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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ischemic retinitis as a result of acute episodic blood loss (1998)
    Springer
    International ophthalmology 22 (1998), S. 331-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2630
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acute episodic blood loss leads to a sudden change in the haemodynamics leading to a number of ocular and systemic effects. Occurrence of ischemic retinitis secondary to acute blood loss is of a very rare occurrence. This communication presents a case of infarction of the nerve fibre layer secondary to acute blood loss in a 55-year-old male.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006466003405
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stokes' first problem for a dipolar fluid with nonclassical heat conduction (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of engineering mathematics 36 (1999), S. 219-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2703
    Keywords: dipolar fluids ; discontinuities ; Laplace transform ; Maxwell-Cattaneo-Fox model.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The classical heat law of Fourier associates an infinite speed of propagation to a thermal disturbance in a material body. Such behavior is a violation of the causality principle. In recent years, several modifications of Fourier's heat law have been proposed. In this work a modification of Fourier's heat law based on the Maxwell-Cattaneo-Fox (MCF) model is used to describe the influence of heat conduction at low temperatures and/or high heat-flux conditions on Stokes' first problem for a dipolar fluid. The effects of discontinuous boundary data and a finite propagation speed of thermal waves on the velocity and stress fields are investigated. In addition, special and limiting cases of the material constants are examined. Lastly, results for the special case of equal dipolar constants are compared to the corresponding results found using Fourier's heat law.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004454227370
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonclassical thermal effects in Stokes' second problem (1995)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 112 (1995), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The MCF model is used to study the nonclassical heat conduction effects in Stoke's second problem. The structure of the waves and the influence of the thermal relaxation time on the temperature and velocity fields are investigated. The displacement thickness, skin friction and the rate of the heat transfer at the plate are determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01177474
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wave structure in Stokes' second problem for a dipolar fluid with nonclassical heat conduction (1999)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 133 (1999), S. 145-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The classical heat conduction law of Fourier associates an infinite speed of propagation to a thermal disturbance in a material body. Such behavior is a violation of the causality principle. In recent years, several modifications of Fourier's heat law have been proposed. In this work, a modified form of Fourier's heat law, based on the Maxwell-Cattaneo-Fox (MCF) model, is used to analyze the heat conduction effects in Stokes' second problem for a dipolar fluid. The structure of the waves and the influence of the dipolar constants on the velocity field is investigated. These results are then compared to the viscous fluid case. In addition, the displacement thickness and skin friction at the plate are determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01179015
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exact solutions for the flow of a dipolar fluid on a suddenly accelerated flat plate (1999)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 137 (1999), S. 183-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The Laplace transformation is used to determine the exact general solution for the unsteady and irrotational flow of an incompressible dipolar fluid set to motion by the acceleration of a flat plate from rest. The general solution is found for arbitrary values of the dipolar constantsd andl. In particular, attention is focused on the case of sudden plate motion for which the velocity field, the displacement thickness, the boundary layer thickness, and the dipolar stress component∑ yyx have been determined. Special cases of the dipolar constants are also considered. It is shown that for a special boundary value of∑ yyx , the velocity distribution becomes independent of time. In addition, some significant new results concerning steady flows are presented. Finally, results obtained are compared to the corresponding case for a viscous Newtonian fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01179208
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mediastinal lipoma in children (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 13 (1998), S. 218-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Mediastinal mass ; Lipoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mediastinal masses are uncommonly encountered in childhood. These tumours are often interesting because of the varied mediastinal tissues from which they arise. Despite extensive investigations, a large percentage of these lesions remain undiagnosed prior to operation. We describe two rare cases of mediastinal lipoma. The first was incidentally diagnosed whereas the second patient presented with respiratory symptoms. The definitive diagnosis was established at surgery, which was curative.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050299
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the pulmonary vasculature in newborns and stillborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 14 (1998), S. 30-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Congenital diaphragmatic hernia  ; Persistent pulmonary hypertension  ;  Pulmonary artery  ; Pulmonary vein  ;  Stillborn  ;  Newborn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare structural changes in the pulmonary vasculature in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) complicated by persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPH) and stillborns with CDH. Victorian blue van Gieson (VVG) staining and immunostaining with anti-alpha smooth-muscle actin (ASMA) was performed on lung tissue obtained at autopsy from 23 newborns with CDH complicated by PPH, 7 stillborns with CDH, and 11 age-matched controls with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The degrees of adventitial and medial thickness and area were measured in pulmonary arteries with an external diameter (ED) of 〈75 μm, 75–100 μm, 100–150 μm, 150–250 μm, 250–500 μm, and 〉500 μm by image analyzer and compared statistically. The degrees of adventitial and medial thickness