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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patientenorientierte Anästhesie (2000)
    Springer
    Der Anaesthesist 49 (2000), S. 1024-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Anästhesie ; Qualitätsmanagement ; Patientenzufriedenheit ; Öffentlichkeitsarbeit ; Keywords Anaesthesia ; Quality assurance ; Patient satisfaction ; Marketing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Goals of this study were to quantify patients' preferences for anaesthesia care and to identify what they know about various tasks of an anaesthetist. On the day before surgery, 122 patients scheduled for elective procedures were interviewed using a structured questionaire.A reliable pain relieve and unawareness as well as stable vital functions have priority in patients' preferences. Patients are also concerned with good postoperative pain relieve and the avoidance of nausea and vomiting. Not important are short preoperative soberness, rapid awakening and initial wide awakeness. Not informed about typical tasks of an anaesthetist are 28–51% of the patients. In order to obtain maximum patient satisfaction, a thorough education plus further continuous training are the essential items for a patient orientated health care management in anaesthesia, along with good medical and technical equipment. The wide spectrum of tasks of an anaesthetist must be better represented in order to strengthen the position of anaesthesia in the competition for rare ressources. A postoperative visit, which is judged of 77% of the patients as important, offers a beginning.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit der vorliegenden Patientenbefragung sollte geklärt werden, was Patienten von der Anästhesie erwarten sowie über das Aufgabenspektrum des Anästhesisten wissen. Anhand eines strukturierten Fragebogens wurden 122 Patienten, die sich elektiven Eingriffen in Allgemeinanästhesie unterzogen, am Vorabend der Operation interviewt. Priorität bei der anästhesiologischen Versorgung haben eine zuverlässige Schmerz- und Bewusstseinsausschaltung sowie stabile Vitalfunktionen. Wichtig sind auch eine gute postoperative Schmerztherapie sowie die Vermeidung von Übelkeit, völlig unwichtig eine kurze präoperative Nüchternheit, ein rasches Erwachen aus der Narkose sowie postoperatives Hellwachsein. Selbst bei typischen Anästhesieleistungen realisieren 28–51% der Patienten nicht die Zuständigkeit des Narkosearztes. Um eine größtmögliche Patientenzufriedenheit zu erzielen, ist neben einer guten medizintechnischen Ausstattung eine hervorragende Aus- und Weiterbildung das Kernelement eines patientenorientierten Qualitätsmanagements in der Anästhesie. Das Leistungsspektrum muss besser dargestellt werden, um die Position der Anästhesie bei der Verteilung knapper Ressourcen zu stärken. Einen Ansatz bietet die postoperative Visite, die von 77% der Patienten als wichtig erachtet wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001010070017
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent annular erythema of infancy associated with intestinal Candida colonization (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 25 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report a case of persistent annular erythema of infancy in a 4-month-old boy. Physical and laboratory parameters showed no sign of internal disease or specific infection except a massive Candida albicans colonization (〉 103 organisms/mm3) of the lower gastrointestinal tract. Oral treatment with amphotericin B for 2 weeks resulted in a complete remission of the skin lesions indicating Candida colonization as a trigger.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2230.2000.00675.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetism of ultrathin FeCo (001) films on GaAs(001) (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5457-5459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial Fe34Co66 films in a thickness range from 3 to 100 monolayers (MLs) were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs(001) at room temperature. The growth was characterized by reflection high energy electron diffraction and x-ray diffraction. The magnetic properties were investigated by alternating gradient magnetometry magneto-optic Kerr effect, and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry. The films show a strong interface-induced uniaxial in-plane anisotropy with the easy axis along [110]. In addition, the fourfold anisotropy coefficient changes sign around 6 ML i.e., the easy axis of the fourfold anisotropy switches from 〈110〉 to 〈100〉 with decreasing thickness. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373371
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stacking fault effects in pure and n-type doped GaAs (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 907-909 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using ab initio total-energy calculations, we investigate the effects of stacking faults on the properties of dopants in pure and n-type doped GaAs. We find that the Si impurity segregates towards a GaAs stacking fault. A Si atom at a Ga site in the stacking fault, in either a neutral or a negative charge state, is energetically favorable as compared to a Si atom at a Ga site in a crystalline environment by as much as 0.2 eV. We also find that a Si impurity in the stacking fault cannot occupy metastable positions, as occurs in the formation of DX centers. Thus, stacking faults can prevent the formation of DX-like centers in GaAs. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1347005
