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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What would Machiavelli think? An overview of the leadership challenges in team-based structures (2004)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Team performance management 10 (2004), S. 77-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1352-7592
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The writings of Niccolò Machiavelli continue to resonate with today's business leaders. Current management literature still focuses on tactics to increase power as a means to ensure a leadership position. This attention to individual accomplishment and the building of power runs counter to what is happening structurally within organizations. The acceleration in the use of team-based structures as a preferred method of organization and decision making reflects the need for timelier processing of information in a world of increased environmental uncertainty. This contrast between the behaviors needed to build individual power and the collaborative skills necessitated by team-based structures creates a number of leadership challenges for individuals and organizations. This article discusses these challenges from both a theory-based and a practitioner standpoint, assesses the implications for organizational managers and individual team members, and offers recommendations for leadership effectiveness in a work world dominated by team-based design.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13527590410545072
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    catena-Poly[[dicyanamidobis(3-hydroxypyridine-N)copper(II)]-μ-dicyanamido] (2001)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 57 (2001), S. m421-m423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5368
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: In the crystal structure of the title compound, [CuII{N(CN)2}2(C5H5NO)2], the geometry around the copper(II) ion is distorted square pyramidal, with the basal plane formed by the N atoms of two 3-hydroxypyridine molecules, one N atom of a bidentate dicyanamide anion and one N atom of a monodentate dicyanamide anion. The apical position is occupied by an N atom of a bidentate dicyanamide anion, forming a one-dimensional polymeric chain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S160053680101460X
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methodological rigour within a qualitative framework (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of advanced nursing 48 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2648
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim.  This paper discusses the literature on establishing rigour in research studies. It describes the methodological trinity of reliability, validity and generalization and explores some of the issues relating to establishing rigour in naturalistic inquiry.Background.  Those working within the naturalistic paradigm have questioned the issue of using validity, reliability and generalizability to demonstrate robustness of qualitative research. Triangulation has been used to demonstrate confirmability and completeness and has been one means of ensuring acceptability across paradigms. Emerging criteria such as goodness and trustworthiness can be used to evaluate the robustness of naturalistic inquiry.Discussion.  It is argued that the transference of terms across paradigms is inappropriate; however, if we reject the concepts of validity and reliability, we reject the concept of rigour. Rejection of rigour undermines acceptance of qualitative research as a systematic process that can contribute to the advancement of knowledge. Emerging criteria for demonstrating robustness in qualitative inquiry, such as authenticity, trustworthiness and goodness, need to be considered. Goodness, when not seen as a separate construct but as an integral and embedded component of the research process, should be useful in assuring quality of the entire study. Triangulation is a tried and tested means of offering completeness, particularly in mixed-method research. When multiple types of triangulation are used appropriately as the ‘triangulation state of mind’, they approach the concept of crystallization, which allows for infinite variety of angles of approach.Conclusion.  Qualitative researchers need to be explicit about how and why they choose specific legitimizing criteria in ensuring the robustness of their inquiries. A shift from a position of fundamentalism to a more pluralistic approach as a means of legitimizing naturalistic inquiry is advocated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03207.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    What price career success? (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Career development international 8 (2003), S. 126-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1362-0436
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The recent financial collapses of high profile US-based corporations owing to legally-questionable practices have led management theorists to search for answers as to how and why these ethical lapses were able to occur. This article examines the possibility that a company's culture and internal control systems can have such a profound influence on middle managers and executives that they are willing to violate ethical and legal standards in the name of career success. This article reviews how career success is presently defined from an individual and an organizational standpoint and how this definition can be at odds with the realities of organizational culture and internal control systems. It also discusses how perspectives on the relationship between employers and employees can affect individual career management practices. Finally, the article presents ways for individuals to view career success and manage their careers to avoid the traps of an influential corporate culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13620430310471032
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    catena-Poly[[bis(nitrato)(pyrimidine)copper(II)]-μ-pyrimidine-N:N′] (2000)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 56 (2000), S. e380-e381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The title compound, [Cu(NO3)2(C4H4N2)2]n, crystallizes as a linear polymeric compound with one pyrimidine ligand bridging between two CuII atoms and a second pyrimidine ligand coordinated in a monodentate manner. The distorted octahedral geometry around the CuII atom consists of two pyrimidine N atoms at distances of 2.033 (4) and 2.025 (4) Å, and two nitrate O atoms at distances at 1.987 (3) and 1.973 (3) Å. The apical positions are occupied by an N atom of a bridging pyrimidine ligand [2.291 (4) Å] and a nitrate O atom at a long distance of 2.781 (3) Å. The basal plane is almost planar, with trans angles of 176.23 (14) and 165.34 (15)°.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S010827010001101X
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Representation of formal dispute with astanding order (2000)
    Springer
    Artificial intelligence and law 8 (2000), S. 205-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8382
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Law
