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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The experimentally optimized magnetic field configuration of the Large Helical Device [A. Iiyoshi et al., Nucl. Fusion 39, 1245 (1999)], where the magnetic axis is shifted inward by 15 cm from the early theoretical prediction, reveals 50% better global energy confinement than the prediction of the scaling law. This configuration has been investigated further from the viewpoints of high energy particle confinement and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability. The confinement of high energy ions is improved as expected. The minority heating of ion cyclotron range of frequency was successful and the heating efficiency was improved by the inward shift. The confinement of passing particles by neutral beam injection was also improved under low magnetic field strength, and there could be obtained an almost steady high beta discharge up to 3% in volume average. This was a surprising result because the observed pressure gradient exceeded the Mercier unstable limit. The observed MHD activities became as high as beta but they did not grow enough to deteriorate the confinement of high energy ions or the performance of the bulk plasma, which was still 50% better than the scaling. According to these favorable results, better performance would be expected by increasing the heating power because the neoclassical transport can also be improved there. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The neutral beam (NB) shine-through profile is routinely monitored on the Large Helical Device (LHD) both to calibrate the port-through power of the NB and to evaluate the NB-deposition power to LHD plasmas. The profile is measured with a calorimeter (CM) array on an armor plate of the NB counter wall inside the LHD vacuum vessel. An infrared camera is also used to check the beam profile where CMs are not located, and measures a temperature increase of the armor plate due to the NB heat load. The measured beam profile is compared to the calculated NB profile at the armor plate. The measurement indicates that the beam is not uniform at the exit of the ion source and that the steering angle of the beam in the horizontal direction is not the same as the designed value. It is found that the monitoring of the NB shine-through profile is important to estimate the NB port-through power and the NB deposition power, especially when the neutral beam injector (NBI) is based on a large negative-hydrogen ion source. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In view of recent studies on the mechanisms of the survival of peripheral memory T cells, we tested the biologic role of pectate lyase, a pectin-degrading enzyme, as the cross-reactive antigen required for the recurring survival signals for human T cells specific for Cha o 1, a pollen allergen molecule of the Japanese cypress. We determined a 16-mer epitope peptide for the T-cell clone, and prepared synthetic oligopeptides of homologous regions in putative pectate lyase of other plants. Of these homologous peptides, ZePel (Zinnia elegans), ban 17 (banana), and Amb a 1.1 (short ragweed) induced strong proliferative responses of the Cha o 1-specific T-cell clone in vitro. In addition, suboptimal doses of peptide homologs derived from banana and short ragweed enhanced the survival potency of this T-cell clone without detectable proliferative responses to the peptides. When there was no antigen stimulation, the T-cell clone decreased in viable cell number and lost antigen-specific proliferation activity on day 6 during in vitro incubation. On the other hand, T-cell clones incubated with these survival-inducing peptides maintained proliferative activity to Cha o 1 even on day 9. Serum derived from the donor patient did not contain detectable levels of IgE specific to banana or short ragweed by CAP-RAST. These results show that human T cells specific for pollen allergen seem to use cross-reactive pectate lyase peptides to deliver survival signals even in the absence of pollen allergen, and memory T cells maintained in such a manner might be functioning at the onset of allergic pollinosis, although pollen allergens are seasonal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 149 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Darier's disease is an autosomal dominant skin disorder that is characterized by multiple keratotic papules, focal loss of adhesion and abnormal keratinization. Mutations in the ATP2A2 gene encoding sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium pumping ATPase type 2 have been identified as the molecular basis of Darier's disease. Segmental Darier's disease is a rare type of Darier's disease in which there is characteristic localization of the keratotic papules in a linear pattern following Blaschko's lines. In this study we examined ATP2A2 mutations in a Japanese patient with segmental Darier's disease. The samples from affected skin, unaffected skin and peripheral leucocytes were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Direct sequencing of the PCR products was performed. Sequence analysis revealed that the patient had 160A→G substitution mutation which predicts I54V. This novel mutation was present in the affected skin, but not in the unaffected skin or peripheral leucocytes. This is the first report of segmental Darier's disease caused by mosaicism for an ATP2A2 mutation in Japan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Indoor air 13 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0668
