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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 31 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  Chewing side preference is a factor that could effect prosthodontic treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether chewing side was another type of hemispheric lateralization comparable with footedness, handedness, eyedness and earedness. Chewing side preference was tested in 189 subjects of whom 84 were partially edentulous, 98 had a full compliment of dental units (81 included implant-supported restoration restoring the missing teeth and 17 with fully intact dentitions), and seven were fully edentulous, restored with complete dentures. Laterality tests were carried out for the first cycle of mastication, handedness, footedness, earedness and eyedness and patient questionnaire. Most patients preferred chewing on the right side (78ḃ3%) and were right sided. Chewing side preference correlated with other tested hemispherical lateralities. Missing teeth, occlusion type, lateral guidance, gender, implant-supported restorations and complete dentures do not affect the side preference for chewing. This presents a strong argument that chewing side preference is centrally controlled and provides food for thought regarding its significance in prosthodontics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 29 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Variations in the bulk of wash in a putty-wash impression technique can result in dimensional changes proportional to the thickness of the wash material during setting. The purpose of the study was to determine the amount of wash necessary to achieve accurate stone models while using a two-step putty-wash impression technique with polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impression material. A total of 45 impressions were made of a stainless steel master model, 15 impressions for each wash thickness (1, 2 and 3 mm). The model contained three full-crown abutment preparations, which were used as the positive control. Accuracy was assessed by measuring six dimensions (occlusogingival and interabutments) on stone dies poured from impressions of the master model. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant differences amongst the three wash bulk groups, for all occlusogingival and interabutment measurements (P 〈 0·001). The overall discrepancies of the groups using wash thickness of 1 and 2 mm were smaller than the group with 3 mm wash thickness. Therefore, wash bulks of 1 and 2 mm were most accurate for fabricating stone dies, using PVS impression materials. This can be achieved by using the temporary crown to create the desired wash space in the preliminary putty impression. Wash thickness 〉 2 mm was inadequate to obtain accurate stone dies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 2232-2236 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The transition from sputtered Al to electroplated Cu interconnects for future microelectronic devices has led to an interest in understanding the relationships between the microstructure and texture of Cu that might impact electrical performance, similar to what has been done for Al. Electroplated Cu undergoes a recrystallization at room temperature that is related to the presence of organic and inorganic additives in the plating bath. As plated, the Cu grains are small (approx. 0.1 μm) and equiaxed, but over a period of hours to days, recrystallization results in grains several microns in size. We observe a significant weakening of the strong as-plated (111) texture by x-ray diffraction pole figure measurements and an increase in the level of randomness. We propose that multiple twinning is the leading mechanism for this phenomenon. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 809-811 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: At the new Munich high flux reactor FRM-II, the Munich Accelerator for Fission Fragments (MAFF) is under development. The main objective will be the production and study of new very heavy elements (Z〉100). To obtain this goal, intense beams of neutron rich isotopes (70〈A〈160) are required. Thermal neutron induced fission is considered the most suitable method to produce these isotopes due to the large fission cross section and high thermal neutron flux (〉1014 n/s*cm2) available at the new reactor. The target ion source design is based on the ANUBIS source at OSIRIS in Studvik, optimized for very high neutron fluxes. Using 1 g of 235U diluted in a graphite target, intensities of several 1011 ions/s for 91Kr, 132Sn, or 144Cs, e.g., are expected after mass separation. These singly charged ions will be charge bred in an electron cyclotron resonance ion source and then injected into the MAFF-LINAC to reach the energies at the Coulomb barrier. The production of intense ion beams of neutron rich isotopes by thermal neutron induced fission, the development of the target ion source, and the development of the fission target will be presented. