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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interannual, seasonal, local and body size variations in reproduction of the prawn Penaeus (Marsupenaeus) japonicus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Penaeidae) in the Ariake Sea and Tachibana Bay, Japan (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 136 (2000), S. 223-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The reproductive biology of female Penaeus japonicus Bate was investigated in the Ariake Sea and Tachibana Bay (located outside the Ariake Sea), Japan from 1994 to 1996. Interannual, seasonal, individual female body size and spatial influences on the incidence of spawning were examined. The proportion of inseminated females, increased with increasing body size up to 170 mm body length (BL) and decreased thereafter. The minimum size at maturity was similar between years; 130 to 140 mm BL. The minimum size of individuals with developing ovaries or spermatophores differed from that of ripe females by 20 to 25 mm. Spawning occurred in the central part of the Ariake Sea and Tachibana Bay but rarely in the inner part. P. japonicus had a clear reproductive cycle. Spawning started earlier and ended later, occurring from mid-May to mid-October, in the eastern central part of and outside of the Ariake Sea compared with the western central part, where spawning occurred from mid-June to mid-September. Spawning dynamics differed across seasons, body sizes and areas but not across years. The seasonal peak in the proportion of ripe females varied with body size. In small individuals (130 to 169 mm BL), no peak was observed, whereas in large individuals (〉170 mm BL) the proportion of ripe individuals peaked in June. The proportion of ripe individuals increased with increasing body size and was high outside the Ariake Sea. Factors causing the variation in spawning dynamics are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050680
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tacticity, molecular weight, and molecular-weight-distribution relationships in stereoregular polyacrylonitrile prepared by electron beam irradiation canal polymerization (2000)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 278 (2000), S. 757-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Isotactic polyacrylonitrile ; Canal polymerization ; Electron beam irradiation ; Structure ; properties relationships
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The preparation and characterization of stereoregular isotactic polyacrylonitrile (PAN) by electron beam (EB) irradiation on a urea canal complex are described. The EB method has several advantages over the ordinary γ-ray irradiation method: a very short polymerization time is needed (within a few seconds) and EB irradiation is carried out intermittently, and so all the polymer properties can be studied as a function of the EB irradiation dose. The structure–properties relationships of PAN, such as intrinsic viscosity versus the number-average molecular weight and the viscosity versus the isotacticity range were clarified. Significant information for the optimization of the tacticity of PAN was extracted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960000305
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A segment concept in the dissolution of stereoregular isotactic polyacrylonitrile into three dinitrile solvents, CN-(CH2) n -CN (n = 1, 2, and 3), at elevated temperatures (2000)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 278 (2000), S. 352-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Isotactic polyacrylonitrile ; High-temperature dissolution ; Dinitrile solvents ; Segment mobility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The dependence of the dissolution temperature (T sol) of isotactic polyacrylonitrile (PAN) on tacticity was studied for three dinitrile solvents. A linear relationship was obtained in the inverse plots of the tacticity dependence of the T sol of PAN. A phenomenological analogy between the tacticity dependence of the T sol of isotactic PAN and the molecular-weight dependence of the glass-transition temperature of amorphous polystyrene is discussed from a thermodynamic point of view. The linear relationships in both phenomena are explained in terms of a common mechanism: a breakdown of thermodynamic competition, enthalpy, and entropy through the segment mobility. The significance of segment concept and molecular mobility at elevated temperatures are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050524
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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