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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 408-412 (Aug. 2002), p. 949-954 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 368 (2000), S. 281-287 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Spinach and radish grown from seeds were each contaminated with 4 different amounts of cadmium. After a cell breakdown of the eatable parts and centrifugation of the resulting homogenates all supernatants (cytosols) were separated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The size-range of the GPC method used was about 20–8000 kDa for globular proteins. The high molecular weight (HMW-Cd-SP, 150–700 kDa) and the low molecular weight Cd species (LMW-Cd-SP, 〈 150 kDa) in all plant cytosols eluted at about the same retention volume by GPC. The most important Cd binding form in the cytosols of all plants was found to be HMW-Cd-SP. The Cd elution maxima were detected in the range of about 200 kDa. The Cd determinations were performed with ET-AAS by means of matrix modifier. By incubating chosen cytosols with a proteinase before the GPC it was verified that the HMW-Cd-SP in both vegetables are Cd proteins. The molar proportions protein/Cd were about 2–6 in the respective GPC fractions of the HMW-Cd-SP of the highest contaminated plants. The GPC fractions of the HMW-Cd-SP of spinach and radish were further separated by a preparative, native and continuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) method. At pH 8 the species were negatively charged, had only a small UV-absorption at 280 nm and showed a very similar elution behavior in all analyzed cytosols. Therefore, we suppose that the HMW-Cd-SP of these two different vegetable foodstuffs have a very similar chemical structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Keywords: Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer – HNPCC – Hereditary cancer – Amsterdam Criteria – Bethesda-Criteria – Microsatellite instability – MSI. ; Schlüsselwörter: Erbliches Coloncarcinom ohne Polyposis – HNPCC – hereditäre Tumorerkrankungen – Amsterdam-Kriterien – Bethesda-Kriterien – Mikrosatelliteninstabilität – MSI.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Epidemiologische Daten lassen vermuten, daß bis zu 10 % aller colorectalen Carcinome auf eine genetische Tumordisposition zurückzuführen sind [6, 11, 20], wobei das autosomal-dominant vererbte Coloncarcinom ohne Polyposis (HNPCC-Syndrom) am häufigsten auftritt. Dieses Syndrom, das erstmals 1895 von A. Warthin bei einer „Familie G“ beschrieben wurde [14], ist charakterisiert durch eine Prädisposition für frühzeitig auftretende colorectale Carcinome und assoziierte intestinale oder urogenitale Tumore. Wir berichten über den Fall einer 61 jährigen Patientin mit insgesamt 5 verschiedenen Tumorerkrankungen. Sie ist Anlageträgerin eines mutanten Mismatch-Repair-Gens, obwohl sie die Amsterdam-Kriterien nicht erfüllt. Nach einer molekulargenetischen Untersuchung zeigte sich zudem eine positive Anlageträgerschaft bei dem 36 jährigen, bisher völlig gesunden Sohn. Genetische Untersuchungen werden empfohlen für Patienten mit einem colorectalen Carcinom, die die Amsterdam-Kriterien erfüllen. Eine Mutationsanalyse der Keimbahn bei Erfüllen eines der Bethesda-Kriterien 2–7 ohne Amsterdam-Kriterien ist derzeit nur bei MSI positiven Tumoren sinnvoll.
