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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Maquiladoras and U.S.-Bound Migration in Central Mexico (2001)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    Growth and change 32 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Geographie , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Over the past one and a half decades, smaller cities and nonmetropolitan areas in Mexico have attracted manufacturing plants, led by the export manufacturing sector. Maquiladoras in particular are increasingly locating their plants in such places in the “deep interior” Mexico—outside of the border states. Using 1980 and 1990 Mexican census data for 19 growth centers and 27 high-emigration municipios (counties) in Central Mexico, this paper suggests that foreign-owned assembly (maquiladora) jobs decentralized significantly over the 1980s, locating closer to emigrant municipios. An examination of 17 emigrant municipios in the industrialized states of Jalisco and Guanajuato found that an emigrant municipio's accessibility to maquiladora jobs, and jobs indirectly related to maquiladora growth, was positively related to its overall employment growth, which was, in turn, negatively related to its U.S. migration rate over the decade. Although the migration reduction inherent in these relationships is relatively small, it could be accelerated by U.S. and Mexican policies giving incentives for more peripheral locations of export-oriented and other manufacturing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0017-4815.00156
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Differential Effects of Extracurricular Activities on Attributions in Résumé Evaluation (2002)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    International journal of selection and assessment 10 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2389
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: This study examines the effects that extracurricular activities have on the attributions a résumé reader makes about an applicant. Three characteristics of extracurricular activities (number of activities, holding positions of leadership, and relevance of the activities) were manipulated across 24 résumés of fictitious college graduates. Some 219 raters read the résumés and made judgments about the level of the applicant’s quality. The results showed a main effect for the number of activities, a main effect for holding leadership positions, and a main effect for relevance of the activity. Furthermore, a three–way interaction revealed the differential effects that the relevance of the activities had on the attributions at different levels of leadership and number of activities. A mix of career–related and social activities garnered higher ratings for those who held leadership positions in five activities. However, for those who were leaders in only two activities or were not leaders in five, having only career–related activities earned them higher ratings. For applicants who were not leaders in two activities, relevance of the activities played no role.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2389.00210
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Phase modulation at 125 kHz in a Michelson interferometer using an inexpensive piezoelectric stack driven at resonance (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 1630-1633 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Fast phase modulation has been achieved in a Michelson interferometer by attaching a lightweight reference mirror to a piezoelectric stack and driving the stack at a resonance frequency of about 125 kHz. The electrical behavior of the piezo stack and the mechanical properties of the piezo-mirror arrangement are described. A displacement amplitude at resonance of about 350 nm was achieved using a standard function generator. Phase drift in the interferometer and piezo wobble were readily circumvented. This approach to phase modulation is less expensive by a factor of roughly 50 than one based on an electro-optic effect. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1347375
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Platelet-activating factor receptor-deficient mice are protected from experimental sleep apnea-induced learning deficits (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 89 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep, a hallmark of sleep apnea, is associated with neurobehavioral impairments, regional neurodegeneration and increased oxidative stress and inflammation in rodents. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an important mediator of both normal neural plasticity and brain injury. We report that mice deficient in the cell surface receptor for PAF (PAFR–/–), a bioactive mediator of oxidative stress and inflammation, are protected from the spatial reference learning deficits associated with IH. Furthermore, PAFR–/– exhibit attenuated elevations in inflammatory signaling (cyclo-oxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase activities), degradation of the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway and apoptosis observed in wild-type littermates (PAFR+/+) exposed to IH. Collectively, these findings indicate that inflammatory signaling and neurobehavioral impairments induced by IH are mediated through PAF receptors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02352.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Characterization of Copper Interactions with Alzheimer Amyloid β Peptides (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of neurochemistry 75 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Cu and Zn have been shown to accumulate in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. We have previously reported that Cu2+ and Zn2+ bind amyloid β (Aβ), explaining their enrichment in plaque pathology. Here we detail the stoichiometries and binding affinities of multiple cooperative Cu2+-binding sites on synthetic Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42. We have developed a ligand displacement technique (competitive metal capture analysis) that uses metal-chelator complexes to evaluate metal ion binding to Aβ, a notoriously self-aggregating peptide. This analysis indicated that there is a very-high-affinity Cu2+-binding site on Aβ1-42 (log Kapp = 17.2) that mediates peptide precipitation and that the tendency of this peptide to self-aggregate in aqueous solutions is due to the presence of trace Cu2+ contamination (customarily ∼0.1 μM). In contrast, Aβ1-40 has much lower affinity for Cu2+ at this site (estimated log Kapp = 10.3), explaining why this peptide is less self-aggregating. The greater Cu2+-binding affinity of Aβ1-42 compared with Aβ1-40 is associated with significantly diminished negative cooperativity. The role of trace metal contamination in inducing Aβ precipitation was confirmed by the demonstration that Aβ peptide (10 μM) remained soluble for 5 days only in the presence of high-affinity Cu2+-selective chelators.