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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The archaeal halophilic virus-encoded Dam-like methyltransferase M.φCh1-I methylates adenine residues and complements dam mutants in the low salt environment of Escherichia coli (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 35 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The genome of the archaeal virus φCh1, infecting Natrialba magadii (formerly Natronobacterium magadii), is composed of 58.5 kbp linear ds DNA. Virus particles contain several RNA species in sizes of 100–800 nucleotides. A fraction of φCh1 genomes is modified within 5′-GATC-3′ and related sequences, as determined by various restriction enzyme digestion analyses. High performance liquid chromatography revealed a fifth base, in addition to the four nucleosides, which was identified as N6-methyladenosine. Genetic analyses and subsequent sequencing led to the identification of a DNA (N6-adenine) methyltransferase (mtase) gene. The protein product was designated M.φCh1-I. By the localization of the most conserved motifs (a DPPY motif occurring before FxGxG), the enzyme was placed within the β-subgroup of the (N6-adenine) methyltransferase class. The mtase gene of φCh1 was classified as a ‘late’ gene, as determined by measuring the kinetics of mRNA and protein expression in N. magadii during the lytic cycle of φCh1. After infection of cells, M.φCh1-I mRNA and protein could be detected in lower amounts than in the situation of virus induction from lysogenic cells. Consequently, only about 5% of the φCh1 progeny genomes after infection of N. magadii carry the M.φCh1-I methylation in contrast to 50% of virus genomes generated by induction of φCh1-lysogenic N. magadii cells. Heterologous expression of the mtase from a halophile with 3 M cytoplasmic salt concentration showed an unexpected feature: the protein was active in the low environment of Escherichia coli and was able to methylate DNA in vivo. Interestingly, it seemed to exhibit a higher sequence specificity in E. coli that resulted in adenine methylation exclusively in the sequence 5′-GATC-3′. Additionally, expression of M.φCh1-I in dam–E. coli cells led to a complete substitution of the function of M.Dam in DNA mismatch repair.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01786.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations of sperm release in three batches of zebrafish (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden , USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 64 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: By collecting and counting the number of sperm released during separate matings in three batches of zebrafish Danio rerio, aged 3–4, 4–5 and 5–6 months, males were observed to release sperm before the female started laying their eggs. After the female left the nest, the number and motility of sperm and life span of sperm of younger fish were higher than those of older fish in water samples collected under the nest and at the surface of the tank. Sperm were released in the form of sperm trails laid on the nest surface, subsequently active spermatozoa left the trails and moved in the water for several minutes. Sperm trails consisted of bands of viscous material in which the sperm were embedded. In most cases eggs were not laid directly over the sperm trail, suggesting that sperm may contact the eggs after the latter are released into the water. In all the three tested groups there was no significant difference (P 〉 0·05) between the number of sperm collected on some portions of the acetate sheets which lined the nest ceiling. This result demonstrated that the greater activity of younger fish accelerated the sperm dispersal in water. Male sperm duct glands, seminal vesicles, known to secrete mucosubstances are probably involved in the production of sperm trails. The possible influence of insemination on the mating style of zebrafish is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00315.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inversion within the haloalkaliphilic virus φCh1 DNA results in differential expression of structural proteins (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 52 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The sequence of φCh1 contains an open reading frame (int1) in the central part of its genome that belongs to the λ integrase family of site-specific recombinases. Sequence similarities to known integrases include the highly conserved tetrad R-H-R-Y. The flanking sequences of int1 contain several direct repeats of 30 bp in length (IR-L and IR-R), which are orientated in an inverted direction. Here, we show that a recombination active region exists in the genome of φCh1: the number of those repeats, non-homologous regions within the repeat clusters IR-L and IR-R and the orientation of the int1 gene vary in a given virus population. Within this study, we identified circular intermediates, composed of the int1 gene and the inwards orientated repeat regions IR-L and IR-R, which could be involved in the recombination process itself. IR-L and IR-R are embedded within ORF34 and ORF36 respectively. As a consequence of the inversion within this region of φCh1, the C-terminal parts of the proteins encoded by ORF34 and 36 are exchanged. Both proteins, expressed in Escherichia coli, interact with specific antisera against whole virus particles, indicating that they could be parts of φCh1 virions. Expression of the protein(s) in Natrialba magadii could be detected 98 h after inoculation, which is similar to other structural proteins of φCh1. Taken together, the data show that the genome of φCh1 contains an invertible region that codes for a recombinase and structural proteins. Inversion of this segment results in a variation of these structural proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2003.03983.