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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Matrix metalloproteinases and TIMP-1 production by peripheral blood granulocytes from COPD patients and asthmatics (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Both asthmatic and COPD patients were found to have increased amounts of granulocytes and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in their sputum. The present study was conducted to investigate whether the elevated amounts of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 found in such patients' airways may be linked to an enhanced secretion by granulocytes. Blood granulocytes from asthmatics (n=10), COPD patients (n=11), and healthy controls (n=11) were isolated and cultured under basal conditions or after stimulation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine (fMLP). MMP-9 activity was detected by zymography while MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels were measured by ELISA. In zymography, pro- and activated forms of MMP-9 were present in each group (healthy subjects, asthmatics, and COPD patients). Spontaneous release was not different between the three groups. Stimulation by fMLP and PMA increased to a similar extent the release of MMP-9 by granulocytes in all the three groups. TIMP-1 levels were also increased after stimulation by PMA and fMLP only in healthy subjects and COPD patients. MMP-8 levels were barely detectable. We conclude that circulating granulocytes from COPD patients and asthmatics do not display an abnormal secretion of MMP-9, and that granulocytes from asthmatics have an impaired ability to release TIMP-1 upon stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.056002145.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fetal renal artery flow and renal echogenicity in the chronically hypoxic state (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 14 (2000), S. 393-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words Fetus ; Renal hyperechogenicity ; Renal artery ; Ultrasound ; Vascular resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The object of this study was to investigate the fetal renal arterial blood flow in normal and hyperechogenic kidneys during the third trimester of gestation. The pregnancies screened were all chronically hypoxic. Depending on the etiology of the intrauterine chronic hypoxia, the cases were divided into two study groups. Group I comprised 120 pregnant women with pregnancy-associated hypertension and/or proteinuria. Group II consisted of 87 pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation. Both study groups included pregnant women from the third trimester. Hyperechogenic renal medullae were detected in 15 out of 120 cases with pregnancy-associated hypertension and/or proteinuria, and in 22 fetuses of the 87 pregnancies involving intrauterine growth retardation. Fetal renal hyperechogenicity appears to be an indicator of fetal arterial circulatory depression, correlated with pathological changes in the resistance index for the fetal renal arteries. The fetal renal arterial blood flow resistance index was significantly lower in hyperechogenic cases. This may also be an in utero indication of subsequent intrauterine and neonatal complications, such as cesarean section because of fetal distress (43%), treatment in a neonatal intensive care unit (51%) or increased perinatal mortality (5.4%, as compared with 0.8–1.0% in the normal population). Detailed ultrasound and Doppler examinations of renal parenchyma and arteries appear to be useful methods in the prenatal diagnosis of reduced renal perfusion and of intrauterine hypoxia to detect possible pathological fetal conditions in utero.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050781
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