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Microenvironmental influences on human B-cell development (2000)

Bertrand, F. E. ; Eckfeldt, C. E. ; Fink, J. R. ; [et al.]

Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers

Immunological reviews 175 (2000), S. 0

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ISSN: 1600-065X

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary: Mammalian B-cell development can be viewed as a developmental performance with several acts. The acts are represented by checkpoints centered around commitment to the B-lineage and functional Ig gene rearrangement – culminating in expression of the pre-B-cell receptor (pre-BCR) and the BCR. Progression of cells through these checkpoints is profoundly influenced by the fetal liver and adult bone marrow (BM) stromal cell microenvironments. Our laboratory has developed a model of human B-cell development that utilizes freshly isolated/non-transformed human BM stromal cells as an in vitro microenvironment. Human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells plated in this human BM stromal cell microenvironment commit to the B lineage and progress through the pre-BCR and BCR checkpoints. This human BM stromal cell microenvironment also provides survival signals that prevent apoptosis in human B-lineage cells. Human B-lineage cells exhibit differential expression of Notch receptors and human BM stromal cells express the Notch ligand Jagged-1. These results suggest a potential role for Notch in regulating B-lineage commitment and/or progression through the pre-BCR and BCR checkpoints.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2000.imr017513.x

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Modelling of Fluid/Paper Interaction in the Application Nip of a Film Coater (2000)

Hayes, R. E. ; Bertrand, F. H. ; Tanguy, P. A.

Springer

Transport in porous media 40 (2000), S. 55-72

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ISSN: 1573-1634

Keywords: paper coating ; simulation ; free surface

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geosciences , Technology

Notes: Abstract This paper describes a model for the penetration of fluid into a moving paper web in the application nip of a film coater. One-dimensional and two-dimensional solution methods are developed and compared. The two-dimensional model is solved using a Galerkin finite element method with a free surface algorithm. The depth of fluid penetration into the paper web increases with increase in applied pressure, paper permeability and exposure time. The fluid penetration depth decreases as the porosity or solution viscosity increases. The functional relationship among these variables depends on the profile of the pressure applied at the surface of the paper sheet. For the case of uniform paper permeability and no air compression in the web, the two-dimensional model gives similar results to the one-dimensional model.