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solving the structural model for the Si(001)–In(4×3) surface (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 203-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The atomic geometry, energetic, and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) simulations of the In-induced Si(001)-(4×3) surface have been investigated using first-principles total energy calculations. We have studied three distinct (4×3) structural models, which have been proposed based on STM and x-ray diffraction experiments. The energetic stability calculations indicate that the (4×3) model formed by In–Si–In mixed trimer is the most stable structure. In addition, we have simulated the STM images (for occupied states) of these three models. Our STM image for the In–Si–In mixed trimer structure presents a good agreement with the experimentally observed single central protrusion localized on the top-layer Si atom. Also, the calculated equilibrium atomic geometry of the In–Si–In mixed trimer model presents a good agreement with the experimentally obtained x-ray diffraction results. The other two proposed models are energetically less favorable by as much as 0.2 eV/(1×1) compared to the mixed trimer model. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1383275
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in collagen I and collagen III metabolism in patients with generalized atopic eczema undergoing medium-dose ultraviolet A1 phototherapy (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 142 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fourteen patients suffering from acute, exacerbated atopic eczema were screened for changes in collagen I and collagen III metabolism in serum (n = 11), urine (n = 11) and skin biopsies (n = 9) before and after medium-dose ultraviolet (UV) A1 phototherapy (15 exposures of 50 J/cm2 over a 3-week period, total dose 750 J/cm2). Mature collagen I and, to a lesser extent, mature collagen III were found to be decreased after the therapy in skin samples from the irradiated patients. As markers of collagen I degradation, the cross-links pyridoline and deoxypyridoline were analysed in urine using high-performance liquid chromatography. Both cross-links were found to be mildly increased after UVA1 phototherapy, without reaching statistical significance. As markers of de novo collagen synthesis we screened for the procollagen I-carboxyterminal peptide (PICP) and procollagen III-aminoterminal peptide (PIIINP) levels in serum and skin. The ratio of PICP to PIIINP in serum dropped significantly after the UVA1 phototherapy, suggesting a different impact of UVA1 on the two collagens. These findings were paralleled by a diminished ratio of PICP to PIIINP in tissue samples. Staining for matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) and its specific counterpart, tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1), showed slight increases for both proteins by therapeutic UVA1; this was also seen in serum for TIMP-1 but not MMP-1. In our study, high-energy UVA1 doses induced changes of the skin collagens in patients with atopic eczema which are measurable by their metabolites in serum and urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03359.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoskopisch kontrollierte Chirurgie mit dem Mikrobohrer und Intubation der Tränenwege (2000)
    Springer
    Der Ophthalmologe 97 (2000), S. 870-873 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Tränenwegsstenose ; Dakryoendoskopie ; Dakryozystorhinostomie ; Laserdakryoplastik ; Mikrodrill-Dacryoplastik ; Keywords Lacrimal stenosis ; Dacryoendoscopy ; Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Laser dacryoplasty ; Microdrill- dacryoplasty
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Purpose. Operative procedures to manage lacrimal outflow obstruction were made traditionally without endoscopic assistance. For dacryoendoscopy we previously used a 0.5-mm endoscope with a special wash cannula. We now use the microendoscope Vitroptic T for dacryoendoscopy and for endoscopically controlled surgery with a microdrill. Methods. In an attempt to perform microinvasive lacrimal surgery we use a 1.1-mm endoscope (Vitroptik T) with a wash cannula, a channel for the microoptic and a channel for a microdrill. We report on our initial experiences and on the results of eight patients with stenosis of the lacrimal outflow system who were treated with an endoscopic microdrill and silicone tubing. One patient had lacrimal stenosis after external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), and seven patients showed punctual stenosis in the nasolacrimal duct. Results. Using the dacryoendoscope (Vitroptic T) we were able to visualize pathologic changes of the lacrimal outflow system. Intraoperative situations during dacryoendoscopy are demonstrated. The Vitroptic T allows dacryoendoscopy and endoscopically controlled surgery of the lacrimal drainage system. Three months after surgery in six patients (75%) the lacrimal outflow system was patent with the silicone tube in place, and these patients had no epiphora. The patient with re-stenosis after external DCR showed patency. Conclusions. Dacryoendoscopy and endoscopic controlled surgery of the lacrimal drainage system enables atraumatic and minimally invasive surgery. The Vitroptik T with the microdrill allows endoscopically controlled microsurgery. Possible indications for the microdrill are punctual stenosis and re-stenosis after external DCR.