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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental geology 40 (2000), S. 223-233 
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Keywords Coastal aquifers ; Seawater intrusion ; Leaky aquifer system ; Numerical modeling ; Numerical simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  A leaky aquifer system occurs in the coastal plain near Beihai, China. Seawater intrusion into the confined aquifer took place along the northern coast. Chloride concentrations at some observation wells increased steadily from 1988 and were at their peak in 1993. A quasi-three-dimensional element model has been developed to simulate the spatial and temporal evolution of hydraulic heads and chloride concentrations of the groundwater near the northern coast. The simulation model was based on the transition zone approach, which requires simultaneous solution of the governing water flow and solute transport equations. An irregular grid of a quadrangle was used to discretize the flow domain. Various aquifer parameters were verified with the numerical model in order to obtain satisfactory matches between computed values and observed data from an investigation. Three pumpage schemes were designed to use the calibrated model for prediction of future changes in water levels and chloride concentrations in groundwater in the study area. Results show that seawater intrusion would worsen in the confined aquifer if the current rates of groundwater pumpage continue. The alternative, to eliminate pumpage in the intruded area and to moderate pumpage rates from water supply wells far from the seashore, may limit seawater intrusion significantly and is considered attractive in the area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 42 (2001), S. 2531-2539 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: In this paper we consider symmetry transformations that preserve the first law and the second law of thermodynamics, as well as the pseudo-Riemannian structure of the Legendre manifold defined in terms of the second derivative matrix of the entropy function in extended irreversible thermodynamics. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 41 (2000), S. 7445-7457 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: In this paper we investigate the kinetic foundation of extended irreversible thermodynamics via the moment method. First we consider the construct of the 1-particle distribution function f in terms of its moments by maximizing the entropy density function. We then project f from its L2 space onto the local thermodynamic variables z=(z1,...,zN) in the thermodynamic base space B(circumflex)N. Thus instead of the Boltzmann equation we consider a set of evolution equations of z in B(circumflex)N. Second, we formulate the laws of thermodynamics governing the variable z in B(circumflex)N. These laws exhibit an intrinsic geometric structure of thermodynamics in the setting of contact geometry. Finally, as an illustration, we discuss the evolution equations for the bulk pressure Pb, heat flux Q, and the symmetric traceless tensor π(two down arrows) corresponding to the viscous and heat conduction irreversible processes. These equations can be formulated as an abstract inhomogeneous hyperbolic evolution equation. By employing the C0 semigroup technique, we discuss the solution of the evolution equation and its asymptotic behavior. We show that thermodynamic stability condition of the system implies asymptotic dynamical stability of the solution and vice versa. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 9617-9623 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report density functional theory calculations, using pseudopotentials with a plane wave basis, of methyl adsorbed on the MoO3(010) surface at 0.5 and 1.0 ML coverages. The MoO3 surface is modeled by a one-layer slab. Methyl is adsorbed most strongly over the terminal oxygen, where methoxy is formed. Over the bridging oxygens, qualitatively different results are obtained depending on the coverage of methyl. At 0.5 ML, methoxy is formed over the bridging oxygens, with an associated relaxation of the surface caused by a repulsion between the methyl and the terminal oxygen. For the 1.0 ML coverage, methyl is not stable and decomposes. Over the asymmetric bridging oxygen, methyl reacts to form formaldehyde and hydroxyl, while over the symmetric bridging oxygen a formyl species and water are produced. The hydroxyl and water are formed via hydrogen transfer to a terminal oxygen. The bonding and reaction of methyl over the various oxygen species are analyzed and discussed using charge density difference plots as well as the crystal orbital overlap projection (COOP). For the 0.5 ML methyl coverage, this analysis shows that the tilting of the terminal oxygen bond weakens this bond slightly. For the 1.0 ML methyl coverage, the COOP plots indicate that the decomposition of methyl over the bridging oxygens is not as stable as methyl over the terminal oxygen because the presence of the carbon fragments affects the electronic structure, and causes a weakening of the Mo–terminal oxygen bond. These results are discussed in the context of partial oxidation reactions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Calcium gluconate (0.0 to 0.5%), sodium gluconate (0.0 to 1.0%), and N-acetylglucosamine (0.0 to 1.0%) were