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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism During Mild Hypothermia in Patients with Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 142 (2000), S. 1117-1122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Hypothermia; cerebral aneurysm; subarachnoid haemorrhage; positron emission tomography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary ¶ Cerebral blood flow and O2 metabolism during hypothermia (33–34°C) was evaluated in 5 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage by positron emission tomography (PET). Their preoperative clinical condition was WFNS scale IV or V. The patients received surface cooling postoperatively, and were maintained in a hypothermic state during transfer for radiological examination. Positron emission tomography revealed a decrease in cerebral blood flow and O2 metabolic rate. Cerebral blood flow was 34.8±15.1 ml/100ml/min and the O2 metabolic rate was 1.85±0.61 ml/100ml/min in areas of the middle cerebral artery ipsilateral to the ruptured aneurysms, whereas these values were 30.8±7.1 and 2.21±0.45 ml/100ml/min, respectively, on the contralateral side. This represents a decrease of 37±27% compared to normal cerebral blood flow and 52±16% compared to normal O2 metabolic rate (p〈0.02) in the ipsilateral areas, and decreases of 44±13% and 43±12%, respectively, on the contralateral side. The present results reflected the luxury perfusion state in almost all cases and provide the first PET evidence of decreased cerebral blood flow and metabolic rate of O2 during hypothermia in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010070039
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of vegetative growth and reproduction in relation to branch orders: the plant as a spatially structured population (2000)
    Springer
    Trees 14 (2000), S. 329-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0931-1890
    Keywords: Key words Vegetative growth ; Reproduction ; Spatially structured population ; Hierarchical allocation ; Opportunity cost
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  The patterns of vegetative growth and reproduction in relation to orders of terminal branches were examined in the evergreen woody plant, Eurya japonica. The branch order number was determined centrifugally. The trunk was given order number 1; branches issuing directly from the trunk were order 2; branches growing on order 2 branches were order 3, and so on. The results of this study show the differential patterns of vegetative growth and reproduction in relation to the branch orders. Lower-order shoots of terminal branches grew more, but produced few flowers. On the other hand, for the higher-order terminal branches, shoot growth was very limited but flowering was more intense. The results show that a tree can be interpreted not as a mere population of equivalent modules but as a spatially structured population. Thus, it is essential to consider the position of modules within the branch system when patterns of vegetative growth and reproduction are examined. It is hypothesized that the difference in the opportunity cost in relation to the branch orders is the main cause of the spatial structure for patterns of vegetative growth and reproduction. Furthermore, for same-order terminal branches, current-year shoot elongation was independent of flowering intensity. These results suggest that this species only invests resources in reproduction that are surplus to its requirements for the functions associated with survival, such as growth and/or storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004680050226
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Immunological Assessment of Myosin Degradation in Pressurized Chicken Muscle (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 66 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The factors affecting myosin degradation that occurred during aging following high-pressure treatment over a pressure range from 200 to 600 MPa were investigated by using SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting analysis. The immunoblot pattern of myosin in muscle stored at 37°C for 48 h after pressure treatment at 0. 1 MPa (atmospheric pressure) or 200 MPa for 5 min was similar to that of native myosin incubated with cathepsin D, whereas at 400 or 600 MPa the pattern was close to that of native myosin incubated with cathepsin B. This phenomenon was reflected in the pressure-susceptibilities of cathepsins B and D as reported in the literature (Homma and others 1994). However, these catheptic enzymes released by pressure treatment are unlikely to play a role in pressure-induced tenderization of meat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb16092.