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund. Die operative Versorgung der Tränenwege erfolgte traditionell ohne endoskopische Hilfsmittel. Für die Dakryoendoskopie benutzten wir früher eine Zwei-Wege-Sonde mit einem Kanal für das Miniendoskop und einem Spülkanal. Beschrieben wird der Einsatz einer Drei-Wege-Sonde (Vitroptik T®) mit einem Kanal für die Mikrooptik, einem Spülkanal und einem Arbeitskanal für den Mikrobohrer. Methoden. Für die minimal invasive Tränenwegchirurgie setzen wir ein 1,1 mm Drei-Wege-Endoskop (Vitroptik T®) mit einem zusätzlichen Kanal für einen Mikrobohrer ein. Wir berichten über unsere ersten Erfahrungen und die Ergebnisse von 8 Patienten mit Tränenwegstenose, die wir mit dem endoskopischen Mikrobohrer und anschließender Intubation mit einem Silikonschläuchlein behandelten. Ein Patient zeigte eine Restenose nach externer Dakryozystorhinostomie (DCR), 7 Patienten hatten kurzstreckige Stenosen im Ductus nasolacrimalis. Ergebnisse. Die Dakryoendoskopie erlaubt neben der direkten Beurteilung der Schleimhautverhältnisse die Lokalisation von Stenosen und den Nachweis von Konkrementen. Mit dem 3-Kanal-Endoskop (Vitroptik T®) ist eine endoskopisch kontrollierte Chirurgie der ableitenden Tränenwege möglich. 3 Monate nach dem Eingriff zeigten 6 Patienten (75%) eine Durchgängigkeit der ableitenden Tränenwege bei liegendem Silikonschläuchlein. Diese Patienten hatten keine Epiphora mehr. Auch der Patient mit einer Restenose war symptomfrei. Schlussfolgerungen. Die Dakryoendoskopie und die endoskopisch kontrollierte Mikrochirurgie der ableitenden Tränenwege gewährleisten ein atraumatisches Vorgehen und eine minimal invasive Chirurgie. Das Endoskop Vitroptik T® mit dem Mikrobohrer erlaubt die Mikrochirurgie unter endoskopischer Sicht. Mögliche Indikationen für den Mikrobohrer stellen kurzstreckige Stenosen und Restenosen nach externer DCR dar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003470070011
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The contribution of short repeats of low sequence complexity to large conifer genomes (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 7-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Pinus ; Gymnosperms ; Simple sequence repeats ; Microsatellites ; Minisatellites ; Telomere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The abundance and genomic organization of six simple sequence repeats, consisting of di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide sequence motifs, and a minisatellite repeat have been analyzed in different gymnosperms by Southern hybridization. Within the gymnosperm genomes investigated, the abundance and genomic organization of micro- and minisatellite repeats largely follows taxonomic groupings. We found that only particular simple sequence repeat motifs are amplified in gymnosperm genomes, while others such as (CAC)5 and (GACA)4 are present in only low copy numbers. The variation in abundance of simple sequence motifs reflects a similar situation to that found in angiosperms. Species of the two- and three-needle pine section Pinus are relatively conserved and can be distinguished from Pinus strobus which belongs to the five-needle pine section Strobus. The hybridization pattern of Picea species, bald cypress and gingko were different from the patterns detected in the Pinus species. Furthermore, sequences with homology to the plant telomeric repeat (TTTAGGG)n have been analyzed in the same set of gymnosperms. Telomere-like repeats are highly amplified within two- and three- needle pine genomes, such as slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii), compared to P. strobus, Picea species, bald cypress and gingko. P. elliottii var. elliottii was used as a representative species to investigate the chromosomal organization of telomere-like sequences by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The telomere-like sequences are not restricted to the ends of chromosomes; they form large intercalary and pericentric blocks showing that they are a repeated component of the slash pine genome.Conifers have genomes larger than 20000 Mbp, and our results clearly demonstrate that repeats of low sequence complexity, such to (CA)8, (GA)8, (GGAT)4 and (GATA)4, and minisatellite- and telomere-like sequences represent a large fraction of the repetitive DNA of these species. The striking differences in abundance and genome organization of the various repeat motifs suggest that these repetitive sequences evolved differently in the gymnosperm genomes investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051442
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