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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impacts of anthropogenic stress on rocky intertidal communities (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of aquatic ecosystem stress and recovery 7 (2000), S. 273-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5141
    Keywords: anthropogenic stress ; community ; harvesting ; human impact ; introduced species ; pollution ; rocky shore ; siltation ; trampling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rocky shores provide a harsh environment for marine organisms andwe briefly discuss natural sources of variation in community structure beforeconsidering anthropogenic impacts in detail. We review impacts caused by (a) acutedisturbances: oil spills, toxic algal blooms and (b) chronic disturbances: nutrient pollution,oil, heavy metals, pesticides, antifouling paints, collecting, trampling/habitatdegradation, siltation and introduced species. Community level effects are emphasisedthroughout and illustrative examples are drawn from field-based case studies. Particularattention is given to the lessons learned from oil spills and the effect of chronicpollution by tributyltin on dogwhelks, the impacts of which ranged from the biochemical tocommunity levels of organisation. Impacts are placed in a global and historicalperspective and the potential for the recovery of shores under appropriate management isdiscussed. Finally we consider the relative merits of the multivariate and univariateapproaches to studying impacted communities and suggest priorities for future research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009911928100
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feast or famine for intertidal grazing molluscs: a mis-match between seasonal variations in grazing intensity and the abundance of microbial resources (2000)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 440 (2000), S. 357-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: top-down ; bottom-up ; biofilm ; microphytobenthos ; density dependence ; intra-specific competition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Distinct seasonal variations in the abundance of photosynthetic microbiota and limpet grazing intensity were recorded at Port St Mary, Isle of Man between January 1994 and June 1996. Microbial abundance was negatively correlated with insolation stress, while grazing intensity was positively correlated with sea and air temperature. These patterns result in a mis-match between the supply of and the demand for microbial resources with maximal grazing intensity during the summer and autumn, but maximal microbial standing stock during the winter and early spring. The importance of top-down control of microbial assemblages by grazing was demonstrated by experimental exclusion of limpets during autumn 1993. This resulted in a four-fold increase in the abundance of cyanobacteria within 6 days, followed by a more gradual proliferation of ephemeral algae during the next 4 weeks. The abundance of diatoms remained relatively constant and was not influenced by the removal of grazers at this time of year. The influence of microbial resource availability on the growth and mortality of limpets was examined using experimental enclosures of differing densities of either Patella vulgata or P. depressa. After 6 months, there were significant relationships between grazer density and both mortality and growth with increased mortality and reduced growth for P. vulgata at increased densities, and reduced growth for P. depressa at increased densities. Hence, the availability of microbial resources may also influence the biomass of grazers on rocky shores from the bottom upwards. A conceptual model is presented which describes seasonal and annual variations in microbial resources and grazing intensity and their potential consequences for other shore dwellers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004116505004
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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