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  • 2005-2009  (1)
  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1995-1999  (12)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 3319-3326 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The fabrication of oxynitrides using low thermal budget process technology is a key component in the production of advanced devices. This work focuses on the use of plasma anodization of low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) silicon nitride films to produce silicon oxynitride films, which are characterized structurally and electrically. The oxynitride dielectric films have a three layer structure, with "SiO2"-like layers at the surface and near the interface, and a "Si3N4"-like layer between them. Hence, nitrogen atoms are replaced by oxygen atoms at the surface of the film and near the Si/dielectric interface. The conductivity of the silicon nitride film was found to be higher than the silicon oxynitride film, whereas the conductivity of the oxynitride and, therefore, its trapping characteristics are more temperature dependent. Furthermore, the activation energy required to release an electron from a trap in the silicon oxynitride film (0.218 eV) is 1.7× that of the silicon nitride film (0.130 eV). Although oxidation of the LPCVD silicon nitride film did not reduce the interface trap density (≅1012 cm−2 eV−1 for both Si3N4 and SiON films), the density of traps, which are thought to be silicon dangling bonds in the form of an sp3 state near midgap, have reduced. A model to explain the conduction properties of the silicon oxynitride film—based on the Fowler–Nordheim conduction mechanism—was developed. Moreover, this model takes into account the trapping dynamics of the film. It was found that the best theoretical fit to the experimental current density data was obtained by assuming that the areal trap density, No,=5×1012 cm−2 and the trap capture cross section, σ=1×10−16 cm2. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 1871-1873 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The existence of two polarization dependent band edges in InGaAs/InP quantum well material has been used to demonstrate single wavelength all-optical switching in a nonlinear guided wave Fabry–Perot resonator. The device had a single quantum well embedded in the optical waveguide and was characterized as a function of input pump power and laser wavelength using laser pulses of about 45 ps duration at a repetition rate of 82 MHz. A signal gain factor of over two was obtained for pump pulses of 1.2 pJ and the optimum operating wavelength of 1.51 μm was found to coincide with the heavy hole exciton absorption resonance. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 936-938 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We report time resolved studies of optically induced circular dichroism in room temperature GaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum wells to resolve spin-dependent and spin-independent contributions to exciton saturation. Phase-space filling and Coulomb contributions were separated by spin dependence while the effects of broadening and screening were distinguished using different pulse bandwidths. Bound and free carrier contributions were compared by observing the temporal dependence of the circular dichroism on femtosecond timescales. The spin independent contribution to exciton saturation was found to be independent of whether the carriers were bound or free. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 3078-3080 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: We report the use of a novel impurity free vacancy disordering technique which has been used to produce waveguides with different Kerr-type nonlinear coefficients. The technique relies on standard SiO2 dielectric caps to promote disordering and Ga2O3 caps to suppress disordering. Band-gap shifts of around 40 nm and consequent changes in n2 of more than 60% are reported. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 31 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A study was undertaken to determine if it might be possible to prepare tissue sections on slides without the use of paraffin embedding, microtome sectioning, or cryostat sectioning which involve equipment and training not always available to scholars or professionals wishing to examine tissue microscopically. After evaluating many different reagents, cutting instruments and solid supports, we developed a method involving application of super glue to a slide, adhering a section of tissue to it, cutting the tissue with a disposable microtome blade, staining the tissue and removing the superglue with a commercially available product. The sections are similar to those sectioned on a microtome, but do not at this time equal their quality. However, histoarchitecture is preserved and individual cell morphology is usually good. We conclude that this is a viable method for preparing histology sections without the use of a microtome or cryostat, something long thought impossible. We have dubbed the method `RAMP' (Rapid Adhesive-Mediated Procedure).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 47 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: An abundance index for 0+ Atlantic salmon was based on semi-quantitative electrofishing estimates at 137 sites in typical juvenile habitat throughout the River Bush (N. Ireland). 0 + abundance was linearly related to total smolt numbers migrating through a downstream trap in subsequent years (r2= 0.716, P〈0.001), suggesting a high degree of predictive ability. This predictive ability decreased as smolt age increased, suggesting influence of density-independent mortality. Potential application of the technique to estimate smolt production from rivers having no trapping facilities is discussed, together with sources of variability potentially affecting estimates.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 58 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Over 25 years rod catches of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar increased proportionately as stock size increased (r2=0·581, P〈0·001), with no overall trend between exploitation rate and stock size (r2=0·016, P〉0·5). On a 15 year sub-set of these data annual effort (P=0·804) and flow (P=0·339) had little significance relative to stock size (P〈0·01) on variation in rod catches. Stock size, time, effort and flows had no influence on inter-annual variation of rod exploitation rate (r2=0·094, P=0·880). Pairwise correlation between variables confirmed these results. In 1998, weekly effort contributed significantly to overall catch variation (P〈0·001), while weekly flow did not (P=0·438). These results are discussed in relation to the utility of rod catch data for deriving estimates of stock for spawning target compliance purposes.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Atlantic salmon survival in the R. Bush (N. Ireland) from egg to summer 0+ was inversely density-dependent on egg deposition (P〈0.05). A stock-recruitment relationship derived from egg deposition and summer 0+ abundance index data was compared to that derived from adult and smolt counts based on total trapping. Fitted Ricker curves indicated maximum recruitment at around 2.35 million eggs and 2.46 million eggs for 0+ index and smolt count methods, respectively. Salmon 0+ abundance index data from semi-quantitative electrofishing could be obtained with relatively little effort, and used to derive whole-river stock-recruitment relationships on rivers where only adult count or some other estimator of parental stock is available. The derivation and expression of spawning targets from stock/recruitment relationships is discussed with reference to the R. Bush data.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Journal of applied ichthyology 20 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Overfishing and habitat destruction in the early 1900s devastated lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) populations in the Great Lakes. Although a comprehensive restoration strategy for this species was recently drafted by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, a lack of current data on Great Lakes sturgeon stocks has hindered rehabilitation efforts. Historically, the Detroit River supported one of the largest lake sturgeon populations in the Great Lakes; however, little is known about the current population or its habitat use. The main objective of this study was to determine if lake sturgeon spawns in the Detroit River. As part of a larger study, baited setlines were used to capture lake sturgeon in the Detroit River in the spring and summer of 2000 and 2001. In each year of the study, ultrasonic transmitters were surgically implanted in 10 adult fish to track their movements, evaluate habitat use and identify possible spawning sites. Using telemetry and egg mats to verify spawning activity, one spawning site was located and verified in the Detroit River. Spawning was verified by recovering sturgeon eggs deposited on egg collection mats anchored at the site. Telemetry data suggested that several other possible spawning sites also may exist, however, spawning activity was not verified at these sites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 18 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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