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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 65 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The efficiency of L-cysteine (cysteine) and sodium sulfite as antioxidants was examined in the browning of an aqueous solution of 100 mM dehydroascorbic acid (DHA). The browning was suppressed at 100 mM cysteine and at 40 mM and higher concentrations of sodium sulfite, but it increased in the presence of 10 mM of those agents. These agents did not allow the reduction of DHA to L-ascorbic acid (AA). These results suggest that the suppression or acceleration of browning is likely to be related to some degraded intermediates of DHA. The two colorless intermediates, which during DHA breakdown eventually transform into browning pigments, were discussed with regard to the browning regulation mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: IL-4 gene cluster on chromosome 5 contains several candidate genes for atopy and asthma. Several independent studies have shown evidence for linkage between the markers flanking IL-4 gene cluster and asthma and/or asthma-related traits. Interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) is located approximately 300 kb telomeric to IL-4 and recent study reveals that IRF-1 deficiency results in an elevated production of Th2-related cytokines and a compensatory decrease in the expression of native cell- and Th1-related cytokines.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉ObjectiveTo determine if there are any mutations associated with the development of atopy and asthma present in the coding exons and 5′ flanking region of the IRF-1 gene.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods and resultsWe have screened the promoter and coding regions of the IRF-1 gene in atopic asthmatics and controls by SSCP method. We found three novel nuclear variants (the −300G/T and 4396 A/G polymorphisms and the 6355G 〉 A rare variant) in the IRF-1 gene. No variants causing amino acid alterations of IRF-1 were detected. The −300G/T polymorphism was in nearly complete linkage disequilibrium with the 4396 A/G polymorphism. An association between the 4396 A 〉 G polymorphism and atopy/asthma was examined by transmission disequilibrium test in 81 asthmatic families. Either of 4396 A or 4396G alleles was not significantly preferentially transmitted to atopy- or asthma-affected children.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionThe IRF-1 gene is less likely to play a substantial role in the development of atopy and asthma in the Japanese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), a major cyclo-oxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid in mast cells, induces bronchoconstriction in the human lung. It has been reported that mice lacking PGD receptor fail to develop the bronchial hyper-responsiveness upon ovalbumin challenge, suggesting that PGD2 functions as a mediator of allergic asthma.Objective To determine if there are any mutations associated with the development of asthma in the haematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS) gene and the human prostanoid DP receptor (PTGDR) gene.Methods and results We screened the 5′flanking and coding regions of the H-PGDS gene and the PTGDR gene by direct sequence. We identified one variant in intron 2 (IVS2 + 11 A 〉 C) and one variant in intron 3 (IVS3 + 13T 〉 C) of the H-PGDS gene, and two variants in the 5′flanking region of the PTGDR gene (−197T 〉 C and −2C 〉 T). The IVS3 + 13T 〉 C and −197T 〉 C variants were rare, appearing only once in 48 subjects. transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) analysis of 144 asthmatic families revealed that the IVS2 + 11 A allele of the H-PGDS gene was significantly transmitted preferentially to asthma-affected children (P = 0.0056), but no association was observed between −2C/T polymorphism of the PTGDR gene and asthma (P 〉 0.05).Conclusion Our results suggest that the IVS2 + 11 A/C allele may be involved in the development of asthma in the Japanese population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words Preeclampsia ; Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 ; Gene ; Polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Preeclampsia is associated with thrombosis of the intervillous or spiral artery. A deletion/insertion polymorphism (4G or 5G) in the promoter of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) gene is suggested to be involved in regulating the synthesis of the inhibitor, 4G allele, being associated with the enhanced gene expression and plasma PAI-1 levels. We assessed the association between preeclampsia and the 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene in 115 preeclamptic patients, 210 pregnant controls, and 298 healthy volunteer controls. The frequency of the homozygotes for the 4G allele was significantly higher in the patients than in the control pregnant women (P = 0.04) or in the healthy volunteers (P = 0.02). The 4G allele frequency was also significantly higher in the patients than in the control group of pregnant women (P = 0.03) and in the healthy volunteers (P = 0.02). These results suggest that the presence of the 4G/4G genotype of the PAI-1 gene is one of the risk factors for preeclampsia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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