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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A potent diazoxide analogue activating ATP-sensitive K+ channels and inhibiting insulin release (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 723-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Diazoxide, ATP sensitive K+ channel, rat pancreatic islets, insulin release.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. To characterise the effects of BPDZ 73 (7-chloro-3-isopropylamino-4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide), a newly synthesised diazoxide analogue, on insulin secretory cells.¶Methods. Measurements of 86Rb, 45Ca outflow, membrane potential, [Ca2+]i, insulin release in secretory cells as well as measurements of smooth muscle contractile activity and glycaemia were carried out.¶Results. The analogue BPDZ 73 induced a dose-dependent decrease in insulin output. The IC50 value averaged 0.73 ± 0.05 μmol/l. The drug increased the rate of 86Rb (42K substitute) outflow from perifused rat pancreatic islets. This effect was inhibited by glibenclamide, a KATP channel blocker. Measurements of DiBAC4(3) fluorescence further indicated that BPDZ 73 hyperpolarised the insulin secreting cells. It also decreased 45Ca outflow from pancreatic islets perifused throughout in the presence of 16.7 mmol/l glucose and extracellular Ca2+. By contrast, the drug did not affect the increase in 45Ca outflow mediated by K+ depolarisation. In single beta cells, BPDZ 73 inhibited the glucose-induced but not the K+-induced rise in [Ca2+]i. Moreover, in Wistar rats, i. p. injection of BPDZ 73 provoked a considerable increase in blood glucose concentration whereas diazoxide induced a modest rise in glycaemia. Lastly, the vasorelaxant properties of BPDZ 73 were slightly less pronounced than those of diazoxide.¶Conclusion/interpretation. The inhibitory effect of BPDZ 73 on the insulin-releasing process results from the activation of KATP channels with subsequent decrease in Ca2+ inflow and [Ca2+]i. The drug seems to be a KATP channel opener, more potent and more selective than diazoxide for insulin secreting cells. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 723-732]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051370
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of elevated CO2 on the demography of a leaf-sucking mite feeding on bean (2000)
    Springer
    Oecologia 123 (2000), S. 75-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Carbon dioxide enrichment ; Demography ; Herbivory ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; Tetranychus urticae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The effect of elevated CO2 on the demography of the arachnid species Tetranychus urticae feeding on Phaseolus vulgaris plants was analysed. This class of herbivores (Arachnida) and its feeding guild (cell content feeders) are under-represented in studies of the combined effects of herbivory and CO2. The growth of bean was strongly stimulated by elevated CO2. The number of leaves on lateral stems and of flowers increased but pod weight decreased. Leaf nitrogen content was 25% lower at elevated CO2 due to an increase in non-structural sugar concentration. Leaf water content was lower at elevated CO2 while leaf-specific mass and epidermis thickness were higher. Females of the mite raised at ambient or elevated CO2, but all fed with leaves grown at ambient CO2, had similar progenies. When females were raised on plants grown at elevated CO2, the numbers of their progeny were reduced by 34% and 49% in the first and second generation respectively. Later stages of development were more reduced in elevated CO2, suggesting that both fecundity and rate of development were affected. This study suggests that the abundance of T. urticae, and consequently the damage to the many crops it infests, might decrease in a future elevated-CO2 environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050991
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of genetic diversity in coconut (Cocos nucifera) populations from across the geographic range using sequence-tagged microsatellites (SSRs) and AFLPs (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 764-771 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Genetic diversity in 31 individuals from 14 coconut populations across the entire geographic range (2–3 individuals per population) was assessed using sequence-tagged microsatellites (or simple sequence repeats, SSRs) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). From the 39 SSR primer sets tested, only two gave patterns that could not be scored and used in the data analysis. The remainder included five SSRs that gave double-locus profiles in which one locus could still be scored separately. The 37 SSRs revealed between 2 and 16 alleles per locus and a total of 339 alleles in the 14 populations. Gene diversity (D = 1-Σpi 2) ranged from 0.47 to 0.90. Two of the four Dwarf populations were homozygous at all 37 loci, which is consistent with their autogamous (self-fertilising) reproduction. One Dwarf population was heterozygous at one locus but the other (Niu Leka Dwarf), which is known to be cross-pollinating, showed high levels of heterozygosity. Generally, diversity was higher in populations from the South Pacific and South East Asia. Three SSR loci (CNZ46, CN2A5, CN11E6) gave distinct genotypes for all but two populations. The East African populations had higher heterozygosities than those from West Africa, and the populations from Tonga and Fiji generally had distinct alleles from those of the South Pacific. AFLP analysis with 12 primer combinations gave a total of 1106 bands, of which 303 were polymorphic (27%). Similarity matrices were constructed from the two data sets using the proportion of shared alleles for SSRs and a Jaccard coefficient for AFLPs. In each case cluster and principal co-ordinates analyses were performed, with the resultant dendrograms and plots revealing similar relationships among the populations for both approaches. There was generally a good separation of populations, and phenetic relationships were in agreement with those previously shown by RFLPs. The use of SSRs and AFLPs in genetic-diversity analysis for the establishment of germplasm collections is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051350
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