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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prominent expression of Narp in central vestibular pathways: selective effect of labyrinth ablation (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Recent in vitro studies demonstrated that Narp, a secreted immediate early gene (IEG) product, induces AMPA receptor clustering. Accordingly, Narp has been implicated in mediating activity-dependent changes in synaptic efficacy. To help define the role of Narp in vivo, we conducted immunohistochemical studies of Narp in rat brain. Unexpectedly, we found robust Narp expression in several discrete areas linked to the vestibular system: the anterodorsal nucleus (ADN) of the thalamus, which relays head orientation information to the cortex, the lateral vestibulospinal (Deiters′) nucleus and Purkinje cells in the flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum. Although strong Narp expression in Deiters' nucleus and the cerebellum was present consistently, Narp expression in the ADN displayed a high degree of variability among animals. To check if this variability in ADN Narp expression reflects its dependence on fluctuating levels of vestibular input, we monitored Narp immunostaining following bilateral labyrinth ablation. This procedure significantly suppressed Narp immunostaining in the ADN, indicating that it is stimulated by naturally occurring vestibular input. In contrast, labyrinth ablation did not affect Narp staining in Deiters' nucleus or the flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum, presumably because these areas are driven by inputs from multiple systems. As previous studies implicate Narp in synaptic plasticity, these findings suggest that this IEG may mediate ongoing adjustments in synaptic strength or connectivity in several pathways linked to the vestibular system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2002.02284.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of unlicensed and off-label medications in paediatric gastroenterology with a review of the commonly used formularies in the UK (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Use of unlicensed and off-label medications is common in hospital based paediatric practice. Whilst inpatient prescription can be closely monitored within the hospital setting, it is subspecialties like paediatric gastroenterology, caring for chronically ill children on an outpatient basis that require administration of regular medications in the community. Local practitioners rely on available paediatric formularies or information provided by the tertiary unit for monitoring and dispensing further prescriptions.Aim : To assess the proportion of unlicensed and off-label medications prescribed in a paediatric gastroenterology unit to children discharged to the community and assess adequacy of information about these medications in commonly used British formularies.Methods : All prescriptions prescribed over a six-month period (Jan–Jul 2002) either in the paediatric gastroenterology outpatient department or for children discharged home after an inpatient stay, were retrieved from the pharmacy database. The main outcome measures were to assess the proportion of medications prescribed for unlicensed or off-label use.Results : 308 patients received 777 prescriptions of which 384 (49%) were for unlicensed or off-label use. Of these 291 (76%) were off-label; 208 in relation to indication and 83 to child's age. 93 of the prescribed medications were unlicensed; 37 were due to manipulation of formulation. Of the commonly used formularies in the UK, only ‘Medication for Children®’ contained dosage information on more than half (9/13) of the most often prescribed off-label/unlicensed medications in paediatric gastroenterology.Conclusions : Use of unlicensed and off-label medications remains a problem in paediatric practice. Until licensing laws change and more drugs are licensed in children, paediatric gastroenterologists remain responsible for provision of information to families, local practitioners, nurses and pharmacists. Of the commonly used formularies, ‘Medicines for Children’ is the most detailed and comprehensive, and should be available to all general practitioners and pharmacists in the UK. Clear communication between specialist units and local practitioners is imperative to ensure safe and effective prescribing to children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01441.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are mapped markers more useful for assessing genetic diversity? (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 607-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words AFLP ; Biodiversity ; Genetic maps ; Genetic resources ; Rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Genetic diversity within populations of organisms and species is commonly measured using molecular-marker data. It has been claimed that more reliable diversity measurements can be obtained using selected genetically mapped markers to ensure that all regions of the genome are represented in the data sets employed. However, this has not been tested. In the present study, using rice (Oryza sativa L.) as a model species, we have shown that the use of unmapped AFLP markers reveals a pattern of diversity that is very similar to that obtained using a range of other marker types and which reflects the known crossability groups within this species. In contrast, we show that use of mapped-marker data can, in some cases, result in highly misleading patterns of diversity; the results obtained are critically related to the choice ofparents used in the cross from which the mapping population was produced. For diversity analyses, we propose that it is appropriate to use unmapped markers provided that the marker-type has been shown to have a wide distribution over the genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050080
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age and Gender Role Conflict: A Cross-Sectional Study of Australian Men (2000)
    Springer
    Sex roles 42 (2000), S. 1027-1042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2762
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology
    Notes: Abstract A total of 221 educated middle-class Australian males across three age groups (18–24, 36–45, and 60-plus years), responded to O'Neil et al.'s Gender Role Conflict Scales and a set of measures for psychological well-being. A MANCOVA design, with psychological well-being as the covariate, found significant age differences on two gender-role conflict scales. Results suggest that certain conflicts in a man's life to do with ambition, career, and family may be seen as developmentally functional rather than dysfunctional. No age differences were found on the Gender Role Conflict variables for emotional expressiveness and intimacy between males. These two variables are discussed as a function of mood rather than indices of dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007088617819
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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