diodes designed for high-power operation at 808 nm. In this approach, the sign and magnitude of the local stress are deduced from the spectral shift of the peak associated with band-to-band transitions in the n-type GaAs substrate. The sensitivity of the technique (minimal equivalent hydrostatic stress that can be detected) can reach 10 MPa or better. Correlations between solder-induced stress distribution in the devices and estimated lifetimes are demonstrated. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125064
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