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  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 150 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive morphological method for investigating human skin. It allows high-resolution in vivo imaging of inflammatory skin diseases and tumours. Because it is a newly developed method, systematic studies on standardization and on evaluation of factors influencing the representation of the skin have not yet been performed.Objectives  In this study, normal human skin was treated with various external stimuli which induce changes of function and morphology. Changes in stratum corneum thickness as well as changes induced by pigmentation, oedema and erythema were investigated using OCT.Methods  Healthy skin of human volunteers was treated with tape stripping, ultraviolet A irradiation, water, histamine, nicotinic acid and various ointments.Results  In the tape stripping experiment, the thickness of the horny layer was quantified and monitored. Pigmentation increased the light attenuation of the tissue, whereas hydration and erythema led to a slight decrease of scattering. Topical treatment of the skin gave a nonspecific increase of penetration depth of the light due to the lower reflectivity of the surface.Conclusions  There are various physiological conditions which influence optical properties of the skin. These parameters should be considered when performing standardized OCT studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    BT technology journal 18 (2000), S. 73-75 
    ISSN: 1573-1995
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The traditional 'Von Neumann' computing architecture is serial and digital. This way of organising things has proved to be very powerful and has allowed spectacular progress in computation, riding on the back of spectacular increases in speed of the central processor. Though the Von Neumann model has outstripped futurologists' dreams in its favoured domains, it has failed to meet expectations in others. Highly parallel, asynchronous, distributed problems highlight its weaknesses. Such complexity is inevitable in today's highly connected networks and dynamic environments with information asymmetries and delays, and myriad interactions among components. There are two ways to address the shortcomings in difficult but important problem domains like these. One is to increase the speed of traditional computing. This is being done, with year-on-year increases in hardware and software performance. The second is to seek new computational architectures which address problems more efficiently. This is also an active research area, and it is the subject of this paper. We are drawing inspirations from nature to deal with the twin challenges of parallel asynchronous problem domains and network system complexity that characterise the information age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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