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  • 1
    Keywords: Aesthetics, Psychological aspects. ; Theater, Psychological aspects.
    ISBN: 1-8415-0925-6
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 22 (Aug. 2007), p. 67-75 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Novel manufacturing technologies for high-strength structure components of aluminiumallow a local modification of material properties to respond to operational demands. Machining andfinishing processes for changing material properties like deep rolling or rubbing are to be combinedto a single process step. Intention is the controlled modification of the component’s properties bymanipulation of its subsurface. For that purpose the essential understanding of interactionmechanisms of the basic processes turning, deep rolling and rubbing is necessary. Influences of toolgeometry as well as process parameters on material properties are investigated. The results are to beextended by parameter studies, done by numerical simulation. Combined processes like “turnrolling”or “turn-rub-rolling” will be developed
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 41-42 (Apr. 2008), p. 207-214 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Fracture under compression is one of the most commonly studied properties of geomaterialslike concrete and rock, in particular since these materials reach their best performance incompression. The fracture process is however rather complex due to the heterogeneous structures ofsaid materials. Over the years fundemental studies of fracture under compression have led to amuch improved insight in the details of the fracture process depending on the actual composition ofthe material. Fracture can be described by means of a 4-stage fracture model, which included asmost important aspects pre-peak cracking, which is stable and can be arrested by stiffer and strongerelements in the material structure, and post-peak cracking [1]. The latter macroscopic cracks arebasically un-stable and can only be arrested by measures at a structural scale, such as applyingconfining stress or by using positive geometries. The material structure cannot assist in the arrest ofthe large energetic cracks other than locally affecting the crack path. In the paper an overview isgiven of the fracture process in compression. Recently we embarked on studying compressivefracture using a simpler material structure, namely foamed hardened cement paste [2]. Stiffaggregates that are normally included in normal concrete have been left-out; instead a larger thanusual quantity of large pores is brought into the material, even up to 80%. Studying fractureprocesses in this simpler material system ultimately allows for a better understanding of the detailsof the pre-peak cracking process, which is considered more important than the post-peak processsince it defines strength
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 6-8 (May 2005), p. 417-424 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: By cyclic torsion tests on thin walled tubular specimens the influence of a resulting strain increment per cycle on the plastic flow behaviour of Al99,5 and normalised QT-steel 42CrMo4 has been investigated. Thereby large shear amplitudes were chosen and the amount of forward and backward shear was varied. In both materials with increasing portion of backward shear a transition from cyclic hardening to cyclic softening was observed. It has been demonstrated that a certain ratio of forward and backward shear can cause a rise of the forming limit, which can exceed by far the value for monotonic deformation. The mechanical behaviour under cyclic incremental deformation is associated with certain substructure evolution. In dependency on deformation parameters especially the formation of dislocation cells and subgrains has been observed
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 6-8 (May 2005), p. 81-92 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Light weight construction is a construction philosophy which aims at maximum weightreduction. Reasons for light weight construction can be very diverse. One main cause can be to improve fuel efficiency. This can be achieved by use of load optimised sheet thicknesses. Another reason can be the increasing demands on crash performances by optimisation of local properties. This paper presents two production processes of flexibly rolled blanks, one with longitudinal and the other one with latitudinal thickness transitions. Both of them have been developed at theInstitute of Metal Forming (IBF) and yet found their way into series production. The potential of these processes is already proved by a large range of products, especially in automotive industries. Some special deep drawing tests with flexibly rolled blanks have been conducted and their results are presented. Also process simulation has been carried out at the IBF and will be explained. One possibility with regard to optimise these products is shortly introduced. Completing this paper an outlook is given