and area were measured in pulmonary veins with an ED of 〈100 μm, 100–200 μm, and 〉200 μm by image analyzer and compared statistically. In order to determine whether the characteristic structural changes were size-related, each was related to ED. There was a significant increase in adventitial thickness and area in arteries of all sizes in both newborns and stillborns with CDH compared to SIDS patients (P 〈 0.05). The degree of medial thickness in newborns and stillborns with CDH was significantly increased compared to SIDS patients (P 〈 0.01). The degree of medial area was significantly increased for arteries with ED less than 100 μm (P 〈 0.05) in newborns and stillborns with CDH compared with SIDS patients. There was a significant increase in adventitial thickness and area in veins of all sizes in newborns with CDH compared to stillborns with CDH and SIDS (P 〈 0.05). The degree of adventitial thickness and area of pulmonary veins were similar in stillborns with CDH and SIDS. There were no significant differences in medial thickness of veins between the three groups. The presence of abnormally thick-walled pulmonary arteries in stillborns with CDH suggests that the intrapulmonary arteries in CDH may become excessively muscularized during fetal life, becoming unable to adapt normally at birth. The absence of structural changes in pulmonary veins in stillborns with CDH suggests that the pulmonary venous changes observed in newborns with CDH complicated by PPH occur after birth as a result of increases in transvascular pressure or a response to release of peptide growth factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050429
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased intracellular levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in pulmonary endocrine cells in an experimental model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 11 (1996), S. 448-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia ; Newborn ; Pulmonary hypertension ; Calcitonin gene-related peptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) model was induced in pregnant rats following administration of 100 mg nitrofen. The fetuses were stored and fixed in Bouin's solution for 24 h after caesarean section at term. After fixation, the lungs were dissected out. Immunostaining of the CDH lungs and controls with rabbit anti-rat calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antibody at “optimal” and “supraoptimal” dilution levels was obtained by examining the intensity of staining with a series of dilutions of the antisera from 1: 1,000 to 1: 20,000. Supraoptimal dilution detects variations in antigen concentration that may be masked if the routine optimal dilution is used. Immunostaining of the lung by antisera to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and alpha-smooth-muscle actin (ASMA) was performed to examine vascular remodelling. The number of CGRP-immunoreactive cells was significantly (P 〈0.001) greater in the lungs of CDH rats (n = 26) (0.74 +-0.19 NEB [neuroepithelial bodies]/mm2; mean +- SEM) compared with controls (n = 21) (0.30+-0.16 NEB/mm2) seen at supraoptimal dilution (1:20,000). Since CGRP is a vasodilator, this could have important implications in the development of pulmonary hypertension. The pattern of ASMA and PDGF immunostaining was similar in CDH lungs and controls, and therefore, vascular remodelling is not a feature of CDH lungs in fetuses delivered by caesarean section and not exposed to hypoxia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180080
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The RET proto-oncogene: a challenge to our understanding of disease pathogenesis (1996)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 12 (1996), S. 11-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words RET ; RET proto-oncogene ; Hirschsprung’s disease ; Multiple endocrine neoplasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  RET gene alterations as disease-causative mutations have been demonstrated in five different disease entities: Hirschsprung’s disease (HD); papillary thyroid carcinoma; and three types of inherited cancer syndromes: multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 2A, MEN 2B, and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. RET is expressed during embryogenesis in a temporally and spatially regulated manner, and plays an important role in the normal development of a variety of cell lineages, particularly in the establishment of the enteric nervous system. RET mutations observed in patients with HD are scattered along the gene without any hot spots, and possess a loss-of-function effect. RET mutations are detected with a higher incidence among familial cases (50%) than sporadic cases (15% – 20%), and are more closely associated with long-segment HD than short-segment disease. In contrast to HD mutations, missense mutations observed in MEN 2 syndromes occur at specific codons, and gene rearrangements are characteristic in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Both missense mutations and gene rearrangements act in a dominant fashion, and cause constitutive phosphorylation on the tyrosine of RET and highly enhance RET kinase activity, leading to transforming or oncogenic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01194794
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered messenger RNA expression of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase gene in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (1997)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 12 (1997), S. 576-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis ; Neuronal nitric oxide synthase ; messenger RNA ; Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) has been described as a mediator of smooth muscle relaxation in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The enzyme neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) catalyzes the formation of NO. We examined the expression of the neuronal NOS gene at the messenger RNA (mRNA) level in pyloric smooth-muscle biopsy specimens from six patients with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. For controls, smooth-muscle layer specimens of pylorus (n=3), ileum (n=2), and colon (n=2) were used. With 31 cycles of PCR reaction, control specimens revealed detectable signals for neuronal NOS mRNA. In contrast, signals of IHPS specimens were undetectable in five cases and very weak in one. By increasing the PCR to 37 cycles, detectable signals for neuronal NOS mRNA were observed in all IHPS specimens, but they were significantly weaker than those of controls. Since a low level of neuronal NOS mRNA may lead to impaired production of NO, our observations indicate that the excessively contracted, hypertrophied pyloric muscle in IHPS is a result of reduced expression of the neuronal NOS gene at the mRNA level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01371902
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