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  • 2000-2004  (20)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sustainable Urban-Drainage Systems and Catchment Planning (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Partnership initiatives to address the problem of diffuse pollution from impermeable surface runoff within urban catchments are reviewed, with particular reference to mutual stakeholder duties and interests which are vested in the regulatory agencies, planning authorities, developers, water companies and highway agencies within the UK. The role of ‘sustainable urban-drainage systems’within integrated catchment-based approaches is considered in the context of the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive and strategic river-basin management planning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2002.tb00418.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infiltration Systems: A Sustainable Source-Control Option for Urban Stormwater Quality Management? (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 14 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Source control is regarded as a key principle in supporting concepts of sustainable management and integrated pollution control for diffuse non-point stormwater runoff, with infiltration procedures being a prime component of such source-control systems. The potential conflicts between the benefits of groundwater recharge and the risks to long-term groundwater quality uncertainties associated with infiltration disposal are considered. The long-term performance of a number of infiltration systems is reported in terms of their pollutant removal efficiencies, and the utility of an infiltration acceptability matrix approach is reviewed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2000.tb00222.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of gingival overgrowth in transplant patients immunosuppressed with tacrolimus (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aims: The study aims to determine the prevalence and severity of gingival overgrowth in a group of adult organ transplant recipients immunosuppressed with tacrolimus in comparison with ciclosporin, and to examine various risk factors for the development of gingival overgrowth.Methods: Forty patients taking tacrolimus were compared with 197 ciclosporin patients. Demographic, pharmacological and periodontal data were recorded for all patients. Comparison between the groups was made using independent sample t-tests, χ2 statistic or Mann–Whitney test. The effects of risk variables on overgrowth severity were examined using forward and backward stepwise regression analysis.Results: Those taking tacrolimus had a significantly lower mean gingival overgrowth score (14.1%) compared with ciclosporin (22.4%). Fifteen percent of the tacrolimus group had clinically significant gingival overgrowth compared with 30% in the ciclosporin group (p=0.053).Conclusions: The prevalence and severity of gingival overgrowth is less in adult transplant patients taking tacrolimus compared with ciclosporin. Concomitant use of calcium channel blockers and previous medication with ciclosporin are significant risk factors for the presence and severity of gingival overgrowth. Patients who have alteration of their immunosuppressant from ciclosporin to tacrolimus may persist in demonstrating gingival overgrowth attributable to their ongoing therapy with calcium channel blockers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0303-6979.2004.00459.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Risk factors for drug-induced gingival overgrowth (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background/Aims: Drug-induced gingival overgrowth remains a significant problem for the periodontologist. Many patients medicated with the drugs implicated in this unwanted effect experience significant, recurrent gingival problems that require repeated surgical excisions. In this review, we attempt to identify and quantify the various “risk factors” associated with both the development and expression of the drug-induced gingival changes.Method: The risk factors appraised include age, sex, drug variables, concomitant medication, periodontal variables and genetic factors. Elucidation of such factors may help to identify “at risk patients” and then develop appropriate treatment strategies.Results: Of the factors identified, the only one that can be affected by the periodontologist is the patents' periodontal condition. However, drug variables and concomitant medication do impact upon the expression of gingival overgrowth.Conclusion: The identificatioin of risk factors associated with both the prevalence and severity of drug-induced gingival overgrowth is important for all parties involved with this unwanted effect. Both periodontologist and patient have an important rôle to play in improving oral hygiene and gingival health. Likewise, there is always an opportinity to establish a close liaison between the patient's physician and the periodontologist to try and identify alternative drug regimens that can help reduce the impact of this unwanted effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027004217.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photographic scoring of gingival overgrowth (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: A wide range of methods have been employed to determine the severity of gingival overgrowth resulting in uncertainty regarding the prevalence of the side-effect. There is no simple, non-invasive, objective, blind method for assessing gingival overgrowth.Aim: This article aims to describe a method which is suitable for use in large-scale population studies.Materials and Methods: Photographs were taken of the anterior, buccal gingivae and teeth of 925 patients medicated with calcium channel blockers. In addition, each patient was ascribed a clinical gingival overgrowth score. 100 patients had repeat photographs, and a further 10 patients had alginate impressions taken. The models were scored for severity of gingival overgrowth using a described technique. The slides were scored using a modification of this technique.Results: When photographic and study model scores were compared, photographic scores were consistently higher, and as a result, a photographic score of 38.6% was considered to represent a significant overgrowth. There was good agreement between clinically determined scores and photographic scores (κ=0.71).Conclusions: The results indicate that this method is suitable for large-scale population studies where it also has the advantage of providing a continuous scale of gingival changes for subsequent statistical analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.2001.280112.