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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 274 (1996), S. 428-432 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Multihollow particles ; emulsion polymerization ; morphology ; carboxyl group ; transition temperature
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Submicron-sized multihollow styrene-methacrylic acid (92.6/7.4, molar ratio) copolymer particles having high transition temperature above 100°C were produced by using the stepwise alkali/acid method proposed by the authors. The original particles were prepared by emulsion copolymerization of styrene and methacrylic acid. The effects of pH, temperature and time in the alkali treatment process as the first step on the multihollow structure were clarified under the same acid treatment conditions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 275 (1997), S. 82-85 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Multi-hollow particle ; emulsion polymerization ; morphology ; carboxyl group ; alkali swelling
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract  The effects of molecular weight, particle diameter and cooling condition on the formation of multi-hollow structure formed within submicron-sized styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer particles by the “alkali/cooling method” proposed by the authors were examined and the formation mechanism was proposed. The original particles were produced by emulsion copolymerization in the presence of n-octyl mercaptan as a chain transfer agent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 274 (1996), S. 801-804 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Multihollow particles ; emulsion polymerization ; morphology ; carboxyl group ; alkali swelling
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Submicron-sized styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer particles, which were produced by emulsion copolymerization, were changed to those having multihollow structure by treating stepwise the emulsion as follows. First alkali treatment was carried out at higher temperature than the glass transition temperature and subsequently the emulsion was cooled by keeping it at room temperature. This was named “alkali/cooling method”. The effects of methacrylic acid content, pH, time and temperature in the alkali treatment on the formation of multihollow structure were clarified.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Carboxyl group ; emulsion polymerization ; nanoparticles ; microsphere ; emulsifier
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract  Styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer (P(S-MAA)) nanoparticles having high Tg were produced by a dissolution of submicron-sized P(S-MAA) particles as follows. Submicron-sized P(S-MAA) particles having various MAA contents were produced by emulsion copolymerization. Secondly, they were treated in a polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl-ether nonionic emulsifier aqueous solution at pH 13.0 and above 90 °C. The nanoparticles having about 30 nm in diameter were only produced from the particles having MAA contents around 7 mol%, and above the contents, they were not produced. It seems to be based on that emulsifier molecules are not adsorbed onto the polymer molecules enough to dissolve them. The effect of MAA content on such a dissolution behavior was examined using seven kinds of different nonionic emulsifiers having hydrophile-lipophile-balance values between 12.2 and 18.2 at various temperatures and initial pH.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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