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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extracting composition and alloying information of coherent Ge(Si)/Si(001) islands from [001] on-zone bright-field diffraction contrast images (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 2725-2729 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ge(Si)/Si(001) coherent islands grown at 700 °C by molecular beam epitaxy were investigated using transmission electron microscopy. [001] on-zone bright-field diffraction contrast imaging and image simulation techniques were used to investigate the structure of these coherent islands. Comparison of simulated and experimental images indicates nonuniform composition distribution within the coherent islands when the islands were grown at high temperatures (700 °C), but uniform composition for growth at lower temperatures (600 °C). © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1394900
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced ultraviolet photoluminescence from SiO2/Ge:SiO2/SiO2 sandwiched structure (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 3134-3136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: SiO2/Ge:SiO2/SiO2 sandwiched structure was fabricated for exploring efficient light emission. After annealed in N2 (O2〈1%), this structure shows three photoluminescence (PL) bands at 293, 395, and 780 nm. The intensity of the 395 nm band is largely enhanced in comparison with that from the monolayered Ge:SiO2 film. Spectral analyses suggest that the three PL bands originate from S1→S0, T∑(T∏)→S0, and T∏′→S0 optical transitions in GeO color centers, respectively. The improvement of the GeO density resulting from the confinement on Ge diffusion is responsible for the enhanced ultraviolet PL. This structure is expected to have important applications in optoelectronics. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1325399
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Composition and its impact on shape evolution in dislocated Ge(Si)/Si islands (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 1304-1306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The composition distribution of Ge(Si)/Si (001) islands grown at 700 °C by molecular beam epitaxy is investigated using high-spatial resolution x-ray energy dispersive spectrometry in a scanning transmission electron microscope. Island shapes are investigated using cross-section transmission electron microscopy. Results show nonuniformity of the composition distribution in the islands, which affects the evolution of the aspect ratios of height-to-base diameter of dislocated islands. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1290384
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of dislocations on thermal conductivity of GaN layers (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 4316-4318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report calculation of the lattice thermal conductivity in wurtzite GaN. The proposed model is material specific and explicitly includes phonon relaxation on threading dislocations and impurities typical for GaN. We have found that a decrease of the dislocation density by two orders of magnitude in GaN leads to a corresponding increase of the thermal conductivity from 1.31 to 1.97 W/cm K. This theoretical prediction is in very good agreement with experimental data obtained from scanning thermal microscopy. The developed model can be used for thermal budget calculations in high-power density GaN devices. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1427153
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developing rice lines possessing neutral alleles at sterility loci to improve the width of compatibility (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: To improve the width of compatibility for overcoming various sterilities in inter-subspecific hybrid rice, some elite lines combining several sterility-neutral genes were developed and the effects on mitigating various hybrid sterilities were tested. From Akihikari// IR36/Dular, neutral genes at ga11 and six sterility loci, S5, S7, S8, S9, S15 and S16, were combined and elite lines were obtained in their successive progeny. Four of the lines tested were confirmed to combine the neutral alleles S5-n, S7-n, S8-n, S9-n, S15-n and S16-n at the sterility loci and, among them, two harboured an additional gamete abortion-neutral allele, ga11-n. F1s, which used the lines and various testers as parents, mitigated the spikelet sterilities by six sterility loci and gamete abortion by a gametophyte gene, ga11. These lines could be selectively used as parents or donors to increase the width of compatibility of rice varieties for improving fertility in inter-subspecific hybrid rice breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0179-9541.2003.00931.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensory and Nutritional Quality of Nonfat Dry Milk in Long-term Residential Storage (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 69 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Twenty samples of regular and instant nonfat dry milk (NFDM) stored up to 29 y in residential locations at ambient conditions in Nr 10 cans were analyzed for sensory and nutritional quality. Overall acceptability hedonic scores varied widely (2.9 to 6.2), but all samples were considered acceptable for use in an emergency situation by most panelists. A 23-y-old sample with low oxygen was not significantly different from fresh samples in overall acceptability hedonic scores. There was no difference in overall acceptability between regular and instant NFDM. Amounts of available lysine (1.4 to 2.6 mg/100 g), thiamin (2.7 to 4.0 μg/g), and riboflavin (12.7 to 20.2 μg/g) were not significantly correlated with sample age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2004.tb18025.