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  • 1
    ISSN: 1600-065X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: In this article, we describe several novel genetic vaccination strategies designed to facilitate the development of different types of immune responses. These include: the consecutive use of DNA and fowlpoxvirus vectors in “prime-boost” strategies which induce greatly enhanced and sustained levels of both cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity, including mucosal responses; ii) the co-expression of genes encoding cytokines and cell-surface receptors, and the use of immunogenic carrier molecules, for immune modulation and/or Improved targeting of vector-expressed vaccine antigens; acid iii) the expression of minimal immunogenic arnino acid sequences, particularly cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell determinants, in “polytope” vector vaccines. The capacity to modulate and enhance specific immune responses by the use of approaches such as these may underpin the development of vaccines against diseases for which no effective strategies are currently available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 34 (1995), S. 5372-5381 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 60 (1995), S. 7366-7368 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 3080-3084 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The hardware necessary for the electro-optic study of conducting polyelectrolyte solutions is frequently not commercially available or financially practical. The designs of an electrical rectangular pulse switch and polarity-reversing relay switch capable of producing 3 kV 5 A direct current pulses lasting longer than 100 μs are presented. As an example of the operation of this equipment, the electric birefringence of an aqueous solution of the Pseudomonas bacteriophage Pf1 in tris/EDTA buffer is presented. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In previous studies, mice given a full-thickness scald injury had an influx of neutrophils into the skin that followed a local increase in a neutrophil chemoattractant. Because macrophages are known to infiltrate the wound area after neutrophils and are essential for normal wound repair, studies were designed to characterize the time course of macrophage accumulation in the wound and to identify the factor(s) responsible for this influx. A macrophage infiltrate into the wound was observed at 4 days post-injury and persisted through at least 10 days. This influx was preceded by an initial fourfold increase in dermal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels at 24 hours post-injury (p 〈 0.05). This elevation in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was enhanced at 4 and 10 days postburn resulting in a sixfold increase over baseline (p 〈 0.01). Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, a proinflammatory cytokine known to induce chemokine production, were elevated at 90 minutes after injury in burn- versus sham-injured groups (p 〈 0.05). Furthermore, administration of tumor necrosis factor-α neutralizing antibody in vivo reduced the dermal levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 seen at 10 days postburn by 57% (p 〈 0.01); however, macrophage accumulation was not altered. Thus, elevated systemic TNF-α levels may influence the local chemokine milieu following burn injury. (WOUND REP REG 2003;11:110–119)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Biolistic transmission of mRNA provides transient gene therapy to in vivo organs. This study documents particle mediated mRNA transmission to a solid organ and wound healing model using the mRNA of Green Fluorescent Protein to determine optimal delivery parameters. Renal function, bullet penetration, cellular injury, and Green Fluorescent Protein synthesis were quantified. Chimeric human epidermal growth factor-FLAG epitope cDNA or mRNA was transmitted to wounds in normal or steroid treated animals. Wound bursting strength, human epidermal growth factor-FLAG, and collagen synthesis were determined. Injury and bullet penetration correlated with the delivery velocity and bullet size. Optimal delivery parameters were established which provided widespread Green Fluorescent Protein synthesis. Human epidermal growth factor-FLAG treatment significantly increased collagen content and wound breaking strength in normal and steroid treated animals. FLAG protein synthesis was evident in mRNA treated fascia following treatment. We found the gene gun provides a novel method for efficient, in vivo delivery of mRNA-based therapeutic strategies to mammalian organs with minimal histologic damage allowing transient expression of protein in in vivo target tissues. Co-delivery of Green Fluorescent Protein mRNA may provide a useful positive control to determine effective transmission. Biolistic transmission of human epidermal growth factor-FLAG mRNA provides increased tissue epidermal growth factor levels and accelerates wound healing in normal and steroid exposed animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of prosthodontics 11 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1532-849X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Restoration ecology 5 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1526-100X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Disturbance of coastal sage scrub in southern California has led to extensive displacement of native shrubs by exotic annual grasses. The initial conversion from shrubland to exotic grassland is typically associated with disturbance caused by intense grazing, high fire frequency, or mechanical vegetation removal. While native shrubs have been shown to recolonize annual grasslands under some conditions, other annual grasslands are persistent and show no evidence of shrub recolonization. This study examined the mechanisms by which annual grasses may exclude native shrubs and persist after release from disturbance. Grass density was manipulated in experimental plots to achieve a series of prescribed densities. Artemisia californica, a dominant native shrub, was seeded or planted into the plots and responses to the grass density treatments were measured over two growing seasons. A. californica germination, first season growth, and survival were all negatively related to the density of neighboring annual grasses. The most probable mechanism underlying the reduction of first season growth and survival was depletion of soil water by the grasses. The effects of the grasses on A. californica were no longer significant in the second season. The results of this study indicate that Mediterranean annual grasses reduce recruitment and can persist by inhibiting post-disturbance establishment of A. californica from seed. Although succession alone may not return disturbed annual grasslands to their former shrubland composition, the results suggest that restoration can be achieved by using container plantings or grass removal followed by seeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care 14 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1476-4431
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective: To report a case of spontaneous resolution of atrial fibrillation secondary to hypothermia in a dog without detectable heart disease.Case summary: An 8-year-old female spayed mixed breed dog presented with a history of prolonged exposure to below freezing environmental temperatures. The dog presented hypothermic (〈32°C or 〈90°F) and minimally responsive to stimuli. The heart rate was 80 beats per minute (bpm) and irregular. Atrial fibrillation was diagnosed. The dog had pale mucous membranes, absent femoral pulses, and no obtainable blood pressure via indirect Doppler technique. Resuscitation fluids were administered and active external warming was instituted. Peripheral edema was observed during the rewarming phase and the irregular heart rate was noted to increase. The atrial fibrillation spontaneously resolved with no specific anti-arrhythmic therapy. No underlying myocardial disease was found. The recovery of this dog was complete with a subsequent repeat of the echocardiogram and electrocardiogram (ECG) 8-months later found to be within normal limits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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