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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 210 (2000), S. 180-189 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Globin genes ; Erythropoiesis ; Metamorphosis ; Thyroid hormone ; Salamander
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Transition of hemoglobin (Hb) from larval to adult types during the metamorphosis in a salamander Hynobius retardatus has been reported to occur almost independently of thyroid activity, in contrast to the case with many amphibians. In order to obtain further information on the mechanism of the transition in H. retardatus, larval and adult globin cDNAs were cloned, and the globin gene expression was analyzed in normally developing and metamorphosis-arrested animals. Northern hybridization and RT-PCR revealed that larval globin genes were initially expressed 5 days before hatching, and unexpectedly remained expressed even in juveniles 2 years old. The adult globin gene was expressed 19 days after hatching, much earlier than the initiation of morphological metamorphosis. Furthermore, the pattern of globin gene expression in metamorphosis-arrested larvae was almost identical to that in normal controls, suggesting that the transition occurs independently of thyroid hormones. In larvae recovering from anemia, precocious Hb transition, which occurs in Xenopus laevis and Rana catesbeiana, did not occur in H. retardatus. In situ hybridization convincingly demonstrated that the erythropoietic sites are the ventral blood island and the dorsolateral plate at the prehatching stage. During the ontogeny they changed to the liver, kidney, and spleen and were finally restricted to the spleen. Single erythroid cells expressed concurrently larval and adult globin genes, as demonstrated by double in situ hybridization. Thus the transition occurred within a single erythroid cell population, a unique characteristic of H. retardatus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Basilar artery ; Vasoconstriction ; Cyclosporine A ; Bone marrow transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report here the case of a 32-year-old woman who suffered from a unique angiopathy in the central nervous system (CNS). She died of multiple infarcts in the brain stem and cerebellum during treatment with cyclosporine A after bone marrow transplantation for refractory anemia with excess of blasts. The autopsy findings showed segmental narrowing of the basilar artery, in which circumferential dissection of the internal elastic lamina had occurred. The distal portion of the basilar artery was obstructed by upward dislocation of the dissected intima. Similar angiopathy was also observed at multiple sites along the basilar artery branches. These findings suggest endothelial damage, including vasoconstriction and dissection of the CNS arteries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy ; Cerebellar dentate nucleus neuron ; Skein-like inclusion ; Polyglutamine ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have recently reported that, in addition to the widespread occurrence of ubiquitinated neuronal intranuclear inclusions (NIIs), the restricted occurrence of ubiquitinated intracytoplasmic filamentous inclusions in the neurons of the cerebellar dentate nucleus (CDN) is a characteristic feature of dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA). Interestingly, these neuronal intracytoplasmic filamentous inclusions (NIFIs) were morphologically indistinguishable from the skein-like inclusions (SLIs) described previously in the spinal anterior horn cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In the present study, we examined immunohistochemically the CDN in ten patients with clinicopathologically and genetically confirmed DRPLA and the spinal anterior horns in five patients with sporadic ALS, using a monoclonal antibody (1C2) directed against long polyglutamine stretches. In all of the patients with DRPLA, both the NIFIs and the NIIs were visualized clearly with 1C2. Conversely, in the patients with ALS all structures, including the SLIs, were completely negative. These findings indicate that in DRPLA, the NIFIs in the CDN are an alteration that is directly related to the causative gene abnormality (an expanded CAG repeat encoding polyglutamine) and that, from the molecular point of view, they are distinct from the SLIs in ALS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Ballooned neuron ; Golgi apparatus ; Corticobasal degeneration ; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated immunohistologically the Golgi apparatus (GA) and the trans-Golgi network (TGN) of the cortical ballooned neurons (BNs) in two patients with corticobasal degeneration and in five with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. We observed that the BNs showed fragmentation of the GA and the TGN, accompanied by a reduction in the number of fragmented Golgi elements and by a unique perinuclear distribution. This is the first report of the abnormalities of GA in cortical BNs. These findings suggests that the GA and the TGN may play some roles in the BN formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1858
