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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 9084-9091 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to investigate a model composed of a fluctuating sphere labeled on one chain end of an isolated flexible chain polymer in good solvents. The labeled sphere is to model the instantaneous size of a bound flexible chain segment or a vibrating chromophore on a polymer chain. We assume the vibration of the sphere is governed by a harmoniclike potential, and the sphere size stays positive. We first address the issue regarding the confinement effect induced by a flexible chain. To rationalize the simulation results, we carry out a detailed analysis for a simple case containing a dimer grafted onto a fluctuating sphere. Using the sphere with a large size fluctuation, we find that the fluctuating sphere can be confined within the coiled polymer chain, and even trapped inside the grooves between neighboring monomers. The results imply the confinement effects may influence the properties of chromophores labeled on polymers or drugs bound to biopolymers. Moreover, in a separate study, we show the fluctuating sphere model can be used to fit a bound flexible chain segment, and provides a means to parameterize a polymer chain to a dumbbell, with possible applications in the dynamics of dilute polymer solutions. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Kybernetes 32 (2003), S. 1425-1449 
    ISSN: 0368-492X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The study of spatial entities needs a model that is not only fully observable and controllable, but also computable. Euclidean topology on R2 is a usually used tool for this study, but it has the following two weaknesses. First, there exists some phenomenon of human perception of the spatial entity that cannot be simulated by it. Second, its observation of the basic geometric properties (interior, exterior, boundary) of the spatial entity lacks computability so that the model based on it lacks computability and cannot be directly used to practical systems. Consequently, in this paper, we present another tool for studying spatial entities - raster quasi-topology on R2 and then compare the two tools.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Aircraft engineering and aerospace technology 76 (2004), S. 592-599 
    ISSN: 0002-2667
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Control laws that are based on the nonlinear inverse dynamics (NID) of the aircraft offer the potential for providing improved levels of performance over conventional flight control designs. The NID and its application in the flight control during windshear penetration are introduced here. With the employment of a real engineering windshear model and NID, a low-altitude windshear penetration flight control law is designed. The simulative calculation results indicated that the NID control logic works effectively in the trajectory control of the aircraft during the penetration of windshear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Kybernetes 32 (2003), S. 629-639 
    ISSN: 0368-492X
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Practical needs in geographical information systems (GIS) have led to the investigation of formal, sound and computational methods for spatial analysis. Since models based on topology of R2 have a serious problem of incapability of being applied directly for practical computations, we have noticed that models developed on the raster space can overcome this problem. Because some models based on vector spaces have been effectively used in practical applications, we then introduce the idea of using the raster space as our platform to study spatial entities of vector spaces. In this paper, we use raster spaces to study not only morphological changes of spatial entities of vector spaces, but also equal relations and connectedness of spatial entities of vector spaces. Based on the discovery that all these concepts contain relativity, we then introduce several new concepts, such as observable equivalence, strong connectedness, and weak connectedness. Additionally, we present a possible method of employing raster spaces to study spatial relations of spatial entities of vector spaces. Since the traditional raster spaces could not be used directly, we first construct a new model, called pansystems model, for the concept of raster spaces, then develop a procedure to convert a representation of a spatial entity in vector spaces to that of the spatial entity in a raster space. Such conversions are called approximation mappings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 416 (2002), S. 61-64 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A thermal light-emitting source, such as a black body or the incandescent filament of a light bulb, is often presented as a typical example of an incoherent source and is in marked contrast to a laser. Whereas a laser is highly monochromatic and very directional, a thermal source has a broad ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Nephrology 8 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: SUMMARY:  From April 2000 to April 2001, a total of 108 chronic stable haemodialysed patients (34 males aged 57.76 ± 12.68 years under haemodialysis treatment for 31.41 ± 24.71 months and 74 females aged 54.99 ± 12.87 years under haemodialysis for 41.47 ± 33.47 months) were studied for signs of clinical depression. Depression was