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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel immune-type receptor genes (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Immunological reviews 181 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-065X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary: Novel immune-type receptor (NITR) genes, which initially were identified in the Southern pufferfish (Spheroides nephelus), encode products which consist of an extracellular variable (V) and V-like C2 (V/C2) domain, a transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic tail, which typically possesses an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM). Multiple NITR genes have been identified in close, contiguous chromosomal linkage. The V regions of NITRs resemble prototypic forms defined for immunoglobulin (Ig) and T-cell antigen receptor (TCR), are present in multiple families and exhibit regionalized variation in sequence, which also occurs in Ig and TCR. Comparisons of exons encoding transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions of multiple NITRs suggest that exon shuffling has factored in the diversification of the NITR gene complex. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) NITRs exhibit many of these characteristics. NITRs that have been identified in additional species of bony fish demonstrate additional variation in the number of extracellular domains as well as in the presence of intramembranous charged residues, cytoplasmic tails and ITIMs. The presence in NITRs of V regions that are related closely to those found in Ig and TCR, as well as regulatory motifs and other structural features that are characteristic of immune inhibitory receptors encoded at the leukocyte receptor cluster, suggests that the NITRs are representative of an integral stage in the evolution of innate and adaptive immune function.This research was supported by grants AI23338 to GWL and GM20231 to JAY from the National Institutes of Health as well as a grant from The Pediatric Cancer Foundation, Inc. to GWL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-065X.2001.1810121.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of PRiMA in the mouse brain: membrane anchoring and accumulation of ‘tailed’ acetylcholinesterase (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We analysed the expression of PRiMA (proline-rich membrane anchor), the membrane anchor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), by in situ hybridization in the mouse brain. We compared the pattern of PRiMA transcripts with that of AChE transcripts, as well as those of choline acetyltransferase and M1 muscarinic receptors which are considered pre- and postsynaptic cholinergic markers. We also analysed cholinesterase activity and its molecular forms in several brain structures. The results suggest that PRiMA expression is predominantly or exclusively related to the cholinergic system and that anchoring of cholinesterases to cell membranes by PRiMA represents a limiting factor for production of the AChE tailed splice variant (AChET)–PRiMA complex, which represents the major AChE component in the brain. This enzyme species is mostly associated with cholinergic neurons because the pattern of PRiMA mRNA expression largely coincides with that of ChAT. We also show that, in both mouse and human, PRiMA proteins exist as two alternative splice variants which differ in their cytoplasmic regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02914.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PHOSPHATE MARINATION OF PORK LOINS AT HIGH AND LOW INJECTION PRESSURES (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food quality 26 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4557
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Whole, boneless pork loins, divided into anterior and posterior sections, were injected with deionized water or sodium tripolyphosphate/NaCl solution at an injection pressure of 200 or 345 kPa with a constant injection level of 13%. A vacuum tumbling process subsequent to injection at 345 kPa was also evaluated. Increasing injection pressure of STPP/NaCl marinades improved cook loss, overall yield, but increased Warner-Bratzler shear values of water-only injected controls. Overall yield ranged between 84.6–98.1% for phosphate treated loins compared with yields of that ranged between 61.0–67.7% for no treatment and water injected controls. Posterior loin sections exhibited greater weight loss after 4 days storage than anterior sections. A significant marinade/position interaction was observed for total moisture. Tumbling of pork loins after needle injection increased overall yield.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.2003.tb00222.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Matrix metalloproteinases and TIMP-1 production by peripheral blood granulocytes from COPD patients and asthmatics (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Both asthmatic and COPD patients were found to have increased amounts of granulocytes and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in their sputum. The present study was conducted to investigate whether the elevated amounts of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 found in such patients' airways may be linked to an enhanced secretion by granulocytes. Blood granulocytes from asthmatics (n=10), COPD patients (n=11), and healthy controls (n=11) were isolated and cultured under basal conditions or after stimulation by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or N-formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine (fMLP). MMP-9 activity was detected by zymography while MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels were measured by ELISA. In zymography, pro- and activated forms of MMP-9 were present in each group (healthy subjects, asthmatics, and COPD patients). Spontaneous release was not different between the three groups. Stimulation by fMLP and PMA increased to a similar extent the release of MMP-9 by granulocytes in all the three groups. TIMP-1 levels were also increased after stimulation by PMA and fMLP only in healthy subjects and COPD patients. MMP-8 levels were barely detectable. We conclude that circulating granulocytes from COPD patients and asthmatics do not display an abnormal secretion of MMP-9, and that granulocytes from asthmatics have an impaired ability to release TIMP-1 upon stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.056002145.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental Scan 2000: Issues Facing State Mental Health Agencies (2000)
    Springer
    Administration and policy in mental health and mental health services research 27 (2000), S. 167-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3289
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract With the new millennium, state mental health agencies (SMHAs) are facing a variety of new issues. In this article, the authors report on the changes in state mental health systems that have occurred during the 2 years between interviews conducted with directors of each SMHA. While issues such as managed care, the influence of state Medic-aid waivers on the development of public/private partnerships, and federal welfare reform continued to be key concerns, directors are focusing more on other issues such as assessing SMHA operations, establishing linkages with other state health and human service agencies, and inculcating new knowledge, technologies, and model practices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021353217338
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Mutational Analysis of DNA Binding and Cleavage by the Homing Endonuclease PI-SceI (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular biology 34 (2000), S. 902-912 
    Details
    ISSN: 1608-3245
    Keywords: intein ; protein–nucleic acid interaction ; DNA binding ; DNA bending ; phosphodiester bond cleavage ; mechanism ; site-directed mutagenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have carried out an extensive mutational analysis of PI-SceI, the best studied intein-like homing endonuclease of the LAGLIDADG family, to find out which amino acid residues are involved in substrate binding and processing. Our analysis was focused on domain I, in which two regions were shown to be in contact with DNA, and on domain II, in which the amino acid residues making up catalytic centers I and II were identified and their role in catalysis investigated. As a result of our comprehensive mutational analysis a model is presented for DNA binding and cleavage by PI-SceI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026636011589
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