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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 21 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Field data define two lithologically distinct basement-cover sequences within the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic (UHPM) unit of the Dabie Shan, eastern China. One of the cover units, the Changpu unit, comprises calc-arenitic metasediments in stratigraphic contact with a basement consisting of gneisses of the Yangtze craton. The second cover unit, the Ganghe unit, consists of felsic-intermediate metavolcanics and clastic metasediments. Basement exposure of the Ganghe unit is not known. Fold axes in the Ganghe unit are oblique to those of the Changpu unit, which are parallel to those of the Yangtze gneisses. Preservation of primary textures in some volcanic rocks, and tectonic separation from the Yangtze gneisses by a greenschist facies mylonite, support an interpretation of the Ganghe unit as a low-strain domain. Protolith associations in the Ganghe and Changpu units are compatible with deposition in a rift setting and along a passive continental margin, respectively. A U–Pb single zircon age of 761 ± 33 Ma for volcanoclastic rocks of the Ganghe unit demonstrates a Neoproterozoic deposition age, concordant with inferred rifting at that time. Eclogite facies parageneses in the gneisses and both cover units, along with P–T data demonstrate regional UHPM in the Dabie Shan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a randomised, double-blind prospective study we compared the effects on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption of intra-operative s(+)-ketamine (100 μg.kg−1 bolus and a continuous infusion of 2 μg.kg−1.min−1) followed by postoperative patient-controlled analgesia with morphine (1 mg per bolus) plus s(+)-ketamine (0.5 mg per bolus), or intra-operative saline followed by postoperative patient-controlled analgesia morphine (1 mg per bolus) alone. A total of 28 male patients undergoing radical prostatectomy were studied. Morphine consumption, pain scores, pressure algometry and adverse effects were recorded for 48 h after surgery. Cumulative morphine consumption was significantly lower in the ketamine/morphine group (47.9 ± 26.2 mg) than in the saline/morphine group (73.4 ± 34.8 mg; p = 0.049). Pain scores at rest were significantly lower in the ketamine/morphine group across the 48-h study period (p = 0.01). No significant differences were found in pressure algometry measurements or the occurrence of adverse effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 366 (2000), S. 769-779 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In parallel to the continuous development of increasingly more sophisticated physical and chemical analytical technologies for the detection of environmental pollutants, there is a progressively more urgent need also for bioassays which report not only on the presence of a chemical but also on its bioavailability and its biological effects. As a partial fulfillment of that need, there has been a rapid development of biosensors based on genetically engineered bacteria. Such microorganisms typically combine a promoter-operator, which acts as the sensing element, with reporter gene(s) coding for easily detectable proteins. These sensors have the ability to detect global parameters such as stress conditions, toxicity or DNA-damaging agents as well as specific organic and inorganic compounds. The systems described in this review, designed to detect different groups of target chemicals, vary greatly in their detection limits, specificity, response times and more. These variations reflect on their potential applicability which, for most of the constructs described, is presently rather limited. Nevertheless, present trends promise that additional improvements will make microbial biosensors an important tool for future environmental analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Orthopäde 29 (2000), S. 821-831 
    ISSN: 1433-0431
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kongenitale Tibiapseudarthrose ; Ilizarov-Methode ; Simultane Korrektur von Pseudarthrose ; Achsenfehlstellung und Beinlängendifferenz ; Keywords Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia ; Circular frame technique ; Simultaneous correction of pseudarthrosis ; Length discrepancy and axial deformity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is one of the most challenging conditions in paediatric orthopaedics. The history of CPT treatment ischaracterised by repeatedly ineffective surgical interventions with the inevitable outcome of severe disability. Most procedures failed to account for the complexity of the problem. The past two decades have witnessed more experience having been gained with the Ilizarov technique. This method provides a comprehensive approach to all aspects of CPT problem, allowing the surgeon to simultaneously address the problems of union as well as those of deformity, length discrepancy joint function, ankle valgus and weight bearing. It appears that the goal to achieve stable fusion before the child begins school is attainable. In the pre-pseudoarthrotic stage, bracing should be preferred to surgery until the patient is in an older age group. This study reports on the results of 19 patients: 15 have finished treatment, and 14 of them with a stable fusion at follow-up. The results were highly encouraging in reaching the ultimate goal of avoiding amputation and achieving a well-functioning limb.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die kongenitale Tibiapseudarthrose gehört zu den schwierigsten Krankheitsbildern in der Kinderorthopädie. Anamenstisch findet sich bei diesen Patienten meist eine Vielzahl ineffektiver, operativer Eingriffe und letztendlich auch ein funktionell unbefriedigendes Ergebnis in Form einer den Patienten schwer behindernden Deformität. Bei den meisten dieser Behandlungsverfahren wird der Komplexität des Problems kongenitale Tibiapseudarthrose nicht entsprechend Beachtung geschenkt. In den letzten Jahren wurden deshalb Verfahren entwickelt, die eine erfolgreiche Behandlung ermöglichen. Es handelt sich dabei um den vaskularisierten Fibulatransfer und die Ilizarov-Technik. Letzterer muss unserer Meinung nach deshalb der Vorzug gegeben werden, da sie dem behandelnden Orthopäden die Möglichkeit gibt simultan sowohl Pseudarthrose, als auch Achsendeformität, Beinlängendifferenz, und Sprunggelenkvalgus zu behandeln. Weiter hat sich gezeigt, dass allzu frühe operative Eingriffe ungünstig sind und dass es sinnvoll ist, primär eine konsequente konservative Therapie durchzuführen, um im Alter von 3–6 Jahren operativ eine stabile Fusion der Pseudarthrose mit Korrektur der Begleitdeformität zu erreichen. Die vorliegende Arbeit berichtet über eigene Ergebnisse bei 19 Patienten, von denen bei 15 die Behandlung abgeschlossen wurde, wobei bei 14 Patienten eine stabile Fusion zum Zeitpunkt der Nachuntersuchung erzielt werden konnte. Die Ergebnisse waren sowohl klinisch als auch funktionell äußerst zufriedenstellend und lassen den Schluss zu, dass eine erfolgreiche Behandlung der Tibiapseudarthrose heute möglich ist und eine Amputation daher als obsolet angesehen werden muss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Fas ligand ; Gene transfer ; Low-dose immunosuppression ; Lung allograft