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiovascular diseases and periodontology (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 30 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Cardiovascular diseases represent a widespread heterogeneous group of conditions that have significant morbidity and mortality. The various diseases and their treatments can have an impact upon the periodontium and the delivery of periodontal care.Aim:  In this paper we consider three main topics and explore their relationship to the periodontist and the provision of periodontal treatment.Method:  The areas reviewed include the effect of cardiovascular drugs on the periodontium and management of patients with periodontal diseases; the risk of infective endocarditis arising from periodontal procedures; the inter-relationship between periodontal disease and coronary artery disease.Results and conclusions:  Calcium-channel blockers and β-adrenoceptor blockers cause gingival overgrowth and tooth demineralisation, respectively. Evidence suggests that stopping anticoagulant therapy prior to periodontal procedures is putting patients at a greater risk of thromboembolic disorders compared to the risk of prolonged bleeding. The relationship between dentistry and infective endocarditis remains a controversial issue. It would appear that spontaneous bacteraemia arising from a patient's oral hygiene practices is more likely to be the cause of endocarditis than one-off periodontal procedures. The efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis is uncertain (and unlikely to be proven), and the risk of death from penicillin appears to be greater than the risk of death arising from infective endocarditis. Finally, the association between periodontal disease and coronary artery disease has been explored and there seem to be many issues with respect to data handling interpretation. Many putative mechanisms have been suggested; however, these only further highlight the need for intervention studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.2003.00291.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma TGF-β1 as a risk factor for gingival overgrowth (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 31 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and Aims: Induction of the pro-fibrotic growth factor TGF-β1 has been suggested as a possible mechanism through which immunosuppressant drugs may induce gingival overgrowth. This study aims to investigate plasma levels of TGF-β1 and relate them to the development and severity of gingival overgrowth in immunosuppressed transplant patients.Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty-two ciclosporin-treated and 13 tacrolimus-treated transplant patients and 24 drug-free control subjects underwent a full periodontal examination including a determination of the presence and severity of gingival overgrowth.Results: Plasma TGF-β1 concentrations were determined by ELISA, and were found to be significantly elevated in samples from the transplant patients (mean=29.1 ng/ml) as compared with controls (mean=6.1 ng/ml, p〈0.0001). There was no significant difference between the levels of plasma TGF-β1 in the ciclosporin- and tacrolimus-treated patient groups.Conclusions: Furthermore, concomitant treatment with calcium channel blockers did not influence the levels of plasma TGF-β1 in the patients group. The relationship between gingival overgrowth, independent periodontal variables and TGF-β1 plasma concentrations was examined using univariate and multivariate regression analyses; low TGF-β1 plasma concentrations were found to be a risk factor for gingival overgrowth in immunosuppressed patients concomitantly receiving a calcium channel blocker.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00572.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hexapole magnet system for thermal energy 3He atom manipulation (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 3834-3841 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We present design and construction details for a novel high field, small bore permanent hexapole magnet. The design is intended for focusing atomic beams of 3He at thermal energies. The magnet uses an optimized polepiece design which includes vacuum gaps to enable its use with high intensity atomic and molecular beams. The 0.3 m long, 1 mm internal radius magnet achieves a polepiece tip field of 1.1 T using NdFeB permanent magnets and Permendur 49 polepieces. The polepiece shanks are designed to saturate so that the hexapole properties are determined predominantly by the shape of the polepiece tip. The performance of the hexapole assembly is demonstrated with an 8 meV 3He beam in the beam source of the Cambridge spin echo spectrometer and the measured focused beam results show excellent agreement with theoretical predictions and negligible beam attenuation. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1405794
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Current–voltage characteristics of a GaAs Schottky diode accounting for leakage paths (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 124-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Many fabricated Schottky diodes exhibit significant deviations from the theoretically calculated current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of ideal Schottky diodes. Attempts have been made to account for this deviation using interface states or surface state densities. Previous models have used the interfacial layer model to analyze the nonideal I–V characteristics of a GaAs Schottky barrier. We show here how nonideal behavior can be explained by considering surface leakage currents and material resistance. The standard figure of merit of Schottky diodes is the ideality factor, which can be obtained from measurements of δV/δ ln(I). By taking into account device resistance and shunt leakage paths with physically appropriate parameters, a relationship between δV/δ ln(I) and voltage can be established, which yields a better understanding of transport across the interface(s) of real Schottky diodes. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125677
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absence of evidence for porcine circovirustype 2 in cattle and humans, and lack of seroconversion or lesions in experimentally infected sheep (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 145 (2000), S. 853-857 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. No antibodies to porcine circovirus type 2 were detected in sera from cattle, sheep and humans. Experimental infection of lambs with this virus failed to produce lesions or seroconversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050678
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