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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of heavy metal contamination and implication of multiple sources from Hunchun basin, northeastern China (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 39 (2000), S. 1039-1052 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Agrochemical ; Heavy metal contamination ; Natural enrichment ; PFA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Present concentrations and distributions of heavy metals through profiles, surface soil, and stream sediment samples in the Hunchun area, north-eastern China, were investigated to determine the elemental background values. This study also aims to characterize potentially toxic materials such as pulverized fly ash (PFA) from power stations or ash and slag from coal used domestically in urban areas, agrochemicals applied inappropriately, and urban sewage sludges from Hunchun City, as well as to ascertain the possibility of natural enrichment through site characterization by mineralogical and geochemical investigation. The distribution of contaminants in the alluvial soils (fluvisol) of this area has been influenced by several interacting factors. The parent alluvial materials from weathered products of amphiboles have made coatings such as ferrihydrite, goethite, and hematite. This natural inheritance factor is supported by the fact that the concentrations of weak acid-extractable (plant-available) heavy metals are very low, except for Fe and Mn. However, in agricultural soils and adjacent stream sediments, an anthropogenic input of Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr by agrochemicals is strongly suggested. Also, F contamination by coal combustion and the dissolution of F-bearing minerals could cause some future problems. Wide distribution and significantly high concentrations of Cd, Fe, Mn, and F in soils throughout the combination of pollutants originating from lithogenic and the anthropogenic sources pose potential problems in utilizing water resources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540000112
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantum dissipative master equations: Some exact results (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 10623-10637 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: With the help of quantum characteristic functions some exact results are found for two quantum dissipative master equations which contain dissipative Liouvillian operators of the Lindblad-type corresponding to two forms of dissipation mechanisms. Population relaxation is used to demonstrate how dynamic information can be retrieved from these solutions. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1374537
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lattice and spin polarons in two dimensions (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 6502-6508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A variational approach is employed to compute the wave function of a single polaron for a two-dimensional Holstein Hamiltonian with arbitrary forms of linear particle–boson interactions and boson dispersion relations. The Toyozawa ansatz is utilized, and generalizations to multiple polarons are outlined. Applications are made to model superradiance in pseudoisocyanine bromide J-aggregates, and to calculate quasiparticle dispersion of an itinerant hole in a two-dimensional antiferromagnet. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1310326
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using Edible Coating to Enhance Nutritional and Sensory Qualities of Baby Carrots (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Xanthan gum coating was used to carry 5% Gluconal Cal, a mixture of calcium lactate and gluconate, and 0.2%α-tocopheral acetate (vitamin E) by weight, respectively. Peeled baby carrots were dipped in the coating solutions, dried, and then stored at 2 °C and 85% relative humidity for up to 3 wk. Calcium and vitamin E contents of the coated samples, per serving (85g), increased from 2.6% to 6.6%, and from 0 to about 67% of the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) values respectively. Edible coatings (p 〈 0.05) improved the desirable surface color of carrots without effects (p 〈 0.05) on the taste, texture, and fresh aroma and flavor except for a slightly slippery surface. The β-carotene level in the baby carrots (p 〈 0.05) was not affected by edible coating.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb08753.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    POLYMERS IN ALUM SLUDGE DEWATERING: DEVELOPMENTS AND CONTROL (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: The paper (a) discusses the use of polymers for conditioning alum sludge derived from the coagulation of low turbidity coloured waters, and (b) reviews the factors which control the optimum dosage vis a vis individual test methods such as specific resistance to filtration and capillary suction time. It was demonstrated that good estimates of the solids feed could be obtained via the suspended-solids concentration in the flocculators. An algorithm based on water-quality parameters was recommended for planning purposes. Difficulties arising from variations in the solids delivery to the thickeners were shown to influence the separation efficiency. The paper also includes a survey of polymer routeing within a water-treatment plant in which there was multiple polymer use and extensive recycling; this identified a number of quality-control issues and demonstrated the value of polymer measurement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2003.tb00442.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma density behavior in the Hefei tokamak-7 (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 7 (2000), S. 2933-2938 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The density profiles were measured in the Hefei tokamak-7 (HT-7) [World Survey of Activities in Controlled Fusion Research, Nuclear Fusion Special Supplement (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1997), p. 61] ohmic discharges by means of a new multichannel far-infrared (FIR) laser interferometer. The progress on the extension of the HT-7 ohmic discharge operation region was introduced. The experiment results at the density limit, the multifaceted asymmetric radiation from the edge (MARFE) phenomena, the rf (radio frequency) boronization experiments, and the fueling efficiency studies were reported. The plasma physics in the molecular beam injection (MBI), the pellet injection (PI), and the gas puffing (GP) fueling experiments was studied and discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.874144