    Notes: Abstract Computational dialectics is concerned with the formal representation of argument and dispute. The field emerged from developments in philosophy, artificial intelligence and legal theory. Its goal is to suggestalgorithms, procedures and protocols to investigate the tenability of logical claims, on the basis of information in the form of rules and cases. Currently, the field slowlyconverges to the opinion that dispute is the most fair and effective way to investigate claims. The basic assumption of this field is that dispute is the most fair and effective way to investigate claims. The definition of a formal dispute varies throughout the literature, butis considered not to vary within one and the same logical system. In this paper it is shown that parts of the definition of a dispute may change within one logical system.To this end, the notion of partial protocol specification (PPS) is introduced. A PPS is a part of the definition of the protocol. A modification to the protocol, in the form of a PPS, can be put forward, disputed, established and incorporated as aneffective `point of order’. The paper demonstrates the existence of self-undermining PPSs, it discusses the relevance of PPSs for dialectical models of legal argument and concludes with a description of how PPSs can be built into existing argumentation systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008304521924
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure and spectroscopy of bis-[bis(2-benzimidazolyl)propane]copper(II) bis(triflate)monohydrate, a copper complex with a geometry intermediate between tetrahedral and square planar (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 30 (2000), S. 793-797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: copper ; bis(benzimidazoles) ; crystal structure ; infrared
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of a mononuclear copper(II) compound with the ligand bis(2-benzimidazolyl)propane (abbreviated as tbz) is reported. The compound [Cu(tbz)2](CF3SO3)2(H2O) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P $$\bar 1$$ , with a = 12.363(6), b = 13.218(9), c = 15.365(8) Å, α = 82.74(5), β = 68.04(4), γ = 65.30(5), and Z = 2. The Cu(II) atom has a geometry intermediate between tetrahedral and square planar, consisting of four nitrogen atoms of two tbz ligands. The Cu—N—Cu angles are about 135°, while the dihedral angle between them amounts to 62° (0° for square planar and 90° for a tetrahedron). Ligand field bands are observed at 10.2 × 103, 13.8 × 103, and 20.3 × 103 cm−1, while the most characteristic infrared vibrations of the triflate anion are observed at 1273, 1260, 1238, 1221, 1171, and 1157 cm−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013276325343
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Redox processes in recent sediments of the river Meuse, The Netherlands (2000)
    Springer
    Biogeochemistry 48 (2000), S. 217-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-515X
    Keywords: diagenesis ; modelling ; organic matter ; pore water ; redox ; sediment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Pore-water concentrations of inorganic solutes were measured at four locations in a recent sedimentation area of the river Meuse in The Netherlands. The pore-water concentration profiles were interpreted using the steady state one-dimensional reaction/transport model STEADYSED1. This model explicitly accounts for the organic matter degradation pathways and secondary redox reactions. Results show that the model reproduces the measured pore-water profiles of redox species reasonably well, although significant divergence is observed for pH. The latter is due to the absence of pH buffering by CaCO3 in the model. At all locations, methanogenesis is the major pathway of organic matter degradation below 3 cm from the sediment-water interface. However, organic matter degradation rates by methanogenesis may be overestimated, because methane ebullition is not included. Differences in profiles of redox-sensitive ions among the four locations are explained by differences in depositional conditions, in particular the sediment accumulation rate and supply of organic matter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006268325889
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystal structure and spectroscopy of a most unusual Cu(II) coordination compound containing an infinite chain of lattice ligand interwoven with stacked sheets of neutral bis(2-aminopyrimidine-bridged) copper ions: X-ray structure of [Cu(ampym)2(H2O)2(CF3SO3)2](ampym)2(ampym)2 (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 30 (2000), S. 11-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: aminopyrimidine ; copper ; stacking ; hydrogen bonding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Reaction of Cu(II) triflate with an excess of 2-aminopyrimidine (ampym) in ethanol followed by slow crystallization results in a most unusual crystal lattice, which can be considered as consisting of two interpenetrating sublattices. The compound analyzes as [Cu(ampym)2(H2O)2(CF3SO3)2(ampym)4]. Crystal data: Triclinic, P $$\overline 1$$ , a = 7.6179(5), b = 11.4311(14), c = 11.8373(13) Å, α = 84.098(9), β = 79.998(7), γ = 84.253(8)°, Vol = 1010.151(8) Å, Z = 1, Dcalc = 1.592 g/cm3. One part of the lattice consists of the unprecendented linear chain of neutral ampym molecules; the chain is built up by Watson–Crick type bis-hydrogen bonds between imine N atoms and N-H groups of the NH2. This ampym chain is apparently stabilized by the other part in the crystal lattice, which can best be described by starting from the centrosymmetric trans-CuII(ampym)2(H2O)2 ion (Cu-N = 2.01 Å; Cu-O = 1.94 Å). This Cu ion is coordinated by two monodentate ampym ligands, two water molecules and two semi-coordinating triflate oxygen atoms. The Cu chromophore is held in position by hydrogen bonding towards a triflate ion (two times for symmetry reasons), and (again two times) a free ampym ligand. The triflate ion bridges a water hydrogen to a next-neighboring free ampym ligand. The noncoordinating ampym molecule has four bonding sites, of which two are used in H-bonding with the coordinated ligand, one with the triflate and the last one with the water hydrogen atom. The noncoordination ampym molecules in this sublattice finally form aromatic stacks with coordinated ampym and with itself in pairs (ring-ring distance 3.77-3.80 Å).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009533729785
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, spectroscopy, and X-ray structure of the polymer catena-[bis(azido-N)-copper(II)-μ-bis(2-benzimidazolyl)butane] (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 30 (2000), S. 69-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: azido ; crystal structure ; copper(II) ; infrared ; polymeric
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The title compound, catena-[bis(azido-N)-copper(II)-μ(bis(2-benzimidazolyl)butane), [Cu(C18H18N4)(N3)2]n, was obtained from the reaction of the ligand bis(2-benzimidazolyl)butane and Cu(N3)2. The x-ray crystal structure is reported. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a = 8.2524(10), b = 12.765(5), c = 9.1125(15) Å, β = 106.423(12)°, Z = 2. The Cu(II) ions are square-planar coordinated with trans-oriented end-on binding azido ligands. The structure is a polynuclear chain with the benzimidazole bridging at each end. In addition a N(ligand)-H···N(azido) H-bridge [N(ligand)···N(azido) = 2.994(7) Å] is present, resulting in a pseudo 2-dimensional lattice. The characteristic azido infrared vibrations are found at 2060 and 2077 cm−1 (νas(N3)) and 1284 and 1297 cm−1 (ν(N3)).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009506418398
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