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring Myosin Degradation During Conditioning in Chicken Meat Using an Immunological Method (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 66 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Changes of chicken breast myosin during storage at 2°C and 37°C were monitored immunochemically. Anti-myosin subfragment-1 (S-1) monoclonal antibody, which recognized epitopes within the 27 kDa fragment of S-1, and the anti-myosin rod polyclonal antiserum, were prepared. Myosin degradation products were not detected in muscle extracts stored for 3 weeks at 2°C. In contrast, storage at 37°C brought about the degradation of myosin heavy chain to immunologically detectable small fragments. While, myosin rod produced during the conditioning period was not decomposed into any small filaments. Namely, storage of muscle at 37°C resulted in minor amounts of myosin heavy chain degradation, with initial conversion to rod and S-1 fragments, and subsequent breakdown occurred in the S-1 region only. Immunoblot assay also suggested that the pattern of changes in myosin heavy chain in muscle incubated at 37°C was similar to that produced by in vitro digestion with cathepsin D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb16091.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feasibility of ex vivo gene therapy for neurological disorders using the new retroviral vector GCDNsap packaged in the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 82 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Neuronal progenitor cells (NPC) are particularly suited as the target population for genetic and cellular therapy of neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease or stroke. However, genetic modification of these cells using retroviral vectors remains a great challenge because of the low transduction rate and the need for fetal calf serum (FCS) during the transduction process that induces the cell differentiation to mature neurons. To overcome these problems, we developed a new retrovirus production system in which the simplified retroviral vector GCDNsap engineered to be resistant to denovo methylation was packaged in the vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G), concentrated by centrifugation, and resuspended in serum-free medium (StemPro-34 SFM). In transduction experiments using enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a marker, the concentrated FCS-free virus supernatant infected NPC at a high rate, while maintaining the ability of these cells to self-renew and differentiate in vitro. When such cells were grafted into mouse brains, EGFP-expressing NPC were detected in the region around the injection site at 8 weeks post transplantation. These findings suggest that the gene transfer system described here may provide a useful tool to genetically modify NPC for treatments of neurological disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01048.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical and histopathological spectrum of cutaneous vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 147 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background Cutaneous manifestations are the most frequent, and often the initial feature of extra-articular involvement in patients with rheumatoid vasculitis. Objectives The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical and histological spectrum of cutaneous vasculitis and the associated systemic involvement in patients with rheumatoid vasculitis. Methods Among 525 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 20 tissue specimens with histologically proven cutaneous necrotizing vasculitis from 11 patients were investigated by studying the types and levels of affected vessels and related clinical features. Results Small-vessel vasculitis identified as dermal necrotizing venulitis was found in 10 patients, clinically characterized by palpable purpura, maculopapular erythema, erythema elevatum diutinum and haemorrhagic blisters. Arteritis histologically resembling cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa, clinically characterized by subcutaneous nodules, livedo reticularis, atrophie blanche and deep ulcers was identified in four patients all with systemic complications. Coexistence of venulitis and arteritis was identified in three patients. Different cutaneous vasculitic manifestations often coexisted and recurred in the same patient. Three patients with systemic complications of mononeuritis multiplex (two of three), interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (two of three) and abdominal microaneurysms (one of three) died within 1 year of onset of the cutaneous vasculitis. Immunofluorescence demonstrated vessel wall deposition of IgM and/or complement in six of the seven patients examined. Conclusions Features of cutaneous rheumatoid vasculitis overlapping both the characteristics of cutaneous necrotizing venulitis and cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa together with coexistence of these different type of vasculitis in the same or different lesional skin account for the associated diverse cutaneous vasculitic manifestations. Although dermal venulitis (leucocytoclastic vasculitis) was the most common presentation, the presence of leucocytoclastic vasculitis in rheumatoid patients did not necessarily indicate a favourable prognosis. Associations with mononeuritis multiplex and bowel involvement had a fatal prognosis, while patients with superficial dermal venulitis without other extra-articular involvement may follow a favourable prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04933.