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cytogenetic analysis of a durum wheat ×Thinopyrum distichum hybrid used as a new source of resistance to Fusarium head blight in the greenhouse (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 120 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Fusarium head blight (FHB, scab), caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is a serious and damaging disease of wheat. Although some hexaploid wheat lines express a good level of resistance to FHB, the resistance available in hexaploid wheat has not yet been transferred to durum wheat. A germplasm collection of Triticum durum× alien hybrid lines was tested as a potential source of resistance to FHB under controlled conditions. Their FHB reaction was evaluated in three tests against conidial suspensions of three strains of F. graminearum at the flowering stage. Two T. durum×Thinopyrum distichum hybrid lines, ‘AFR4’ and ‘AFR5′, expressed a significantly higher level of resistance to the spread of FHB than other durum-alien hybrid lines and a resistant common wheat line ‘Nyu-Bay’. Genomic in situ hybridization using total genomic DNA from alien grass species demonstrated that ‘AFR5’ had 13 or 14 alien genome chromosomes plus 27 or 28 wheat chromosomes, while ‘AFR4’ had 22 alien genome and 28 wheat chromosomes. All of the alien chromosomes present in these two lines belonged to the J genome. ‘AFR5’ is likely to be more useful as a source of FHB resistance than ‘AFR4’ because of its relatively normal meiotic behaviour, high fertility and fewer number of alien chromosomes. ‘AFR5’ shows good potential as a source for transferring FHB resistance gene into wheat. The development of T. durum addition lines carrying resistance genes from ‘AFR5’ is underway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2001.00630.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A chlorophyll-reduced seedling mutant in oilseed rape, Brassica napus, for utilization in F1 hybrid production (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A mutant chlorophyll-reduced (Cr) seedling with yellow-green cotyledons and leaves was obtained from the Brassica napus inbred line 3529 induced by fast neutron and diethyl sulphate (DES). Genetic analysis revealed that the Cr seedling marker trait was controlled by a pair of recessive genes. A randomized complete block design was used to evaluate its agronomic performance. Results from 2 years of tests indicated that the seed yield of Cr lines was significantly lower than that of normal green plants; however, when the Cr gene was in the heterozygous condition, no deleterious effects on yield characteristics and disease resistance were observed. The Cr seedling marker trait was introduced into male-sterile lines, and Cr male-sterile lines revealed the same superior combining ability as normal chlorophyll (Nc) lines. The Cr trait can therefore be used as a marker to produce hybrid seed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00453.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the Rf gene conferring fertility restoration of the CMS Dian-type 1 in rice by using simple sequence repeat markers and advanced inbred lines of restorer and maintainer (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Cytoplasmic male sterility of Dian-type 1 (CMS-D1) was developed 30 years ago in Yunnan. A major gene conferring fertility restoration for the CMS-D1 system was detected by microsatellite markers in advanced inbred lines consisting of 196 maintainers and 62 restorers developed in breeding programmes of hybrid rice involving the CMS-D1 system. The gene was mapped between two simple sequence repeat markers, OSR33 and RM228, on chromosome 10, and was temporarily designated as Rf-D1(t). The genetic distances of the gene to the two microsatellite markers were 3.4 and 5.0 cM, respectively. This linkage was confirmed by using an F2 population derived from a cross between a CMS-D1 line and a restorer. This study also demonstrated that using OSR33 was reliable and efficient for identification of restoring lines in hybrid rice breeding with the CMS-D1 system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01004.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion cyclotron range of frequency heating experiments on the large helical device and high energy ion behavior : The 42nd annual meeting of the division of plasma physics of the American Physical Society and the 10th international congress on plasma physics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 2139-2147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) heating experiments on the Large Helical Device (LHD) [O. Motojima et al. Fus. Eng. Des. 20, 3 (1993)] achieved significant advances during the third experimental campaign carried out in 1999. They showed significant results in two heating modes; these are modes of the ICH-sustained plasma with large plasma stored energy and the neutral beam injection (NBI) plasma under additional heating. A long-pulse operation of more than 1 minute was achieved at a level of 1 MW. The characteristics of the ICRF heated plasma are the same as those of the NBI heated plasma. The energy confinement time is longer than that of International Stellarator Scaling 95. Three keys to successful ICRF heating are as follows: (1) an increase in the magnetic field strength, (2) the employment of an inward shift of the magnetic axis, (3) the installation of actively cooled graphite plates along the divertor legs. Highly energetic protons accelerated by the ICRF electric field were experimentally observed in the energy range from 30 to 250 keV and the tail temperature depended on the energy balance between the wave heating and the electron drag. The transfer efficiency from the high energy ions to the bulk plasma was deduced from the increase in the energy confinement time due to the high energy ions in the lower density discharge, which agrees fairly well with the result obtained by the Monte Carlo simulation. The transfer efficiency is expected to be 95% at an electron density of more than ne=5.0×1019 m−3 even in the high power heating of 10 MW. The accumulation of impurities, e.g., FeXVI and OV was not observed in high rf power and long pulse operation. The well-defined divertor intrinsic to LHD is believed to be useful in reducing the impurity influx. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1354152
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