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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 12 (2000), S. 42-53 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The vortex structure created by a bursting bubble has been photographically studied. A vortex model has been constructed, which describes the evolution of the structure, and the phenomenon has been simulated numerically using two two-dimensional vortex blob models. The bubble is situated on a shallow pool of fluid that is on the top face of a vertical cylinder. Two upward-moving vortex rings with colinear axes are formed within 15 ms after bubble rupture. The two rings leapfrog to form a structure consisting of a vortex ring that sheds lobes of fluid that are sometimes similar in appearance to hairpin vortex loops. This evolution occurs within 100 ms of the initiation of bubble rupture, when the ring Reynolds number is approximately 170. The computational model produced images with a close resemblance to the physical structure, and was used to support the theory that the trailing lobes are rotational and consist of the vortex ring that was initially leading. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 41 (2000), S. 3674-3697 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: We discuss the status and some perspectives of relativistic quantum physics. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 150 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Bringing up children with atopic dermatitis (AD) is widely perceived as being stressful because parenting demands considerable time and energy. There have been only a few studies to assess the extent of problems experienced by the parents.Objective  To assess the psychosocial well-being of parents caring for a young child with AD and to examine the relationship between parental quality of life and disease-related and sociodemographic variables.Methods  One hundred and eighty-seven parents of young children with AD attending an inpatient rehabilitation clinic participated in the study. At admission, parents completed a set of questionnaires (assessing health-related quality of life, coping with the disease, family functioning). Dermatologists assessed disease severity using the severity scoring of AD index (SCORAD).Results  In general, parents cope well with their situation. Compared with normal values, high rates of psychological distress were observed in a subsample of parents of children with AD. Parents of children with a higher severity of disease reported a significantly higher impact on family functioning, a greater financial burden and a higher level of disease management. Parental disease management could be predicted by the familial situation, their personal well-being and the severity of disease of their child. Differences attributed to their child's gender or age were not observed.Conclusions  Childhood AD has a profound impact on the emotional and social well-being of many of the parents. The results underline the importance of psychological treatment approaches designed to increase parental well-being and ability to cope with stress and social strain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 13 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-7599
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To assess the quality of hypertension (HTN) care in an urban nurse-managed center (NMC) by chart audits of insured and uninsured (N= 52) African Americans who were managed by nurse practitioners.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Data SourcesA chart audit form was developed by the authors that merged Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set (HEDIS) criteria with the Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC VI) criteria.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsThere was near comparable hypertension control among the two groups. No difference was found in systolic blood pressure (BP) control; however, the uninsured group had a slightly greater average diastolic BP compared with the insured group. There was no significant difference in the number of HTN medications or the number of risk factors. A significant difference was found in the number of NP visits per year between the two groups; the uninsured group averaged 3.2 more visits per year.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Assembly automation 21 (2001), S. 241-246 
    ISSN: 0144-5154
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Notes that suppliers of capital goods are challenged by new aspects of customer orientation - a change in the business relationship from the present sale of facilities to a provision of production ability for the customer. These problems apply especially to suppliers of assembly systems because their customers have become more demanding in terms of financial payback periods, and because of the high risks associated with advanced automation. All the risks for running a facility system and the tasks at the end-of-life are being relocated to the facility supplier without the necessary data, such as the reliability or mean-time-between-failures of the modules. Presents a method which enables the facility suppliers to calculate the maintenance cost in the use phase, the costs and benefits for the retraction, remanufacturing, reuse and resale of their products as a basis of reliability and mean-time-between-failure data of modules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Activation energy ; Cuticle ; Diffusion (cuticle ; solute) ; Foliar uptake ; Polymer membrane ; Tortuosity (wax)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract.  Solute mobility in cuticular membranes (CMs) of 14 plant species (Citrus aurantium L., Citrus grandis L., Hedera helix L., Ilex aquifolium L., Ilex paraguariensis St.