    Notes: Abstract. Epidemiologic data suggest that an underlying genetic disposition can be detected in up to 10 % of all colorectal cancer patients and autosomal dominantly inherited hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is the entity most frequently identified. It was described first by A. Warthin in 1895 in “Family G” and is characterized by a predisposition to an early onset of colorectal cancer and other intestinal or genitourinary tumors. We report the case of a 61-year-old woman with five different cancers. Although the strict Amsterdam Criteria were not fulfilled, molecular analysis revealed HNPCC; further genetic testing in the family confirmed that the 36-year-old and so far healthy son had inherited the germline mutation of his affected mother. Genetic testing in clinically suspected HNPCC cases is recommended for patients with colorectal cancer meeting the Amsterdam Criteria. In patients meeting one of Bethesda Criteria 2–7 without meeting the Amsterdam Criteria, germline mutation analysis is recommended only in MSI-positive tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Bone morphogenetic protein • Xenopus laevis • Osteoblastenproliferation • Osteoblastendifferenzierung ; Key words Bone morphogenetic protein • Xenopus laevis • Cell proliferation • Cell differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Bone metabolism is influenced by systemic and local acting hormons. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) as representatives of the latter substances are known to have the ability for ectopic bone formation. Within this study, we investigated the influence of different growth factors on the proliferation- and differentiation rate of osteoblast-like cells. For that purpose, human osteoblast-like cells (HPOC) were incubated in the presence of either recombinant BMP-4 of the genome of xenopus laevis (rxBMP-4), recombinant human BMP 2 (rhBMP-2), transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) or basic fibroblast growth factor (rh-bFGF) in two different concentrations each (10 ng/ml and 50 ng/ml). Cell proliferation was measured within a MTT [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromid] assay, the amount of cell differentiation by the activity of alcaline phosphatase. Rx-BMP-4 induced a differentiation of HPOC to almost the same extent as rhBMP-2, whereas the addition of rh-bFGF, applied at the same concentration, failed to have any influence on cell differentiation. However, rh-bFGF provoked an increase in cell proliferation when compared with unstimulated HPOC, while rhBMP-2 and rxBMP-4 showed no effect on proliferation. TGF-ß influenced bone proliferation as well as differenciation significantly. The equipotent effect of recombinant human BMP-2 and recombinant BMP-4 obtained from Xenopus laevis with regard to differentiation and proliferation of human primary osteoblast-like cells originates either in the fact that target cells have receptors for BMP 2 as well as BMP 4, or that both BMP's link to the same receptor with almost the same affinity.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Knochenstoffwechsel wird auf vielfältige Weise von Hormonen und lokal sezernierten Wachstumsfaktoren beeinflusst. Die „bone morphogenetic proteins“ (BMP), als Vertreter der letzteren Gruppe zeichnen sich gegenüber anderen Wachstumsfaktoren durch ihre Fähigkeit zur ektopen Knochenneubildung aus. Ziel unserer Untersuchung war die Überprüfung des Proliferations- und Differenzierungsverhaltens osteoblastenähnlicher Zellen nach Stimulation mit unterschiedlichen Wachstumsfaktoren, die einen Einfluss auf den Knochenstoffwechsel haben. Zu diesem Zweck wurden humane primäre Osteoblastenkulturen mit rekombinant hergestelltem rx-BMP 4 des Frosches (Xenopus laevis), rekombinant hergestelltem humanem rh-BMP 2, transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) und Fibroblastenwachstumsfaktor (b-FGF) jeweils in zwei unterschiedlichen Dosierungen (10 und 50 ng/ml) inkubiert. Die Zellproliferationsrate wurde anhand eines kolorimetrischen MTT [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromid] Assay bestimmt, das Ausmaß der Zelldifferenzierung wurde anhand der Enzymaktivität der Alkalischen Phosphatase gemessen. Rx-BMP-4 induzierte die Zelldifferenzierung humaner Osteoblasten in gleichem Maße wie rh-BMP 2, wohingegen die Zugabe von rh-b-FGF in gleicher Konzentration keine Wirkung auf die Zelldifferenzierung zeigte. Rh-b-FGF führte jedoch, verglichen mit nichtstimulierten Zellen, zu einer signifikanten Zunahme der Zellproliferation. Weder rx-BMP 4 noch rh-BMP 2 hatten einen proliferationssteigernden Effekt auf primäre humane Osteoblasten. TGF-ß beeinflusste signifikant günstig die Zellproliferation und noch deutlicher die Zelldifferenzierung. Die equipotente Wirkung des rekombinant hergestellten humanen BMP 2 und des rekombinanten BMP 4 des Xenopus laevis auf die Zelldifferenzierung und -proliferation primärer humaner Osteoblastenkulturen legt den Schluss nahe, dass entweder die Zielzellen Rezeptoren für BMP 2 und BMP 4 besitzen oder aber, dass beide BMP mit annähernd der gleichen Affinität an den selben Rezeptor binden.
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