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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and stability of endohedral fullerene Sc3NC80: A Raman, infrared, and theoretical analysis (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 6596-6605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Structure and stability of endohedral fullerene Sc3N@C80 were studied by temperature-dependent Raman and infrared spectroscopy as well as by quantum-chemical [density-functional-based tight-binding] calculations. The material showed a remarkable thermal stability up to 650 K. By both theory and experiment, translational and rotational Sc3N modes were found. These modes give a direct evidence for the formation of a Sc3N–C80 bond which induces a significant reduction of the ideal Ih–C80 symmetry. From their splitting pattern a crystal structure with more than one molecule in the unit cell is proposed. According to our results: (i) a significant charge transfer from the Sc3N cluster to the C80 cage; (ii) the strength of three Sc–N bonds; (iii) the chemical bond between triscandium nitride cluster and C80 cage; and (iv) a large HOMO–LUMO gap are responsible for the high stability and abundance of Sc3N@C80. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1399298
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of noise levels caused by four different neonatal high-frequency ventilators (2000)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 26 (2000), S. 84-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words High-frequency ventilation ; Noise production ; Newborn ; Neonatal intensive care unit ; Decibel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To test the hypothesis that neonatal high-frequency ventilators create different noise levels depending upon ventilator settings and device-specific properties.¶Materials: Three neonatal ventilators with built-in high-frequency options (Babylog 8000, Infant Star, Stephanie) and an exclusive high-frequency oscillator (SensorMedics 3100A).¶Measurements: Noise levels were recorded by a microphone and measured by a decibel recording device at a defined distance from a test lung.¶Results: Noise levels were highest for the SensorMedics and the Babylog (70 dB and 62 dB, respectively). Whereas the SensorMedics increased noise production with amplitude, the Babylog remained at a constant level. The Infant Star (52 dB) and the Stephanie (54 dB) were significantly less noisy at their maximum levels of amplitude (40 mbar and 50 mbar, respectively).¶Conclusion: Most levels recorded were below those measured within an incubator without the use of a ventilator. We conclude that neonatal high-frequency ventilators do not represent a major contribution to noise levels for newborns in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340050016
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutrons produced by 1.22 GeV antiproton interactions with nuclei (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 8 (2000), S. 197-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS 25.43.+t Antiproton-induced reactions – 24.60.Dr Statistical compound nucleus reactions – 24.75.+i General properties of fission
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: Inclusive neutron energy spectra were measured by time of flight using 1.22 GeV antiprotons from LEAR, CERN, as projectiles and targets from natural Al, Cu, Ag, Ho, Ta, Au, Pb, Bi, U. The sum of two Maxwellian distributions was fitted to the spectra obtained at several forward and backward angles yielding neutron multiplicities Mi and slope or temperature parameters T i for the low-energy (evaporative, i=1) and high-energy (pre-equilibrium,i=2) parts, respectively. M 1 increases with A, proportional to the nuclear volume, and M 2 is growing with A , proportional to the nuclear radius. The T parameters are nearly independent of A. The results are compared with previous multiplicity measurements with a neutron detector, intranuclear cascade calculations and neutron spectra from stopped antiproton annihilation on nuclei. With the measured proton spectra also the ratio of emitted neutrons to protons was determined for Au.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500070106
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