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 584-586 (June 2008), p. 685-690 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effect of equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) on mechanical properties of anAA2017 produced by powder metallurgy is investigated. Special attention is given to the influenceof heat treatment, processing temperature and backpressure on the workability for achieving highstrength and moderate ductility. This is of special interest, since it is often reported that Al-Cualloys have low ductility and therefore are prone to cracking during severe plastic deformation. It isshown that ECAE at high temperatures (〉220°C) does not necessitate backpressure to ensurehomogeneous deformation but leads to a significant sacrifice in strength due to in-situ precipitation.Thus, most of the extrusions are done at considerably low temperatures. Performing roomtemperature-extrusion is most effective in achieving high strengths but also requires highbackpressures. Due to severe strain hardening during processing, the strength increase is combinedwith a reduction in ductility. Recently it was reported that a post-ECAE aging of pre-ECAE solutiontreated material is effective in enhancing the ductility of aluminium alloys. This approach wassuccessfully transferred to the current alloy. A high-temperature, short-time aging after only oneextrusion, for example, doubles the failure strain to a value of ~13%. Compared to the naturallyaged condition with coarse grains that serves as reference (T4), an increase of 15 % in yield stress(YS) was obtained while retaining the ultimate tensile stress (UTS). Another effective approach isthe combination of a pre-ECAE solution treatment with subsequent under-aging prior to ECAE. It isshown that performing ECAE at medium temperatures (160-180°C) enables a better workability andadditionally gives higher strengths and better ductility compared to the processing in the waterquenched condition. A remarkable YS of 530 MPa and an UTS of 580 MPa combined with amoderate failure strain of 11.6 % were achieved
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Carrier transport properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures have been analyzed with thequantitative mobility spectrum analysis (QMSA) technique. The nominally-undopedAl0.15Ga0.85N/GaN sample was grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. Variable-magneticfieldHall measurements were carried out in the temperature range of 4-160 K and magnetic fieldrange of 0-6.6 T. QMSA was applied to the experimental variable-field data to extract theconcentrations and mobilities associated with the high-mobility 2DEG and the relatively lowmobilitybulk electrons for the temperature range investigated. For temperatures below 100 K thecalculated mobility and carrier density values were close to the experimental results. No bulkconduction was observed in this temperature range. At 160 K, QMSA results show that parallelconduction in 3 mm thick GaN layer started to affect the average electron mobility
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 584-586 (June 2008), p. 815-820 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Crack growth in AA6060 after two and eight equal-channel angular extrusions (ECAE),showing a bimodal microstructure and a homogenous ultrafine-grained microstructure, respectively,are compared to the coarse grained counterpart. Furthermore, an optimized condition, obtained bycombining one ECA-extrusion and a subsequent short aging treatment is included. Fatigue crackgrowth behaviour in the near-threshold regime and the region of stable crack growth is investigatedand related to microstructural features such as grain size, grain size distribution, grain boundarycharacteristics and ductility. Micrographs of crack propagation surfaces reveal information on crackpropagation features such as crack path deflection and give an insight to the underlyingmicrostructure. Instrumented Charpy impact tests are performed to investigate crack initiation andpropagation under impact conditions. Due to the recovery of ductility during the post-ECAE heattreatment, the optimized condition shows improved fatigue crack properties and higher energyconsumption in Charpy impact tests, when compared to the as-processed conditions without heattreatment
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Softening kinetics of two 17% chromium (Cr) stainless steel grades that differ in niobium(Nb) content are compared. In the experiments, we observed that a low Nb stabilization makesrecrystallization nucleation much faster and prevents incomplete recrystallization. A qualitativeinterpretation, based on interaction with precipitates, is proposed and explains the main features ofthe softening kinetics as well as the microstructures obtained. For the Nb stabilized grade, magneticlosses were measured in the deformed state and after recrystallization. Above a specificmagnetizing frequency, the deformed state led to smaller losses than the recrystallized state. Theseresults are believed to be attributed to a grain size effect
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 584-586 (June 2008), p. 405-410 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A tungsten heavy alloy (92%W, Ni-Co matrix) is subjected to severe plastic deformation(SPD) by high pressure torsion (HPT) at room temperature up to equivalent strains of 0.7, 5.3, 10.7and 14.3. The microstructure and the mechanical properties are investigated by cylindricalcompression samples at quasi-static and dynamic loading. The harder spherical W particles arehomogeneously deformed within the softer matrix, becoming ellipsoidal at medium strains andbanded at high strains without shear localization or fracture. Results of quasi-static loading showthat the strength is approaching a limiting value at strains of ~10. At this strain for the matrix a grainsize of ~80 nm and for W a cell size of ~250 nm was observed, suggesting strain concentration onthe matrix. The initial yield stress of 945 MPa for the coarse-grained condition is increased therebyto an ultimate value of 3500 MPa, while a peak stress of ~3600 MPa is reached. Such remarkablystrength has never been reported before for pure W or W-based composites. The strain hardeningcapacity as well as the strain rate sensitivity is reduced drastically, promoting the early formation of(adiabatic) shear bands
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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