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  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1970-1974  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromium ions inactivate electron transport and enhance superoxide generation in vivo in pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Azad) root mitochondria (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effect in vivo of hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) on the respiratory electron transport activity and production of superoxide (O2–) radicals, was studied in submitochondrial particles (SMPs) prepared from mitochondria isolated from roots of 15-day-old pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Azad) plants exposed to environmentally relevant (20 µm) and acute (200 µm) concentrations of chromium for 7 d. A concentration -dependent inactivation of electron transport activity from both NADH to O2 (NADH oxidase) and succinate to O2 (succinate oxidase) was observed. The electron transport activity was more sensitive to Cr6+ with NADH as the substrate than with succinate as the substrate. Although NADH dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase were less affected, NADH: cytochrome c oxidoreductase and succinate: cytochrome c oxidoreductase activities were prominently affected by Cr6+. Cytochrome oxidase was the most susceptible complex of mitochondrial membranes to Cr6+, exhibiting maximal inactivation of activity both at 20 and 200 µm chromium concentrations. Cr6+ increased the generation of O2– radicals. This effect was more evident at 200 than at 20 µm. A significant increase in lipid peroxidation of mitochondrial membranes at 200 µm Cr6+ was the physiological impact of the metal-induced enhanced generation of O2– radicals. An increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity at 20 µm Cr6+ towards enhanced production of O2– radicals appeared to be a defence response in pea root mitochondria that, however, could not be sustained at 200 µm Cr6+. The results obtained concerning inactivation of mitochondrial electron transport and subsequent enhancement in the generation of O2– radicals suggest that root mitochondria are an important target of Cr6+-induced oxidative stress in pea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00843.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facilitated transport via carrier-mediated diffusion in membranes: Part I. Mechanistic aspects, experimental systems and characteristic regimes (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 417-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Carrier-mediated transport in membranes as a globally nonreactive process is distinguished from film theory with chemical reaction and other facilitated diffusion phenomena. With the concept of stoichiometric and system invariants, an approach is developed for the analysis of carriersediated transport with multiple permeants involving multiple reactions in the membrane. Approximate solutions of the requisite differential equations according to the relative importance of diffusion and reaction rates are reviewed, as well as typical experimental studies. Criteria for evaluating whether a membrane is in the diffusion or equilibrium regime are given, and, in the latter case, the effects of some system parameters are given, for example, binding constants, competitive permeants.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200302
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facilitated transport via carrier - mediated diffusion in membranes: Part II. Mathematical aspects and analyses (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 625-645 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Part II of this review is concerned with the mathematical analysis of facilitated transport. An exposition is given of the most generally useful techniques for obtaining asymptotic or approximate solutions to one-dimensional carrier-mediated diffusion in membranes, involving multiple permeant and carrier species which undergo one or more chemical reactions. Primary emphasis is devoted to the limiting regimes of weakly-perturbed membranes (small driving forces) and slow or fast reactions (small or large Damkohler numbers). Many of the results appearing in the literature are unified and extended, and a systematic procedure for using these to estimate membrane performance is put forth. Finally, some areas for further work are identified.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200402
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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