added to skim milk to retain the viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum. To carry out response surface modeling, the regression method was performed on experimental results to build mathematical models. The models were then formulated as an objective function in an optimization problem that was consequently optimized using a genetic algorithm approach to obtain the maximum viability of the probiotics. The genetic algorithms (GAs) were examined to search for the optimal value. The results indicated that GAs were very effective for optimizing the activity of probiotic cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the water-holding capacity (WHC) of fibrinogen/plasma protein gels heated at 75°C for 10 min to develop a new edible gel. The effects of varying the amount of fibrinogen, plasma protein, calcium, and pH were evaluated to optimize the WHC using RSM. Estimation of the overall effects of the 4 factors on the gels revealed that the pH and concentrations of fibrinogen and plasma protein significantly affected the WHC of the gels (p 〈 0.05). The WHC increases with the concentrations of plasma protein only at concentrations lower than 8%. At lower plasma concentrations, fibrinogen addition had only minimal influence on the WHC. The optimum WHC values were predicted by the RSREG procedure of the SAS program. Model verification was performed by additional independent trials, and the resulting experimental values were very close to the predicted ones with no significant difference (p 〉 0.05).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The characteristics of polysaccharides isolated from milk and soymilk kefir grains, and the composition of flavor and volatile compounds from soymilk kefir were investigated. Soymilk kefir grains revealed lower polysaccharide content than milk kefir grains, with a polysaccharide profile consisting primarily of glucose and galactose, with the former predominating. The apparent molecular weight of the polysaccharide was estimated at 1.7 × 106 Da. In comparison to nonfermented soymilk, the concentrations of the key volatile compounds for soymilk kefir (such as acetaldehyde, acetone, diacetyl, and ethanol) increased, while n-hexanal concentration decreased. The acetaldehyde level for soymilk kefir was slightly higher, but levels for the other volatile compounds were lower than for milk kefir.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims:  To investigate the participation of DMBT-1, a candidate tumour suppressor gene, in the development of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma via intraductal papillary neoplasm of the liver (IPN-L) arising in hepatolithiasis. DMBT-1 plays a role in mucosal immune defence.Methods and results:  The expression of DMBT-1 was examined immunohistochemically in biliary epithelial cells in hepatolithiasis (n = 25), invasive and non-invasive cholangiocarcinoma associated with hepatolithiasis (n = 52), IPN-L with hepatolithiasis (n = 49), cholangiocarcinoma without hepatolithiasis (n = 32), and 10 normal control livers. DMBT-1 was expressed more frequently in the biliary epithelia of hepatolithiasis when compared with normal livers (P 〈 0.05). DMBT-1 expression was also frequent in IPN-L (57%) and non-invasive cholangiocarcinoma (79%). By contrast, DMBT-1 was decreased in invasive cholangiocarcinoma with and without hepatolithiasis (50% and 30%, respectively) (P 〈 0.05). The homozygous deletion of the DMBT-1 gene was recognized in four (20%) of 20 cholangiocarcinoma tissues and two (50%) of four cholangiocarcinoma cell lines, corresponding to the reduction of DMBT-1 expression. No deletion was detected in hepatolithiasis tissues.Conclusion:  DMBT-1 expression is increased in IPN-L and non-invasive cholangiocarcinoma as well as in biliary epithelia in hepatolithiasis. Decreased expression of DMBT-1 and homozygous deletion of the DMBT-1 gene in invasive cholangiocarcinoma suggest that they occur in the late stage of cholangiocarcinogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 150 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Most patients with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita develop an autoimmune response to the non-collagenous (NC) 1 domain of type VII collagen. We report a 4-year-old girl of white European descent presenting with widespread blistering disease involving the face, hands, genital area and oral mucosa. Histopathology revealed subepidermal blisters, and linear deposits of IgG and C3 were seen along the dermal-epidermal junction on direct immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy of a perilesional skin biopsy. On indirect IF microscopy, circulating autoantibodies exclusively stained the dermal side of 1 mol L−1 NaCl-split skin. The patient's IgG autoantibodies labelled a 290-kDa protein on Western blotting of dermal extracts, and reacted with the NC1, NC2 and triple helical domains of type VII collagen on immunoblotting of recombinant and cell-derived fragments obtained by pepsin and collagenase digestion of the full-length protein. Oral methylprednisolone and dapsone led to clearance of lesions, which healed with mild scarring and milia formation. Treatment was discontinued after 1 year and the patient has now been in remission for more than 3 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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