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucose dilution can detect fluid redistribution following phentolamine infusion in dogs (2000)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 26 (2000), S. 1131-1138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Phentolamine ; Measurement techniques ; Glucose ; Indocyanine green ; Fluid redistribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: We have recently reported that the initial distribution volume of glucose (IDVG) reliably measures the central extracellular fluid (ECF) volume in the presence of fluid gain or loss. However, it is not clear if IDVG consistently reflects central-ECF volume when redistribution of fluid occurs in the absence of fluid gain or loss. This study was designed to investigate changes in fluid volumes during phentolamine infusion in dogs. Design: Prospective animal study. Setting: Institutional animal research laboratory. Subjects: Fourteen anesthetized and ventilated mongrel dogs. Interventions: Anesthetized animals were mechanically ventilated and received infusions of normal saline (n = 7) or phentolamine (10 μg kg min) (n = 7). Plasma volume was estimated using the indocyanine green (ICG) dilution method (PV-ICG) and IDVG was calculated using a one-compartment model by simultaneous administration of ICG 0.5 mg/kg and glucose 100 mg/kg before, during, and after infusion of either drug. Measurements and results: PV-ICG during infusion was not different between groups. However, IDVG significantly decreased (P 〈 0.05) following phentolamine infusion when compared with normal saline infusion. Conclusion: Our results suggest that IDVG rather than PV-ICG consistently measures central extracellular fluid volume, even when redistribution of fluid occurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340051328
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Terrestrial influences on the Shiraho fringing reef, Ishigaki Island, Japan: high carbon input relative to phosphate (2000)
    Springer
    Coral reefs 19 (2000), S. 172-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Keywords: Key words Carbon budget ; Nutrients ; Total carbon dioxide ; Fringing reef ; Ground water
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of CO2 system parameters and nutrients showed the potential influence of terrestrial inputs on the carbon budget of a fringing coral reef on Ishigaki Island, Japan. Land-derived freshwaters, including river and ground water, make a relatively large contribution (0.5–1.2% by volume) to the water circulation of the reef. These terrestrial waters exhibit extremely high fugacity of CO2 (fCO2 up to 6400 μatm), reflecting enrichments in total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon. Since the dissolved inorganic C:P ratio is anomalously high in terrestrial waters compared with the mean C:P ratios of primary production, excess carbon could be released into the atmosphere. Terrestrial inputs deliver a large quantity of C relative to P. The study site was a source of CO2 at the time of measurement. Such a situation is likely to prevail all year round, and it may occur elsewhere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003380000093
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new hydrous phase δ-AlOOH synthesized at 21 GPa and 1000 °C (2000)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 27 (2000), S. 689-693 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Keywords: Key words Aluminum oxide hydroxide ; Hydrous mineral ; High-pressure ; Transition zone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  A new phase of AlOOH (tentatively called δ-AlOOH) was synthesized at 21 GPa and 1000 °C and its crystal structure was identified by a powder X-ray diffraction method. Rietveld refinement revealed that this aluminum oxide hydroxide has an orthorhombic unit cell, a = 4.7134(1) Å, b = 4.2241(1) Å, c = 2.83252(8) Å, V = 56.395 (5) Å3, and Z = 2 in the space group of P21 nm. A calculated density is 3.533 g cm−3, which is about 4.48 and 15.04% denser than that of diaspore and boehmite, respectively. The δ-[Al0.86Mg0.07Si0.07]OOH is also stable at 21 GPa and 1000 °C, coexisting with majorite and phase egg, and its cell parameters are a = 4.710(1) Å, b = 4.215(1) Å, c = 2.839(1) Å, and V = 56.37(1) Å3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002690000120
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Report of a patient with aortic dissection evolving into binocular ischemic retinopathy (2000)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 238 (2000), S. 200-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract · Background: Carotid artery disease is known to cause a variety of ischemic ocular syndromes. We report a patient with an aortic dissection that evolved into binocular ischemic retinopathy. · Methods: Case report.· Results: A 49-year-old male patient presented with stomach pains and with no ophthalmologic symptoms. After extensive examination, a diagnosis of aortic dissection was made to account for the acute abdominal pain. Sixteen days later, he noted binocular photopsia and ophthalmoscopy revealed ischemic retinopathy. Arterial stent implantation and right coronary reconstitution surgery were performed. Subsequently, the ischemic lesions in the retina disappeared and no abnormality was observed by retinal angiography 1 year later. · Conclusion: Binocular ischemic retinopathy can be a sign of aortic or carotid dissection, and these observations suggest that aortic dissection should be included in the differential diagnosis whenever ischemic changes are detected in the retina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004170050033
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