measured by using ‘The Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire (TDQ)’. After analysing various possible factors, we chose to study three dimensions: affective change, somatic complaint and cognitive disturbance. Thirty-six (33.4%) of the patients were found to have TDQ scores above 19; our cut-off value. Diabetic patients were also found to have higher depression scores and affective change scores than those without diabetes. The elderly suffered more from somatic complaints, and patients without jobs also tended to have higher depression scores. We compared the nutrition indexes and uraemic toxin removal indexes of those with higher depression scores (score ≥19) with those with normal scores (score 〈19), and we found no differences between the two groups. We found that an underlying disease and job status were the major differences found in the two groups. Therefore, our findings suggest that the depression found in our chronic haemodialysed patients was not a result of the physical conditions, but a result of psychosocial problems indicating a need for psychosocial support for these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 3213-3218 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial self-assembled silicide nanowires can be grown on Si (001) if the magnitude of the lattice mismatch between epilayer and substrate is large along one crystal axis and small along the perpendicular axis. This phenomenon is illustrated with four examples: ScSi2, ErSi2, DySi2, and GdSi2, which have lattice mismatches of −4.6%, 6.3%, 7.6%, and 8.9%, respectively, along one of the Si 〈110〉 directions and mismatches of 0.8%, −1.6%, −0.1%, and 0.8%, respectively, along the perpendicular Si〈110〉 direction. The resulting self-assembled nanowires have widths and heights in the range of 3–11 and 0.2–3 nm, depending on the lattice mismatches. The average lengths of the nanowires are in the range 150–450 nm, and are determined primarily by kinetic issues. The epitaxial growth of silicide nanowires should prove interesting to those studying quasi-one- dimensional systems. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 4004-4006 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By choosing a material that has an appropriate asymmetric lattice mismatch to the host substrate, in this case ErSi2 on Si(001), it is possible to grow one-dimensional epitaxial crystals. ErSi2 nanowires are less than one nanometer high, a few nanometers wide, close to a micron long, crystallographically aligned to 〈110〉Si directions, straight, and atomically regular. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Rapid prototyping journal 9 (2003), S. 122-132 
    ISSN: 1355-2546
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A new design-for-manufacturing method, called the geometric tailoring (GT), and the associated digital interface concept have been developed that enable the design activities to be separated from the manufacturing activities. Conditions for the successful application of this method are investigated. The GT method is demonstrated for rapid prototyping and rapid tooling technologies, where prototype parts are required to match the production properties as closely as possible. This method is embodied in a system called the rapid tooling testbed (RTTB). Research work is presented on GT and the distributed computing environment underlying the RTTB. Examples are summarized from the usage of this method and testbed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    CardioVascular & interventional radiology 23 (2000), S. 22-25 
    ISSN: 1432-086X
    Keywords: Key words: Artery, subclavian—Port catheter system—Complications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of a percutaneous Port-Catheter System (PCS) implanted via the subclavian artery (SCA) for regional chemotherapy or chemoembolization of thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic malignant tumors. Methods: Percutaneous puncture of the SCA was performed in 256 patients with thoracic, abdominal, or pelvic malignant tumors; then a catheter was inserted into the target artery. After the first transcatheter chemotherapy or chemoembolization with an emulsion of lipiodol and anticancer agents, an indwelling catheter was introduced with its tip placed in the target artery and its end subcutaneously connected to a port. Results: The procedure was successfully completed in all 256 cases (100%). The indwelling catheter tip was satisfactorily placed in the target arteries in 242 cases (98%). Complications attributable to the procedure occurred in 20 (7.8%) cases, including pneumothorax (n = 10, 4%), hemothorax (n = 1, 0.4%), infections in the pocket (n = 4, 1.6%), and hematoma at the puncture site (n = 5, 2%). There were no severe sequelae or deaths. The duration of PCS usage was 1–36 months (median 9.5 months). During the course of treatment, occlusion of the target artery occurred in 20 cases (7.8%). Dislocation of the tip of the indwelling catheter occurred in 12 cases (4.7%); in 10 of the 12, the tip of the indwelling catheter was repositioned into the target artery. In all 10 cases no large symptomatic hematomas developed after the PCS was removed. Conclusion: Percutaneous PCS implantation via the left SCA, a relatively new procedure, is a safe and less invasive treatment approach than surgical placement for malignancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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