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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flux pinning and dissipation in textured multifilamentary (Bi–Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox/Ag tapes (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 3861-3867 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied the magnetotransport, magnetization properties, and microstructure of multifilamentary (Bi–Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (Bi-2223)/Ag tapes with varying filaments from 1 to 37 to explore the energy dissipation, reversible flux motion, and flux pinning related to the microstructure. Our results show that the dissipation is temperature, current, and magnetic field induced. The dissipation is thermally activated and the vortex liquid state is plastically deformed. The dissociation of vortex–antivortex pairs by current, magnetic field, and temperature plays a major role in enhancing the dissipation process, resulting in large broadening in the transition. We observed a reversible fluxoid motion of vortices. The critical current density follows an exponential dependence on the magnetic field. The weak links seem to be broken even for a field as low as 5 G even 12 K below the transition temperature. However, at low temperature, the weak links behave as superconducting. The microscopic characterizations show evidence for the dislocations, stacking faults, and misorientation of grains and grain boundaries that control the critical current in tapes. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1353560
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flux pinning in ternary (Nd–Eu–Gd)Ba2Cu3O7−δ: Optimization for the highest pinning (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2033-2035 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The optimization of high-quality melt-processed ternary (Nd–Eu–Gd)Ba2Cu3O7−δ composite samples has been carried out to achieve the largest pinning. Our results suggest that the interaction between the twin planes and the fine second-phase precipitate forms a strongly pinned entangled vortex liquid in which vortices are correlated along the c axis. This pinned vortex liquid freezes into a glassy state at low temperature rendering high critical current density, Jc. The maximum Jc can be achieved in as-grown optimally annealed twinned sample with second phase precipitate without disturbing the twin influence. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1312863
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synergistic effects of hyperthermia and anticancer drugs on induction of apoptosis (2000)
    Springer
    Medical electron microscopy 33 (2000), S. 44-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-773X
    Keywords: Key words Apoptosis ; Hyperthermia ; Anticancer drugs ; Lung cancer cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the synergistic effects of hyperthermia and anticancer drugs on induction of apoptosis in lung cancer cells (LK-2 and LU-65A) using in situ end-labeling of DNA, the DNA fragmentation assay, and transmission electron microscopy. A few apoptotic cells were detected only when both cell lines were heated at relatively high temperature (44°C). Moderate numbers of apoptotic cells were observed when both cell lines were incubated with high concentrations (30 or 40 μM) of anticancer drug. Compared with hyperthermia or anticancer drug alone, the combined treatment induced many apoptotic cells in both cell lines, even in the cells treated with lower concentrations (6 or 8 μM) of anticancer drugs following mild hyperthermia (43°C). In regard to kinetics of apoptotic cells induced by treatment, the maximum induction of apoptosis by the combined treatment was higher than that of hyperthermia or anticancer drug alone in both cell lines, although the time of the peak of apoptotic index differed among the three treatments. Therefore, “hyperthermo-chemotherapy” may reduce the required dosage of anticancer drug and decrease the temperature of hyperthermia on induction of apoptosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007950000007
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) Induces the c-fos and c-jun Expressions via the EP1 Subtype of PGE Receptor in Mouse Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells (2000)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 66 (2000), S. 217-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Prostaglandin E2— Prostaglandin E receptor — MC3T3-E1 cells — c-fos — c-jun.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. This study examined which subtype(s) of PGE receptors is involved in the induction of c-fos and c-jun by PGE2 in MC3T3-E1 cells. We also investigated the possibility that the induction of these genes is involved in the growth and differentiation of this cell line. PGE2 dose-dependently induced c-fos and c-jun mRNA expressions in MC3T3-E1 cells. Of the PGE analogs, 17-phenyl-ω-trinor PGE2 (EP1 agonist) and sulprostone (EP1/EP3 agonist) were far more potent than butaprost (EP2 agonist) and 11-deoxy PGE1 (EP2/EP4 agonist) in inducing c-fos and c-jun mRNA expressions. Since MC3T3-E1 cells do not express the EP3 subtype, these results suggest that PGE2 induces c-fos and c-jun mRNA expressions through the EP1 subtype of its receptor. In order to study the functional relevance of these protooncogenes, we then studied the effect of inhibition of their synthesis by the use of antisense oligonucleotide. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) suppression by 17-phenyl-ω-trinor PGE2 was reversed by antisense oligonucleotide for either c-fos or c-jun. These results suggest that PGE2, via the EP1 subtype of the PGE receptor, negatively modulates the transition from proliferation to the matrix maturation stage through the induction of c-fos and c-jun. However, antisense oligonucleotide for c-fos or c-jun did not alter the prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 mRNA expression induced by EP1. Thus, it is possible that c-fos and c-jun inductions do not account for all the EP1-mediated PGE2 actions in MC3T3-E1 cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002230010043
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