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The interaction between Fas and its ligand (FasL) induces apoptosis in the Fas-expressing cell. We hypothesized that liposome-mediated FasL gene transduction to the lung allograft, in addition to low-dose immunosuppression, might reduce acute rejection. Orthotopic left lung allotransplantation was performed in male rats (Brown Norway to Fischer F344). FasL gene transfer was performed by use of the plasmid pBCMGSNeo carrying the gene coding for murine FasL and the cationic liposome GL#67:DOPE. Six hundred and sixty micrograms of DNA in 250 μl H2O and 0.5 μmol GL#67 in 250 μl H2O were diluted to 5 ml with saline solution. This emulsion (20 °C) was instilled retrogradely through the left pulmonary vein after flushing with LPD solution (20 ml, at 4 °C). Subsequently, the graft was stored at 10 °C for 3 h. A single dose of cyclosporine A (CsA; 2.5 mg/kg i. m.) was given to all groups 48 h after the transplantation. In group 1 (n = 6), FasL/GL#67 was instilled as described. In group 2 (n = 5), GL#67 was given without DNA. Group 3 (n = 5) animals received CsA only. Five days after transplantation, gas exchange was assessed after exclusion of the contralateral native lung (FiO2 = 1.0). Grafts were flushed with saline solution and fixed in formaldehyde for histological evaluation. No statistical difference in gas exchange (PaO2) between the two control groups 2 (6.4 ± 0.4 kPa) and 3 (7.4 ± 0.4 kPa) could be detected 5 days postoperatively (P = 0.9). In contrast, grafts transduced with FasL (group 1) had significantly better gas exchange on postoperative day 5 (PaO2: group 1 37.0 ± 10.6 kPa vs group 2 6.4 ± 0.41 kPa; P = 0.002). Two animals in group 1 revealed no or only minimal improvement in gas exchange. Histologically, all lung specimen of all groups showed signs of acute rejection (A2). Leukocyte infiltrates, rated by two independent observers, were less severe in all group 1 animals. Liposome-mediated FasL gene transfer at the time of harvest in combination with low-dose CsA reduces acute rejection in four out of six animals in this model of rat lung allotransplantation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 292 (2000), S. 225-232 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Melanoma ; Melanoma-metastases ; Bcl-2 ; Bcl-x ; Bax
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Apoptosis is an important cofactor in the pathogenesis of a plethora of malignancies. However, little is known about modulation of the expression of bcl gene family in melanocytic tumors. To determine the role of bcl-2, bcl-x and bax in melanocytic tumors we investigated the differential expression of these genes via RT-PCR in tissue samples from human ¶benign nevi, primary melanomas and melanoma metastases in comparison with normal skin. Bcl-2 was strongly expressed in 14/16 metastases (87.5%), whereas only 7/13 primary melanomas (53%), 7/15 nevi (46%) and 7/16 normal tissue samples (43%) showed expression of bcl-2 (P 〈 0.05). There was a strong indication of a correlation between tumor thickness and bcl-2 expression in nodular malignant melanomas. Expression of bcl-x was found in 16/16 melanoma metastases (100%), 11/13 primary melanomas (84%), 12/15 nevi (80%) and 10/16 normal tissue samples (62%) (P 〈 0.05). Bcl-xL expression increased from primary melanoma to melanoma metastases, whereas bcl-xS showed a decreasing expression level during melanoma progression. No differences in bax expression were seen between melanoma metastases, primary melanoma, nevi and normal tissue. Immunohistochemical investigations of another 53 tissue samples showed similar results. Our results strongly indicate that bcl-2 and bcl-xL gene expression increases with progression of malignant melanoma. Bcl-2 and bcl-xL expression could reflect an increased malignant potential caused by an inhibition of apoptosis and growth advantage for metastatic melanoma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 238 (2000), S. 123-128 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  · Background: Differences between the pupillomotor sensitivity of nasal and temporal retinal hemifields may contribute to the relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) seen in optic tract or pretectal lesions. To understand the architecture of the pupillary pathway, it is necessary to know the size and the prevalence of such naso-temporal differences and also of contraction anisocoria (unequal direct and consensual pupillary responses) in normal individuals. The results of previous studies have been only partially consistent. · Methods: We registered the direct and consensual pupillary light reactions in both central retinal hemifields of 42 healthy subjects by means of IR video pupillography. Stimuli were generated under mesopic conditions on a computer screen as half-circles with 4.6 cd/m2 and 10 deg radius. Stimulus duration was 200 ms with a stimulation interval of 4 s. · Results: The nasal retina was significantly more sensitive than the temporal retina, and the direct pupillary reactions were significantly larger than the consensual reactions. For the nasal retina, direct pupillary reactions exceeded the consensual reactions, whereas there was nearly no difference between direct and consensual reactions for the temporal retina.· Conclusion: RAPD in optic tract damage or pretectal lesions cannot be explained by the only slightly more sensitive nasal retina. Considerably more input would be needed from the contralateral than from the ipsilateral retina into the optic tract. The nearly equal direct and consensual pupil reactions when stimulating the temporal retina suggest an input of temporal retina to both sides of the pretectum. Such a crossing of temporal fibres may take place in the chiasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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