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0751219.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Relationship between dopamine-stimulated phospholipid methylation and the single-carbon folate pathway (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 78 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: In a previous study we demonstrated the ability of dopamine (DA) to stimulate phospholipid methylation (PLM) via a novel mechanism involving the D4 dopamine receptor (D4R) in which single-carbon folates appeared to be the primary source of methyl groups. To further understand the relationship between D4R-mediated PLM and folate metabolism, we examined the effect of several folate pathway interventions on the level of basal and DA-stimulated incorporation of [14C]-labeled formate into phospholipids in cultured SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. These interventions included: (i) Overexpression of methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (MTHFS). (ii) Treatment with 5-formylTHF. (iii) Treatment with the MTHFS inhibitor 5-formyltetrahydrohomofolic acid (5-formylTHHF). (iv) Growth in nucleoside-free media. 31P-NMR was also used to follow DA-induced changes in cell phospholipid composition. MTHFS overexpression and 5-formylTHHF treatment, both of which lower 5-methylTHF levels, each reduced basal PLM and its stimulation by DA. In contrast, 5-formylTHF, which increases 5-methylTHF, caused a dose-dependent increase in both basal and DA-stimulated PLM. Growth in nucleoside-free media caused time-dependent changes in PLM, which were due to the absence of purine nucleosides. While basal PLM was maintained at a reduced level, DA-stimulated PLM was initially increased followed by a later decrease. Together, these findings indicate a close functional relationship between single-carbon folate metabolism and DA-stimulated PLM, consistent with a role for 5-methylTHF as the methyl donor for the D4R-mediated process.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00471.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dense Mullite from Attrition-Milled Kyanite and Aluminum Metal (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Dense mullite was produced through the reaction and sintering of an attrition-milled mixture of kyanite (Al2O3·SiO2) and aluminum metal. Kyanite and aluminum were attrition-milled then slowly heated at 1°3C/min to 1100°3C in air, and rapidly heated to 1600°3C and held for 1 h. During heating, the aluminum metal is oxidized first in the solid state and then as a liquid. The attrition-milled kyanite decomposes yielding mullite and rejecting silica, which then reacts with the alumina formed from oxidation of the aluminum. Expansion from the aluminum oxidation and kyanite decomposition partially compensates for the normal sintering shrinkage. A dense, fine-grain-size mullite results.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00144.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Knoop Microhardness Anisotropy and the Indentation Size Effect on the Basal Plane of Single-Crystal Alumina (Sapphire) (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The Knoop microhardness anisotropy profile was determined for the basal plane of a Czochralski grown alumina single crystal for indentation test loads from 100 through 1000 g. Microhardness maxima occur at low indentation test loads for the long axis of the Knoop indenter parallel to the 〈2[Onemacr][Onemacr]0〉. Minima exist for the long axis parallel to the 〈10[Onemacr]0〉. This low indentation test load profile is attributed to slip on the primary slip system, the (0001)〈[Onemacr][Onemacr]20〉, as previously noted by Brookes and co-workers. The degree of the microhardness anisotropy decreases for higher indentation test loads. This results from the activation of multiple slip systems to accommodate the greater amounts of plastic flow required by the larger indentation sizes. The microhardness profile becomes more uniform with increasing indentation test load until the Knoop microhardness approaches a test-load-independent, orientation-independent microhardness of 1167 ± 34 kg/mm2. The indentation size effect (ISE) was further investigated through lubricated indentation hardness measurements. Lubrication of the test specimen surface significantly reduces the ISE. Results indicate that friction between the test specimen surface and the indenter facets is a major portion of the ISE.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00105.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mechanical Activation of the Decomposition and Sintering of Kyanite (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The influence of attrition milling on the thermal decomposition of kyanite (Al2O3·SiO2) to mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) and SiO2, and its subsequent sintering, was studied. A commercial kyanite was attrition-milled for times up to 12 h. Dilatometry confirmed that as-received unmilled kyanite decomposes between 1300° and 1435°C. The decomposition reaction is slow initially and accelerates during the later stages until about one-half of the decomposition occurs in the last 35°C. For the attrition-milled kyanite, the onset decomposition temperature decreases, the transformation temperature interval is reduced, and both the decomposition reaction and subsequent sintering are accelerated. A dense microstructure of fine equiaxed mullite grains in the 1 μm size range, evenly dispersed in a glassy matrix, is obtained by sintering the attrition-milled kyanites. These results are explained in terms of the energy accumulated during attrition milling, a reduction of the milled kyanite particle size, and the presence of a liquid phase during sintering.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00475.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis of Magnesium Aluminate Spinels from Bauxites and Magnesias (2002)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 85 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: The synthesis of refractory Mg-Al spinel aggregates from bauxites and magnesias was addressed by applying the alumina–magnesia–silica ternary equilibrium phase diagram as the fundamental basis. Four different alumina sources (bauxites) and four different magnesia sources were investigated. These were fired in air through 1700°C and their reactions were monitored using X-ray diffraction. Evolution of their microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Initially, the periclase reacts with the free corundum of the bauxite to produce Mg-Al spinel. The periclase then reacts with the mullite in the bauxites to yield additional spinel and also some forsterite. Spinels were produced for all sixteen different raw-material combinations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00569.x
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