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  • 1
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    India's Trade with Europe and America in the Eighteenth Century (1959)
    London : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 2:3 (1959:Dec.) 313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4995
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences , History , Sociology , Economics
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:6133-1959-002-03-000006
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene expression in the soybean seed axis during germination and early seedling growth (1987)
    Springer
    Planta 170 (1987), S. 209-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Gene expression ; Glycine (gene expression) ; mRNA in germination ; Seed germination ; Seedling (gene expression)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Copy-DNA clones have been obtained that distinguish eight messenger mRNAs, moderately abundant in the axes of the germinating soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seedling. These clones have been used to characterize the size of the mRNAs and to anlyze the accumulation of the mRNAs at different time points and in different parts of the axis during germination and early seedling growth. Three of the mRNAs accumulate to a substantial level by 9 h, a time point before either the beginning of growth or the accumulation of polyribosomes. Four other mRNAs reach a substantial level only at 24 h, a period when rapid seedling growth is occurring. Those mRNAs whose accumulation begins at 24 h were found only in the top (hypocotyl) half of the 24-h seedlings, while the remaining mRNAs were present also in the bottom half of the seedlings in different amounts. By 44 h, the bottom 0.5 cm of the seedlings, i.e., the region of meristematic growth, had little or none of the mRNAs, with the exception of one mRNA. These temporal and spatial observations indicate that many of the mRNAs are not involved simply in the general maintenance of ongoing cell proliferation, but that they may be related to differentiation during early seedling formation. Further, the early accumulating mRNAs may be functioning in regulating the onset of seedling growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397890
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium-mediated engineering for sheath blight resistance of indica rice cultivars from different ecosystems (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 832-839 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Agrobacterium ; Chitinase ; T-DNA ; Sheath blight ; Rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A concise T-DNA element was engineered containing the rice class-I chitinase gene expressed under the control of CaMV35S and the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hph) as a selectable marker. The binary plasmid vector pNO1 with the T-DNA element containing these genes of interest was mobilized to Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 to act as an efficient donor of T-DNA in the transformation of three different indica rice cultivars from different ecosystems. Many morphologically normal, fertile transgenic plants from these rice cultivars were generated after Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using 3-week-old scutella calli as initial explants. Stable integration, inheritance and expression of the chimeric chitinase gene were demonstrated by Southern blot and Western blot analysis of the transformants. Bioassay data showed that transgenic plants can restrict the growth of the sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Bioassay results were correlated with the molecular analysis. Although we obtained similar results upon DNA-mediated transformation, this report shows the potential of the cost-effective, simple Agrobacterium system for genetic manipulation of rice cultivars with a pathogenesis-related (PR) gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051359
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field performance of Xa21 transgenic indica rice (Oryza sativa L.), IR72 (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Xa21 ; IR72 ; Bacterial leaf blight ; Transformation ; Field testing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Based on the characterization of the resistance phenotype and molecular analysis, several homozygous lines carrying Xa21 against the bacterial blight (BB) pathogen were obtained from previously transformed indica rice, IR72. The homozygous line, T103-10, with the best phenotype and seed-setting, was repeatedly tested under normal field conditions to evaluate its levels of resistance to the BB pathogen in Wuhan, China, in 1998 and 1999. The isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo) used in this experiments were PXO61, PXO79, PXO99 and PXO112 isolated from the Philippines, T2 isolated from Japan, and Zhe173 isolated from China. The results demonstrated that the transgenic homozygous line expressed the same resistance spectrum, but with a shorter lesion length to each inoculated isolates as the lesion length of the Xa21 donor line IRBB21. The non-transformed control IR72 carrying Xa4 was resistant to PXO61, PXO112, Zhe173 and T2, but susceptible to PXO99 and PXO79. The negative control variety IR24 was susceptible to all isolates under field conditions. The results demonstrated clearly that the Xa21 transgene led to an excellent field performance of the introduced bacterial blight resistance trait on the recipient plants. The yield performance of this transgenic homozygous line, T103-10, is comparable with that of the control under field conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051443
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berry's phase, density matrices and incompatible observables (1989)
    Springer
    Foundations of physics 2 (1989), S. 425-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9524
    Keywords: Berry's phase ; quantum measurements ; incompatible observables
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Adiabatically time-varying parameter-dependent cyclic Hamiltonians are known to generate “Berry's phase” in state vectors in addition to the usual dynamical phase. Using the standard algorithm for collapse into a mixture following a quantum measurement process, we investigate the general nature of measurements in which the effects of Berry's phase, introduced at some intermediate stage of the measurement process, persist in the final collapsed density matrix. We find that it is possible to construct a sequence of a “preparation” followed by a measurement of an observable incompatible with the “prepared” state, where the collapsed density operator carries intermediate changes of phase in pure states; hence unitary time evolution alone is not essential for the observation of geometrical phases. This result confirms similar suggestions made by other investigators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689812
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