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  • 2005-2009  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 153 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Although it has been recognized that photoageing and chronological ageing differ in various morphological and biological aspects, the characteristic alterations of cutaneous neurogenic factors in photoaged skin are poorly characterized.Objectives  To characterize cutaneous neurogenic factors, including innervation, neuropeptides, nerve growth factor and interactions of mast cells, in photoaged skin.Subjects and methods  Paired biopsy specimens were obtained from sun-exposed volar forearm skin and from sun-protected dorsal upper arm skin of 20 elderly subjects. Various cutaneous neurogenic factors, including innervation, neuropeptides, neurokinin receptor, nerve growth factor, neurogenic inflammation and morphology of mast cells, were compared in sun-exposed vs. sun-protected skin quantitatively and qualitatively.Results  Cutaneous neurogenic factors associated with photoageing were characterized by a significant increase in the densities of dermal and intraepidermal nerve fibres, a correlation between epidermal innervation and the severity of photodamage, increases in the number of neuropeptidergic sensory nerve fibres in the dermis and in tissue levels of sensory neuropeptides, increases in the content of nerve growth factor, reduced expression of neurokinin receptor 1 by epidermal keratinocytes and by vascular endothelial cells and a tachykinin-specific reduction of cutaneous neurogenic inflammation. Mast cells in photodamaged skin showed several characteristic morphological features, including various degrees of activation and an intimate association with fibroblasts, which were distinct from those in sun-protected skin. Furthermore, mast cells in photodamaged skin possessed larger amounts of substance P within their granules than did those in sun-protected skin.Conclusions  These findings document for the first time characteristic alterations of cutaneous neurogenic factors in photodamaged skin and suggest that the cutaneous nervous system may be involved in photoageing processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is known to proliferate and maintain the adult stem cells. The human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are very homogenous and constitute of euchromatin nuclei in 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and induce the heterochomatin nuclei by bone morphogenetic protein.In order to further investigate other growth factor, other cell types like bFGF, keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells, the cellular and molecular analyses are performed in vitro assay systems.The various doses of bFGF (0.25–25 μg/ml) significantly proliferate the hMSCs in time-dependent manner in s serum-free medium. The ultra-structure by electron microscopy revealed the very small, round and immature both cytoplasmic and nuclear structure resembling the 10% FBS-cultured cells. The hMSCs and bFGF and other cells are co-cultured in 8 μm-pore chamber systems for 16-hour incubation. The hMSCs successfully migrate through the pore when keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, endothelial cells or bFGF (345.0 ± 68.86, 63.8 ± 16.50, 36.2 ± 9.60, 12.0 ± 4.89, p 〈 0.01) are placed lower chamber. The clear cellular attachment between hMSCs and keratinocytes is observed in the monolayer co-culture by electron microscopy.The hMSCs are stimulated by bFGF and interact with other cell types such as keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Skin and soft tissue defects are sometimes problematic especially when the defects large, contaminated, irradiated, or poor blood supplied. The human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are proliferated upon basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) stimuli in vitro and in vivo. In this experiment, the skin and soft tissue defects are investigated if the wounds are able to be reepithelialized or accelerated by hMSCs, bFGF and porcine-derived bilayered skin template.1.5 × 1.5 cm2 nude rat skin and soft tissue defects including panniculus carnosus are excised and 1 × 106 hMSCs and various doses of bFGF (1–100 μg) applied. Before and after normal reepithelialization, the tissues are tested for protein expressions by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.The wound sizes are significantly decreased at day 7 with hMSCs with 1, 10, or 100 μg bFGF compared to hMSCs-alone or medium-only. All the wounds healed by day 42. 42 Kda and 38 Kda human-derived pancytokeratin expressions, which do not cross-react with murine antigens, by Western blotting significantly augmented by 10 μg bFGF compared to hMSCs-alone. The epidermal immunolocalizations such as integrin α3 and SKALP (Skin-derived Anti Leukoproteinase) are greatly elevated in time and dose-dependent manner. Human pan-cytokeratin expressions are immunoreactive even at day 42.These data suggest the skin and soft tissue wound healing is accelerated by hMSCs together with bFGF, partly by means of differentiation of hMSCs toward epidermal components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 153 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Large or deteriorated skin defects are sometimes life threatening. There is increasing evidence that adult stem cells are useful for tissue regeneration. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are self-renewing and are potent in differentiating into multiple cells and tissues.Objectives  To investigate the effects of hMSCs in cutaneous wound healing.Methods  Wound healing was studied in an hMSC-populated porcine skin substitute, using a nude rat model to minimize immune reactions. Full-thickness skin and soft tissue defects of 1·5 × 1·5 cm in size, including the panniculus carnosus, were excised and covered with hMSCs and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-soaked skin substitutes and an evaluation was made of wound size, histology and protein expression at 3, 7 and 42 days after injury.Results  The wound size was significantly smaller in the hMSC-treated groups (P 〈 0·01) and any dose of bFGF (1, 10, 100 μg) enhanced the healing (P 〈 0·01). The re-epithelialization markers integrin α3 and skin-derived antileucoproteinase were remarkably increased with the presence of bFGF in a dose-dependent manner, while the mesenchymal cell surface markers CD29 and CD44 were downregulated in a time-dependent manner. Human pancytokeratin, which does not cross-react with rat antigens, was observed by Western blotting at 38 kDa and 42 kDa from the hMSC-treated tissues on day 7. The expression levels were elevated by 10 μg bFGF (P 〈 0·01). The immunohistochemical expression of human pancytokeratin was only observed in the hMSC-treated groups.Conclusions  These data suggest that hMSCs together with bFGF in a skin defect model accelerate cutaneous wound healing as the hMSCs transdifferentiate into the epithelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: PSORS1 on chromosome 6p21.3, which contains the MHC, is a major susceptibility locus for psoriasis vulgaris. This region is characterized by strong linkage disequilibrium and contains the corneodesmosin (CSDN) gene, an attractive candidate for psoriasis susceptibility based on its putative biological function in keratinocyte adhesion, and HLA-Cw6, an established marker for psoriasis susceptibility. We compared two genetically independent populations in order to define the major psoriasis susceptibility gene, a British Caucasian population comprising parent–offspring trios analysed by the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) and a Japanese case–control population. All individuals were investigated for CDSN polymorphism (+619, +1236, +1240 and +1243) and HLA-C association. Our data confirms strong association with HLA-Cw6 and CDSN allele 5 (+619T, +1240G, +1243C) in the Caucasian cohort (TDT, P = 5.4 × 10−6) and in addition defines this region further by identifying a high-risk CDSN haplotype (allele 5 and +1236T, P = 8.5 × 10−8). In contrast no association was observed in the Japanese cohort for any HLA-C or CDSN alleles. This data supports a role for the CDSN gene in Caucasian populations with psoriasis. However the lack of association with HLA-Cw6 and CDSN alleles in Japanese psoriasis patients may be because Japanese patients exhibit a form of psoriasis similar to late onset or Type II psoriasis vulgaris in contrast to early onset or Type I disease characterizing our Caucasian population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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