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 369-372 (Oct. 2001), p. 547-554 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Hörstörung ; Prävalenz ; Konnatale Hörstörungen ; Erworbene Hörstörungen ; Progredienz ; Infektionen ; Kinder ; Keywords Hearing loss ; Prevalence ; Connatal hearing loss ; Acquired hearing loss ; Progressive hearing loss ; Infections ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The results of international investigations on connatally acquired hearing loss are compared with the data of the German Registry on Childhood Hearing Loss (4058 cases). The connatal hearing disorders have shown a notable change in the last years regarding to aetiology and prevalence. In contrast to countries of the third world in developed nations the prevalence of permanent childhood hearing loss has been reduced down to 1 in 1.000 births. The results let assume a prevalence of approximately 1:1.200 births in Germany. For instance the number of rubella embryopathia decreased effectively. In contrast CMV infections and alcohol fetopathia are playing an increasing role. In the patients of the German Registry on Childhood Hearing Loss the percentage of certainly progressive hearing loss is 10.3 within the 4058 children with permanent hearing impairment. Diagnostic procedures first of all for the early diagnosis of CMV but also of toxoplasmosis are considerable because these infections may result in treatable hearing loss. Also consequent hearing tests are demanded in children with alcohol fetopathia.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Daten internationaler Studien zu angeborenen erworbenen Hörstörungen mit den Ergebnissen aus 4058 Fällen im Deutschen Zentralregister für kindliche Hörstörungen (DZH) verglichen und ausgewertet. Die angeborenen Erkrankungen des Hörvermögens haben innerhalb der letzten Jahre bezüglich Ätiologie und Prävalenz einen deutlichen Wandel erlebt. Im Gegensatz zu Ländern der 3. Welt ist die Prävalenz permanenter kindlicher Hörstörungen in den westlichen Industrienationen auf ca. 1:1.000 gesunken. In Deutschland liegt die Prävalenz nach ersten Ergebnissen des DZH bei ca. 1,2:1.000. So ist beispielsweise der Anteil der Rötelnembryopathien stark zurückgegangen. Dagegen spielen heute die Zytomegalievirus-(CMV)-Infektion und die Alkoholfetopathie eine größere Rolle. Im Patientenkollektiv des DZH mit 4058 permanent hörgestörten Kindern beträgt der Anteil gesichert progredienter Verläufe 10,3%. Diagnostische Verfahren, vor allem zur Früherkennung von CMV und Toxoplasmose, gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Ebenso ist eine konsequente Hördiagnostik auch bei Kindern mit Alkoholfetopathie zu fordern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kindliche Hörstörungen ; Hörscreening ; Risikofaktoren ; Prävalenz ; Keywords Childhood hearing loss ; Auditory screening ; Risk factors ; Prevalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Objective: This prospective study reports on the prevalence of hearing impairment in an at-risk neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) population. Design: From 1990 to 1998, 1062 neonates were screened with the use of transitory evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA). Results: 934 infants passed the primary screen for both ears, 75 for one ear, adding up to 95%. 17 infants (1.6%) were lost to follow-up. In forteen infants (1.3%), bilateral hearing impairment above 30dB was confirmed. While all children with hearing impairment belonged to the group of 862 children receiving aminoglycosides, only one of them presented no other risk factors. In twelve of the hearing impaired children other anamnestic factors, i.e. dysmorphism, prenatal rubella or cytomegaly, family history of hearing loss or severe peri- and postnatal complications seem to be more probable causes of the identified hearing loss. In one of these children, delayed onset or progression of hearing loss is suspected. Conclusions: From our data, aminoglycosides are not an important risk factor for hearing impairment, when serum levels are continuously monitored, as in our cohort. After adjustment for other risk factors, birth weight between 1000 gr and 1500 gr and a gestational age between 29 and 31 weeks were no predictive markers for hearing impairment. It might be speculated that the improved medical treatment in a NICU reduces the probability of hearing impairment for those two groups. Conductive hearing loss as a possible additional cause for hearing impairment was not studied in detail, but the high percentage of malformations detected (four out of fourteen hearing impaired infants) demands further monitoring, close follow-up, adequate treatment and counselling.