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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil chemistry versus environmental controls on production of CH4 and CO2 in northern peatlands (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of soil science 56 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Rates of organic carbon mineralization (to CO2 and CH4) vary widely in peat soil. We transplanted four peat soils with different chemical composition into six sites with different environmental conditions to help resolve the debate about control of organic carbon mineralization by resource availability (e.g. carbon and nutrient chemistry) versus environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, moisture, pH). The four peat soils were derived from Sphagnum (bog moss). Two transplant sites were in mid-boreal Alberta, Canada, two were in low-boreal Ontario, Canada, and two were in the temperate United States. After 3 years in the field, CH4 production varied significantly as a function of peat type, transplant site, and the type–site interaction. All four peat soils had very small rates of CH4 production (〈 20 nmol g−1 day−1) after transplant into two sites, presumably caused by acid site conditions (pH 〈 4.0). One peat soil had small CH4 production rates regardless of transplant site. A canonical discriminant analysis revealed that large rates of CH4 production (4000 nmol g−1 day−1) correlated with large holocellulose content, a large concentration of p-hydroxyl phenolic compounds in the Klason lignin, and small concentrations of N, Ca and Mn in peat. Significant variation in rates of CO2 production correlated positively with holocellulose content and negatively with N concentrations, regardless of transplant site. The temperature response for CO2 production varied as a function of climate, being greater for peat formed in a cold climate, but did not apply to transplanted peat. Although we succeeded in elucidating some aspects of peat chemistry controlling production of CH4 and CO2 in Sphagnum-derived peat soils, we also revealed idiosyncratic combinations of peat chemistry and site conditions that will complicate forecasting rates of peat carbon mineralization into the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00657.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular mapping determines that Hessian fly resistance gene H9 is located on chromosome 1A of wheat (2005)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Plant breeding 124 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Hessian fly [Mayetiola destructor (Say)] is one of the major insect pests of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Hessian fly resistance gene H9 was previously reported to condition resistance to Hessian fly biotype L that is prevalent in many wheat-growing areas of eastern USA and an RAPD marker, OPO051000, linked to H9 in wheat was developed using wheat near-isogenic lines (NILs). However, marker-assisted selection (MAS) with RAPD markers is not always feasible. One of the objectives in this study was to convert an RAPD marker linked to the gene H9 into a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker to facilitate MAS and to map H9 in the wheat genome. The RAPD fragment from OPO051000 was cloned, sequenced, and converted into a SCAR marker SOPO05909, whose linkage relationship with H9 was subsequently confirmed in two F2 populations segregating for H9. Linkage analysis identified one sequence tagged site (STS) marker, STS-Pm3, and the eight microsatellite markers Xbarc263, Xcfa2153, Xpsp2999, Xgwm136, Xgdm33, Xcnl76, Xcnl117 and Xwmc24 near the H9 locus on the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 1A, contrary to the previously reported location of H9 on chromosome 5A. Locus Xbarc263 was 1.2 cM distal to H9, which itself was 1.7 cM proximal to loci Xcfa2153, Xpsp2999 and Xgwm136. The loci Xgwm136, Xcfa2153 and SOPO05909 were shown to be specific to H9 and not diagnostic to several other Hessian fly resistance genes, and therefore should be useful for pyramiding H9 with other Hessian fly resistance genes in a single genotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01139.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Review article: population screening for colorectal cancer (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Colorectal cancer is a common cancer and common cause of death. The mortality rate from colorectal cancer can be reduced by identification and removal of cancer precursors, adenomas, or by detection of cancer at an earlier stage.Pilot screening programmes have demonstrated decreased colorectal cancer mortality; as a result many countries are developing colorectal cancer screening programmes. The most common modalities being evaluated are faecal occult blood testing, flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. Implementation of screening tests has been hampered by cost, invasiveness, availability of resources and patient acceptance. New technologies such at computed tomographic colonography and stool screening for molecular markers of neoplasia are in development as potential minimally invasive tools.This review considers who should be screened, which test to use and how often to screen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02695.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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