-Hil., Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Golden Delicious, Populus alba L., Prunus laurocerasus L., Pyrus communis L. cv. Bartlett, Conference and Gellerts Butterbirne, Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm. f.) Nakai, Schefflera actinophylla (Endl.) Harms and Strophanthus gratus Baill.) was measured over the temperature range 25–55 °C. The five organic model compounds differed in size (130–349 cm3 mol−1) and cuticle/water partition coefficient (18–108). For all individual CMs (n = 297), the data were plotted according to the thermodynamic relationship between the preexponential factor (which is proportional to entropy) of the Arrhenius equation and the activation energy (enthalpy) of diffusion (E D ). A strict linear correlation was obtained, providing evidence that the five compounds diffused along the same lipophilic diffusion path in all plant species tested. Extracting cuticular waxes from CMs of four plant species (Hedera, Pyrus, Schefflera and Strophanthus) had no effect on the slope of the plot but a parallel displacement towards higher entropy was observed with these polymer matrix (MX) membranes. This displacement is interpreted as a temperature-independent tortuosity factor directly related to entropy. The influence of the plasticiser tributyl phosphate on solute mobility at various temperatures was measured for CM and MX membranes. The plasticiser increased solute mobility and E D was reduced drastically for both membrane types. This plasticiser effect was almost completely reversible, when tributyl phosphate was desorbed from the membranes. For both, plasticised CM and MX, the thermodynamic correlation exists whereby all data points lie on the same line. The data are used to characterise the lipophilic pathway across plant cuticles in terms of the free-volume theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Meganyctiphanes norvegica (M. Sars)is a pelagic crustacean that plays a key role in marine food webs of North Atlantic Ocean and marginal seas. We studied eight population samples collected in the European Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. By means of single strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) and direct sequencing, we investigated a segment of 158 base pairs of the mitochondrial gene coding for the subunit 1 of NADH dehydrogenase. We found 12 sequence variants among the 385 individuals studied. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 14.75% of the total genetic variability was explained by differences between populations, thus indicating absence of panmixia for these populations. Pairwise comparisons revealed three distinct genetic pools: the first one represented by Cadiz Bay, the second one by the Ligurian Sea, and the third one included all the NE Atlantic samples. We also investigated one population from the Alboran Sea (within the Mediterranean basin, east of the Strait of Gibraltar). This population was found to be genetically intermediate between the NE Atlantic samples and the Ligurian sample, suggesting that the restriction to the gene flow is not associated with the Strait of Gibraltar, but possibly with the Oran–Almeria oceanographic front. The present work indicates that M. norvegica, although endowed with a high dispersal capacity because of its pelagic habit, can develop separate breeding units inside the same oceanic basin (the Atlantic). Furthermore, the Ligurian sample should be considered as a distinct evolutionary entity, separated from the Atlantic population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter: Offene Unterschenkelfraktur II °/III ° ; Weichteilschaden ; postthrombotisches Syndrom ; Venenverschlußplethysmographie ; Unfallfolge. ; Keywords: Open lower leg fracture ; Soft tissue demage ; Post-thrombotic syndrom ; Venous occlusion plethysmography ; Traumatic lesion.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract. There is a wide range of alternatives for primary bone reconstruction in the treatment of open lower leg fractures with soft tissue damage of the type Gustillo II and III. The primary objective should always be the protection of soft tissue damage whether one uses the fixateur externe, or an unreamed nail or primary bone shortening with secondary callus distraction. In recent years, this approach has produced better results and a reduction in the rate of major amputations. The overall effects of the initial treatment can only be analysed after a number of years. Research results indicate long-term soft tissue complications of the lower leg, varying from harmless swelling to venous ulcer. We conducted a clinical investigation which compared 80 patients, who were treated between 1985 and 1994 using the venous-occlusion plethysmography, to 50 healthy individuals. Clinically significant damage of the deep venous system was found in over 50 % of cases. There was a direct correlation between the number of years since the initial treatment and the degree of damage found. Based on these findings, we recommend that the initial treatment of this condition and the preventative treatment of the secondary trauma diseases should follow regulated surgical guidelines and be recognised for insurance purposes.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung. Die Versorgung der offenen Unterschenkelfrakturen II ° und III ° mit gleichzeitigem Weichteilschaden beinhaltet heutzutage eine breite Palette von operativen Möglichkeiten der primären Osteosynthese. Über den Fixateur externe, den ungebohrten Marknagel bis hin zur primären Knochenverkürzung mit nachfolgender Callusdistraktion geschieht dies unter dem Primat der Weichteildeckung. Sie ist für die Frakturheilung von entscheidender Bedeutung. Erst durch die damit verbundenen Erfolge war es in den letzten Jahrzehnten möglich, die bis dahin hohe Rate invalisierender Amputationen und Infektionen deutlich zu verringern. Waren es zunächst nur Einzelfallbeobachtungen, so mehrten sich doch die Anzeichen, daß gehäuft diese Patienten Weichteilprobleme am Unterschenkel von der rezidivierenden Schwellneigung bis hin zum Ulcus cruris aufwiesen. Anhand einer klinischen Untersuchung unter Anwendung der Venenverschlußplethysmographie an 80 Patienten aus den Verletzungsjahren 1985–1994 und im Vergleich mit 50 gesunden Probanden konnte gezeigt werden, daß mehr als 50 % aller Patienten durch den Unfall eine klinisch relevante Schädigung des Venensystems davontragen. Hierbei sind Schweregrade dieser Schädigung von einer einfachen Schwellneigung bis hin zum Ulcus cruris zu verzeichnen, die mit zunehmender zeitlicher Distanz zum Unfallereignis in ihrer klinischen Relevanz an Bedeutung gewinnen. Zur Vermeidung weiterer, auch iatrogener, Schäden ist eine stringete Beachtung der chirurgischen Richtlinien in der Primärversorgung erforderlich, eine postoperative Prophylaxe ist indiziert. Bei klinisch erkennbaren Unfallfolgen ist eine subtile gutachterliche Würdigung unfallbezogener und unfallunabhängiger Erkrankungen des Venensystems erforderlich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] With the availability of complete genome sequence for Drosophila melanogaster, one of the next strategic goals for fly researchers is a complete gene knockout collection. The P-element transposon, the workhorse of D. melanogaster molecular genetics, has a pronounced nonrandom insertion spectrum. It ...
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] By mediating exclusive recombination in selected cell types, mouse strains expressing the site-specific recombinase Cre or FLP add a required, selective dimension to studies of mammalian gene function and cell fate. Having two highly active recombinases would advance such studies and elaborate new ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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