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  • 2005-2009  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 558-559 (Oct. 2007), p. 1443-1447 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: It is known that well developed 〈111〉//ND texture increases Lankford value (r-value) ofnot only bcc metals but also fcc metals and alloys. However, 〈111〉//ND texture cannot be formedin fcc metals by conventional rolling and annealing processes. The 〈111〉//ND orientation is one ofthe major components of shear texture. Accordingly, this orientation develops in aluminum sheetwhen shear deformation is introduced.Al-Mg-Si alloy 6016 sheet was processed by two-pass differential speed rolling at roomtemperature under a high friction conditions. The rolling direction of the second pass was soselected that the direction of shear deformation introduced in the second pass was either similar(unidirectional shear rolling) to or opposite (reverse shear rolling) to that in the first pass. The rollspeed ratio was 2.0. Large shear strain was successfully introduced through the thickness uniformlyby the differential speed rolling. The shear texture with major components of {001}〈110〉 and{111}〈110〉 were developed throughout the thickness. Though large reduction in thickness of 75%was applied to the sheets by the rolling, conventional rolling texture such as {112}〈111〉 or{123}〈643〉 orientation was not detected in any part of the thickness. By solution treatment afterthe rolling, intensity of shear texture weakened and grain size decreased. It has been found thatr-value is improved by the differential speed rolling subsequently followed by solution treatment
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is an allergic reaction characteristically induced by intense exercise combined with the ingestion of causative food. Recent reports have shown that aspirin intake is a contributing factor in some patients with FDEIA. Wheat is known to be the most frequent causative food, and the IgE-binding epitopes of a major wheat allergen (ω-5 gliadin) in wheat-dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) have already been clarified. However, the mechanism of eliciting the symptom in WDEIA remains not fully understood.Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of serum gliadin levels and allergic symptoms induced by exercise or aspirin in patients with WDEIA.Methods Six patients with a history of recurrent anaphylaxis associated with wheat ingestion were diagnosed as having WDEIA by the provocation test, which included wheat ingestion, exercise, aspirin intake and a combination of these challenges. During the tests, serum levels of gliadins were monitored by gliadin-specific sandwich ELISA. The effects of exercise and aspirin on serum gliadin levels were also investigated in four healthy subjects.Results Immunoreactive gliadins appeared in the sera of patients during the provocation test with both wheat-exercise and wheat-aspirin challenges in parallel with allergic symptoms. Serum gliadin levels also increased under the two same challenge conditions in the healthy subjects, although they exhibited no allergic symptoms. However, low levels of gliadin were detected in the sera of both patients and healthy subjects when challenged with wheat alone.Conclusion We demonstrated for the first time that blood gliadin levels correlate with clinical symptoms induced by exercise and aspirin in patients with WDEIA. These findings suggest that exercise and aspirin facilitate allergen absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of periodontal research 40 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Loss of occlusal function has been reported to induce atrophic changes in the periodontal ligament. It is likely that mechanical stress triggers the biological response of periodontal ligament. However, there have been few reports studying the correlation between mechanical stress of varying magnitude and periodontal ligament cell activities such as extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis.Objective:  The objective of this study is to clarify the influence of the mechanical stress on changes in mRNA expression levels of type I collagen and decorin genes, as well as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in response to mechanical stress of varying magnitude.Methods:  Bovine periodontal ligament cells were cultured on flexible-bottomed culture plates and placed on the BioFlex Loading Stations™. Cells were elongated at 6 cycles/min (5 s on and 5 s off) at each of six levels of stretch (0.2, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 10, 18% increase in the surface area of the bottom) for 48 h. We measured mRNA expression levels of type I collagen and decorin genes using quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR), and ALP activity in periodontal ligament cell culture under cyclic mechanical stretching.Results:  Mechanical tensional stress of low magnitude induced the increase of both type I collagen and decorin mRNA expression without changing ALP activity in periodontal ligament cells. Mechanical tensional stress of high magnitude induced the increase of type I collagen and decorin mRNA expression while decreasing ALP activity.Conclusion:  These results suggest that different magnitude of tensional force induces different responses from periodontal ligament cells, and that mechanical stress plays an important role in remodeling and functional regulation of periodontal ligament.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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