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 18 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  We observed nishikinezumi, cinnamon-coloured (NC)/Fujita (F) mice aged between 5 and 28 weeks. These NC mice have skin eruptions that resemble human atopic dermatitis (AD) under conventional circumstances.Object  We investigated the skin of eruptive and non-eruptive lesions in NC/F mice by using haematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining, toluidine blue staining and immunohistopathological study with immunoglobulin (Ig)EɛRI, CD23, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, interferon (INF)-γ and Ia antigen.Results  Histological examination of the eruptive lesions revealed the perivascular infiltration of many lymphocytes and mast cells into the upper dermis. Intracellular oedema of the epidermis, lymphocyte infiltration into the epidermis and liquefaction degeneration of the basal layer were also observed. The numbers of IL-4 and IL-5 positive cells in the eruptive lesions were larger than those of the non-eruptive lesions. IL-4 and IL-5 positive cells in the eruptive lesions increased weekly. Some IFN-γ positive cells were observed in the eruptive lesions after 21 weeks. IFN-γ positive cells were scarce in the skin of both the non-eruptive and eruptive lesions before 21 weeks. Serum IgE increased from 7 weeks to 21 weeks.Discussion  We confirmed that these findings indicated that T helper (Th)2-dominant immunological activation transformed to a Th1-dominant situation. Many IgEɛRI positive cells were recognized in the dermis of the eruptive lesions by the time IgE had decreased. We assumed that the dermatitis before 21 weeks was an IgE-mediated allergy. We have previously reported that older NC/F mice had positive patch-test reactions to mites. Because serum IgE decreased after 21 weeks, dermatitis after 21 weeks might be associated more with cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity than with IgE-mediated immediate allergy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 42 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Erythrokeratoderma (EK) variabilis is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by migratory erythematous patches and hyperkeratotic plaques. Mutations in connexin 31 have recently been found to underlie several cases of EK variabilis. We describe a Japanese girl with extensive lesions that appeared to be a form of EK variabilis, clinically resembling genodermatose en cocardes (Degos). Our patient had characteristic migratory rosette or target-like erythematous keratotic plaques with peripheral scaling in addition to relatively fixed keratotic plaques. Sequencing of the connexin 31 gene did not detect mutations. Skin biopsy showed parakeratotic hyperkeratosis with hypergranulosis. Immunohistochemically, suprabasal keratins, involucrin and profilaggrin were unequivocally expressed, while loricrin expression was greatly diminished and deiminated K1 was undetectable. Our results confirm aetiological heterogeneity in EK. The histological features suggest disruption of keratinocyte terminal differentiation at a very late stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 5362-5367 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Melt-regrowth properties of 60-nm-thick silicon films were characterized in the case of electrical-current-induced joule heating. The electrical energy accumulated at a capacitance caused melting of the silicon films via joule heating with a maximum intensity at 1.5×106 W/cm2. The melt-regrowth duration increased from 6 to 75 μs as the capacitance increased to 0.05–1.5 μF. Crystalline properties of the silicon films were also investigated. 7 μm long crystalline grains with the (110) preferential crystalline orientation were observed using a transmission electron microscope. The tensile stress at 3.4×108 Pa remained in the films. The analysis of electrical conductivity resulted in a density of defect states of 3.5×1016 cm−3 in the films. The product of the generation efficiency, the carrier mobility and the average carrier lifetime was estimated to be ∼10−3 cm2/V. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 3249-3259 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Thick-film technology has been successfully adapted for the design and fabrication of magnetic probes of a new type suitable for use in the simultaneous ultrahigh vacuum and high temperature environment of a nuclear fusion device. The maximum usable temperature is expected to be around 900 °C. This new probe has a specific sensitivity (coupling area per unit volume) an order of magnitude higher than a conventional coil. The new probe in one implementation is capable of simultaneously measuring magnetic field in three orthogonal directions about a single spatial point and in two frequency ranges. Low frequency coils have a measured coupling area of 296–323 cm2, and a frequency response of about 300 kHz. High frequency coils have a design coupling area of 12–15 cm2. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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