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer prospektiven Studie wurde die Prävalenz persistierender Hörstörungen in einer Gruppe von Neugeborenen bestimmt, die von Dezember 1990 bis Dezember 1998 in der Klinik für Neonatologie und Kinderheilkunde in Behandlung waren und von der Klinik für Audiologie und Phoniatrie des Universitätsklinikums Benjamin Franklin der FU Berlin untersucht wurden, weil sie Risikofaktoren für Hörstörungen aufwiesen. Im genannten Zeitraum wurden 1062 Kinder mit transitorisch evozierten otoakustischen Emissionen (TEOAE) bzw. mit akustisch evozierten Potentialen (BERA) untersucht. Bei 934 Kindern konnte auf beiden, bei weiteren 75 Kindern auf einem Ohr das Vorliegen einer gravierenden Hörstörung ausgeschlossen werden (zusammen 95% der untersuchten Kinder). Bei 22 Kindern (2,1%) erfolgte ein Ausschluss einer gravierenden Hörstörung durch andere Stellen, bei 17 Kindern (1,6%) erfolgte keine Abklärung. Zwei dieser Kinder sind zwischenzeitlich verstorben; 14 Kinder (1,3% der Untersuchten) erwiesen sich als vermutlich oder gesichert hörgestört (Hörverlust über 30 dB). Alle diese Kinder hatten in der Neugeborenenphase Aminoglykoside erhalten, aber nur bei einem war dies der einzige Risikofaktor. Bei 12 der 14 Kinder liegen anamnestische Risiken wie kraniofaziale Dysmorphien, pränatale Röteln- oder CMV-Infektion, familiäre Belastung oder schwere peri- und postnatale Komplikationen vor, die als wahrscheinlichste Ursache der Hörstörung gelten können. Bei einem dieser Kinder war zunächst eine gravierende Hörstörung ausgeschlossen worden (BERA-Werte 30 dB beidseits), es wird eine progrediente oder durch Einflüsse nach der Neugeborenenzeit mitverursachte Hörstörung vermutet. Nach unseren Daten scheint die Aminoglykosidgabe daher keine Rolle als Risikofaktor zu spielen, wenn die Serumspiegel überwacht werden (wie das bei den untersuchten Kindern der Fall war). Keines der hörgestörten Kinder wies als einzigen weiteren Risikofaktor ein Gestationsalter zwischen 29 und 31 SSW oder ein Geburtsgewicht zwischen 1000 und 1500 g auf. Wir vermuten daher, dass durch den Fortschritt in der intensivmedizinischen Versorgung von Frühgeborenen diese Merkmale allein kein erhöhtes Risiko für Hörstörungen mehr darstellen. Vorübergehende Schalleitungsstörungen durch Paukenerguss wurden nicht im Detail untersucht. Der relativ hohe Anteil von Hörstörungen in Verbindung mit kraniofazialen Dysmorphien (4 von 14 hörgestörten Kindern) bedeutet, dass dieser Risikogruppe hohe Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt werden sollte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Keywords: Key words Respiratory syncytial virus ; Infancy ; Obstructive airway disease ; RSV test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background: In this study we investigated the frequency, symptoms and predisposing factors of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection during the 1st year of life in infants with obstructive airway disease in comparison with infants without airway disease. Patients: We enrolled 216 infants in their 1st year of life, who were hospitalized because of obstructive airway disease. As an age- and sex-balanced control group, we examined 133 infants hospitalized for other reasons than airway disease. Method: A deep pharyngeal swab was taken from all infants and immediately examined for the presence of RSV antigen by using an enzyme immunoassay (Directigen®). Patient data were surveyed by a questionnaire. Results: The frequency of RSV infections among infants with obstructive airway disease (34.3%; n = 74) differed significantly from the control group (15%; n = 20; p 〈 0.01). The frequency of RSV-infected infants with obstructive airway disease decreased with age ranging from 39.1% in trimenon I to 29.0% in trimenon IV. This trend was not observed in the control group. With respect to clinical symptoms and risk factors, there were no differences between RSV-infected versus noninfected infants. Conclusion: RSV is an important agent causing lower obstructive airway disease (34.3% of all patients). There are no specific symptoms that can be used for diagnosing RSV infection. In order to prevent other patients on the ward from contracting nosocomial RSV infection and in the light of therapeutic options, one should test newly admitted patients presenting with symptoms of an obstructive airway disease for RSV antigen. On a ward with high-risk patients, we would recommend the use of an RSV test for all new patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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