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natrialba magadii virus φCh1: first complete nucleotide sequence and functional organization of a virus infecting a haloalkaliphilic archaeon (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 45 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The double-stranded (ds)DNA virus φCh1 infects the haloalkaliphilic archaeon Natrialba magadii. The complete DNA sequence of 58 498 bp of the temperate virus was established, and the probable functions of 21 of 98 φCh1-encoded open reading frames (ORFs) have been assigned. This knowledge has been used to propose functional modules each required for specific functions during virus development. The φCh1 DNA is terminally redundant and circularly permuted and therefore appears to be packaged by the so-called headful mechanism. The presence of ORFs encoding homologues of proteins involved in plasmid replication as well as experimental evidence indicate a plasmid-mediated replication strategy of the virus. Results from nanosequencing of virion components suggest covalent cross-linking of monomers of at least one of the structural proteins during virus maturation. A comparison of the φCh1 genome with the partly sequenced genome of Halobacterium salinarum virus φH revealed a close relationship between the two viruses, although their host organisms live in distinct environments with respect to the different pH values required for growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03064.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-Temperature Oxidation Behaviour of a Hot Isostatically-Pressed Si〈sub〉3〈/sub〉N〈sub〉4〈/sub〉-HfB〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 Ceramic Composite (2004)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 461-464 (Aug. 2004), p. 849-856 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/08/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.461-464.849.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of Oxide Films on the Surface of Electroconductive Si〈sub〉3〈/sub〉N〈sub〉4〈/sub〉-TiN and Si〈sub〉3〈/sub〉N〈sub〉4〈/sub〉-TiB〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 Materials under Electrochemical Polarization in a 3% NaCl Solution (2004)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 264-268 (May 2004), p. 513-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/48/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.264-268.513.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical Properties of Electroconductive Ceramic Composites Produced by Hot Isostatic Pressing (2004)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 264-268 (May 2004), p. 881-884 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/48/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.264-268.881.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of Elastase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Sputum and its Potential Role in Epithelial Cell Permeability (2000)
    Springer
    Lung 178 (2000), S. 181-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Keywords: Key words:Pseudomonas elastase—Monoclonal antibody—ELISA—Epithelial cells—Paracellular permeability.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Most clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa produce elastase, a zinc metalloprotease that is implicated in the pathogenesis of infections related to these organisms. To better understand the physiologic role of this protease in the regulation of airway permeability, we developed a panel of specific monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against purified Pseudomonas elastase (PE) that do not react with either neutrophil elastase or porcine pancreatic elastase. These mAbs were used in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the concentrations of PE in sputum samples from patients with pulmonary infections. Sputum from patients infected with P. aeruginosa showed a varying amount of PE, whereas others indicated no signals. We also found that the mAbs blocked the effect of PE on epithelial barrier function in vitro on the basis of measurement of transmonolayer electrical resistance of polarized epithelial cells as an index of paracellular permeability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004080000021
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A longitudinal study of autoantibodies against central nervous system tissue and gangliosides in connective tissue diseases (2000)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 19 (2000), S. 83-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Connective tissue diseases ; Longitudinal ; Neuropsychiatric ; Antibodies against central nervous tissue ; Gangliosides antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our objective was to investigate longitudinally, antibodies against central nervous tissue (anti-CNS) derived from bovine brain and gangliosides GM1, GD1a, GD1b, and GT1b in 91 patients with connective tissue diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, n=38; mixed connective tissue disease, n=16; primary Sjögren's syndrome, n=7; progressive systemic sclerosis, n=13; polymyositis/dermatomyositis, n=4; overlap syndrome, n=5; undifferentiated connective tissue disease, n=8). Anti-CNS and anti-ganglioside antibodies, measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were found in 73% and 63% of patients, respectively. Anti-CNS positive sera were also reactive in Western blotting in 74% of cases and recognized up to 14 different polypeptides from 29 to 130 kDa. Anti-CNS and anti-ganglioside antibodies reflected only in a limited extent the disease activity. In 27 of 58 patients, anti-CNS antibodies remained positive independently of disease activity and antibody levels did not correlate with the phases of exacerbations. A total of 36 of 60 anti-CNS-positive patients, in contrast to two of 22 anti-CNS-negative patients, had major neuropsychiatric manifestations (P 〈 0.001). Anti-ganglioside antibodies were not significantly associated with neuropsychiatric manifestations. In conclusion, our longitudinal data suggest that anti-CNS antibodies may be an important marker for the diagnosis of cerebral involvement in connective tissue diseases, but the pathogenic role of these autoantibodies remains to be determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002960050108
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