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Indoor air 13 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0668
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents physical models that are used for analyzing numerically the transportation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from building materials in a room. The models are based on fundamental physicochemical principles of their diffusion and adsorption/desorption (hereafter simply sorption) both in building materials and in room air. The performance of the proposed physical models is examined numerically in a test room with a technique supported by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Two building materials are used in this study. One is a VOC emitting material for which the emission rate is mainly controlled by the internal diffusion of the material. The other is an adsorptive material that has no VOC source. It affects the room air concentration of VOCs with its sorption process. The floor is covered with an emission material made of polypropylene styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR). An adsorbent material made of coal-based activated carbon is spread over the sidewalls. The results of numerical prediction show that the physical models and their numerical simulations explain well the mechanism of the transportation of VOCs in a room.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Indoor air 14 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0668
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Several growth factors (or cytokines) have been recently investigated for their use as potential therapeutics for periodontal tissue regeneration. The objective of this study was to evaluate periodontal tissue regeneration, including new bone and cementum formation, following topical application of recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, FGF-2) to furcation class II defects. Twelve furcation class II bone defects were surgically created in six beagle dogs, then recombinant bFGF (30 µg/site) + gelatinous carrier was topically applied to the bony defects. Six weeks after application, periodontal regeneration was analyzed. In all sites where bFGF was applied, periodontal ligament formation with new cementum deposits and new bone formation was observed histomorphometrically, in amounts greater than in the control sites. Basic FGF-applied sites exhibited significant regeneration as represented by the new bone formation rate (NBR) (83.6 ± 14.3%), new trabecular bone formation rate (NTBR) (44.1 ± 9.5%), and new cementum formation rate (NCR) (97.0 ± 7.5%). In contrast, in the carrier-only sites, the NBR, NTBR, and NCR were 35.4 ± 8.9%, 16.6 ± 6.2%, and 37.2 ± 15.1%, respectively. Moreover, no instances of epithelial down growth, ankylosis, or root resorption were observed in the bFGF-applied sites examined. The present results indicate that topical application of bFGF can enhance considerable periodontal regeneration in artificially created furcation class II bone defects of beagle dogs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 66 (2000), S. 272-276 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Indian hedgehog — Endochondral ossification — Fracture — Chondrocytes — Osteoblasts.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Indian hedgehog (Ihh) has recently been shown to be expressed in prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes during embryonic development, and it has been implicated in the regulation of terminal differentiation of chondrocytes. In this paper we examined the expression of Ihh during fracture healing in an adult rat model. A transverse diaphyseal fracture was made in the right femur, and the expression of Ihh in the fracture callus was examined at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after fracture. Northern blot analysis demonstrated the expression of Ihh mRNA in these tissues. Immunohistological analysis detected hedgehog protein in prehypertrophic chondrocytes in the fracture callus at 1 week after fracture. From 2 weeks and on, positive staining was observed in hypertrophic chondrocytes as well. At 3 weeks, some of the osteoblasts close to the endochondral ossification front were also stained positive for hedgehog protein. Our data indicate that Ihh is expressed in chondrocytes and osteoblasts during the process of fracture healing in adult rat femora, suggesting that Ihh, a regulator of endochondral ossification in embryonic development, may also play a role in the regulation of bone formation during fracture repair in adult animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 63 (2000), S. 113-134 
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Keywords: numerical analysis ; buoyancy ; WET model ; k-ε model ; thermal plume ; indoor air flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Turbulence models based on the eddy viscosity concept perform poorly for simulation of non-isothermal flows, which are characterized by strongly non-isotropic features of turbulence. In the present study, a thermal plume is calculated using the WET model and severalk-ε models. Comparison with the experiments reveals that the WET model predicts the flow and temperature fields most accurately. Furthermore, the WET model has been modified to account for the damping effect near the wall and applied to the indoor air flow. The computed flow field agrees well with the measurement, except for higher temperatures appearing near the walls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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