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A biologically active IL-1β derived peptide stimulates phagocytosis and bactericidal activity in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), head kidney leucocytes in vitro (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The present work provides the first information concerning the ability of a rainbow trout interleukin-1β (IL-1β) derived peptide, P3, to enhance phagocytosis and bactericidal activity. P3 was synthesized to complex with the IL-1 receptor and corresponds to fragment 197–206 (YRRNTGVDIS) of the trout sequence. A dose-dependent effect of P3 on phagocytosis in head kidney leucocytes was documented, with an optimal response occurring at 0.25 mM. With respect to the temporal kinetics of P3 induced activation, an incubation period of 2 h resulted in enhanced phagocytic activity, although incubation times of between 4 and 24 h were optimal. An additive effect was observed when P3 (0.1 mM) was combined with another IL-1 derived peptide, P1 (0.1 mM). The latter peptide corresponds to fragment 146–157 (YVTPVPIETEAR) and is equivalent to a region in the mammalian protein that is known to be part of the receptor binding domain, but does not overlap with P3. With respect to bactericidal activity, macrophages incubated for 24 h with 0.1 mM P3 demonstrated an enhanced ability to kill an avirulent strain (MT004) of the Gram-negative salmonid pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida. Further investigation revealed that extracellular production of superoxide anions was not responsible for the enhanced bactericidal activity of macrophages exposed to P3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.2002.00380.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular cloning of the gene for interleukin-1β from Xenopus laevis and analysis of expression in vivo and in vitro (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 332-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Interleukin-1β ; cDNA ; Cytokine ; Xenopus laevis ; Amphibia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The Xenopus cDNA for interleukin-1β (IL-1B) was cloned and sequenced. The gene contains 1462 nucleotides that translate in a single reading frame to give a predicted 283-amino acid IL-1β molecule. The translated molecule contains a single potential glycosylation site, a readily identifiable IL-1 family signature, and has highest homology to chicken IL-1β by phylogenetic tree analysis and sequence similarity. It lacks a signal peptide in common with other known IL-1B genes, and lacks a clear ICE (caspase) cut site in common with other nonmammalian IL-1B genes sequenced to date. RT-PCR was used to study sites of IL-1B transcript expression, 24 h following injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Expression was detected in the brain, liver, kidney, and spleen, with expression weakest in the brain and strongest in the spleen. No transcript expression was detectable following injection of saline. Northern blot analysis was used to quantify the induction of IL-1B expression in splenocytes following in vivo or in vitro stimulation with LPS. The results are discussed in relation to the potential role of IL-1β in amphibian immune responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050627
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling sheath blight resistance in two rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 569-573 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Rice ; Sheath blight ; F2 clonal population ; QTLs for resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, is one of the three major diseases of rice. The present study was conducted with an F2 clonal population of Jasmine 85/Lemont. The F2 population, including 128 clonal families, was inoculated by short toothpicks incubated with a strain, RH-9 of the fungus. Based on field disease evaluations in 2 years and a genetic map with 118 evenly distributed molecular markers, we identified six quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contributing to sheath blight resistance. These QTLs, qSB-2, qSB-3, qSB-7, qSB-9-1, qSB-9-2 and qSB-11, were located on chromosomes 2, 3, 7, 9 and 11, respectively. The respective alleles of qSB-2, qSB-3, qSB-7, and qSB-9-2 from Jasmine 85 could explain 21.2%, 26.5%, 22.2% and 10.1% of the total phenotypic variation, respectively; while the alleles of qSB-9-1 and qSB-11 from Lemont could explain 9.8% and 31.2% of the total phenotypic variation. Of these qSB-2 and qSB-11 could be detected in both years, while remaining loci were detected only in a single year. Furthermore, four QTLs (qHD-2, qHD-3, qHD-5 and qHD-7) controlling heading date and three QTLs (qPH-3, qPH-4 and qPH-11) controlling plant height were also identified. Though rice sheath blight resistance may be influenced by morphological traits, such as heading date and plant height, in the present study most detected resistance loci were not linked to the loci for heading date or plant height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051517
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