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  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1980-1984  (1)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    INVOLVING WATERSHED STAKEHOLDERS: AN ISSUE ATTRIBUTE APPROACH TO DETERMINE WILLINGNESS AND NEED (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 38 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Geographie
    Notizen: : The development of effective solutions for addressing nonpoint source pollution on a watershed basis often involves watershed stakeholders. However, success in engaging stakeholders in collaborative decision making processes varies, as watershed managers are faced with the challenges inherent to finding the right process for the decisions needed and in successfully engaging stakeholders in that process. Two characteristics that may provide guidance for determining the appropriateness of applying a collaborative process to a watershed problem are the need to collaborate and the willingness of stakeholders to engage in a collaborative decision making process. By examining seven attributes of the issues confronted by stakeholders in a collaborative process, the consequences of these attributes on the need for collaboration and stakeholders' willingness to engage can be estimated. The issue attributes include: level of uncertainty, balance of information, risk, time horizon of effects, urgency of decision, distribution of effects, and clarity of problem. The issue attribute model was applied to two collaborative decision making processes conducted by the same watershed stakeholder group in a North Carolina coastal watershed. Need and willingness to engage did not coincide for either issue; that is, stakeholders were more willing to engage on the issue that required less need for their involvement.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2002.tb05540.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    TRANSITIONS FROM PRISON TO COMMUNITY: Understanding Individual Pathways (2003)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Sociology 29 (2003), S. 89-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-0572
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Sociologie
    Notizen: In 2002, over 600,000 individuals left state and federal prisons, four times as many as were released in 1975. However, according to a national study, within 3 years, almost 7 in 10 will have been rearrested and half will be back in prison, either for a new crime or for violating conditions of their release. Clearly, an individual's transition from prison back into a home and into a community is difficult, and avoiding crime can be the least of his or her problems. Understanding these pathways and the reasons for and the dimensions of an individual's success or failure is the focus of recent scholarly attention to the problem of "prisoner reentry," the process of leaving prison and returning to free society. However, most of the existing research on prisoners' lives after release focuses solely on recidivism and ignores the reality that recidivism is directly affected by postprison reintegration and adjustment, which, in turn, depends on four sets of factors: personal and situational characteristics, including the individual's social environment of peers, family, community, and state-level policies. Moreover, individual transitions from prison to community are, we suggest, best understood in a longitudinal framework, taking into account an individual's circumstances before incarceration, experiences during incarceration, and the period after release-both the immediate experience and long-term situational circumstances. This review summarizes what we know about the four specified dimensions and how they affect an individual's transition from prison to community. The review concludes with a call to the research community for interdisciplinary, multilevel, longitudinal studies of the processes of reintegration for former prisoners. Such research may illuminate many dimensions of social life, including the effects of recent social policies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.095931
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    TRANSITIONS FROM PRISON TO COMMUNITY: Understanding Individual Pathways (2003)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Sociology 29 (2003), S. 89-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-0572
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Sociologie
    Notizen: Abstract In 2002, over 600,000 individuals left state and federal prisons, four times as many as were released in 1975. However, according to a national study, within 3 years, almost 7 in 10 will have been rearrested and half will be back in prison, either for a new crime or for violating conditions of their release. Clearly, an individual's transition from prison back into a home and into a community is difficult, and avoiding crime can be the least of his or her problems. Understanding these pathways and the reasons for and the dimensions of an individual's success or failure is the focus of recent scholarly attention to the problem of "prisoner reentry," the process of leaving prison and returning to free society. However, most of the existing research on prisoners' lives after release focuses solely on recidivism and ignores the reality that recidivism is directly affected by postprison reintegration and adjustment, which, in turn, depends on four sets of factors: personal and situational characteristics, including the individual's social environment of peers, family, community, and state-level policies. Moreover, individual transitions from prison to community are, we suggest, best understood in a longitudinal framework, taking into account an individual's circumstances before incarceration, experiences during incarceration, and the period after release-both the immediate experience and long-term situational circumstances. This review summarizes what we know about the four specified dimensions and how they affect an individual's transition from prison to community. The review concludes with a call to the research community for interdisciplinary, multilevel, longitudinal studies of the processes of reintegration for former prisoners. Such research may illuminate many dimensions of social life, including the effects of recent social policies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.095931
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gender, Police Arrest Decisions, and Notions of Chivalry (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Criminology 21 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-9125
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: The extent of preferential treatment toward female offenders during arrest has been a neglected topic in research on female criminality. This article uses data collected in 1977 during police-suspect encounters with 785 males and females to explore the existence of chivalrous treatment of female offenders in the initial stages of criminal processing. These data indicate that chivalry exists at the stage of arrest for those women who display appropriate gender behaviors and characteristics. In general, the findings suggest that female suspects who deviate from stereotypic gender expectations lose the advantage that may be extended to female offenders. Specifically, older, white, female suspects are less likely to be arrested than their younger, black or hostile sisters. In addition, in the initial stage of criminal processing, female property offenders receive no leniency, and some evidence suggests that offenses against property weigh we heavily in arrest decisions for females than for males. Differences in the factors influencing police arrest decisions for male and female suspects are also examined.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.1983.tb00248.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Psychoanalytic diagnosis of top management team dysfunction (2002)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Journal of managerial psychology 17 (2002), S. 381-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-3946
    Quelle: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Thema: Psychologie , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: This article presents a psychoanalytically informed diagnosis of top management team (TMT) dysfunction during TMT training in a public sector organization. Outdoor management development exercises and the psychodynamics of family groups increased the psychological depth of a training intervention, eliciting dysfunctional behavior and facilitating diagnosis based on Bion's theory of groups. Dysfunctional basic assumption behavior prohibited the group from effectively accomplishing the task of the work group. Implications for trainers and consultants are discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683940210432628
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A role for the C3a anaphylatoxin receptor in the effector phase of asthma (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 406 (2000), S. 998-1001 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways and lung mucosa with a strong correlation to atopy and acquired (IgE) immunity. However, many features of bronchial asthma, such as smooth muscle contraction, mucus secretion and recruitment of inflammatory cells, are consistent with ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35023175
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Medial surfaces of hyperbolic structures (2003)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 35 (2003), S. 551-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract. We describe an algorithm for numerical computation of a medial surface and an associated medial graph for three-dimensional shapes bounded by oriented triangulated surface manifolds in three-dimensional Euclidean space (domains). We apply the construction to bicontinuous domain shapes found in molecular self-assemblies, the cubic infinite periodic minimal surfaces of genus three: Gyroid (G), Diamond (D) and Primitive (P) surfaces. The medial surface is the locus of centers of maximal spheres, i.e. spheres wholly contained within the domains which graze the surface tangentially and are not contained in any other such sphere. The construction of a medial surface is a natural generalization of Voronoi diagrams to continuous surfaces. The medial surface provides an explicit construction of the volume element associated with a patch of the bounding surface, leading to a robust measure of the surface to volume ratio for complex forms. It also allows for sensible definition of a line graph (the medial graph), particularly useful for domains consisting of connected channels, and not reliant on symmetries of the domains. In addition, the medial surface construction produces a length associated with any point on the surface. Variations of this length give a useful measure of global homogeneity of topologically complex morphologies. Comparison of medial surfaces for the P, D and G surfaces reveal the Gyroid to be the most globally homogeneous of these cubic bicontinuous forms (of genus three). This result is compared with the ubiquity of the G surface morphology in soft mesophases, including lyotropic liquid crystals and block copolymers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2003-00308-y
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