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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface Chemistry and Structure of Silicon Oxycarbide Gels and Glasses (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 8 (1997), S. 371-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: oxycarbide glass ; surface hydroxyls ; infra-red ; surface area
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In this study, the surface chemistry and structure of methyl-substituted silica gels and porous oxycarbide glasses were investigated. FTIR was used to measure the relative concentration of Si–CH3 and Si–OH as a function of the degree of methyl-substitution and the pyrolysis temperature. The gels and glasses were further heated, dehydrated or hydrated, in situ, within the FTIR spectrometer. In the temperature range of 800–850°C, high surface area oxycarbide glasses were created with no detectable surface hydroxyl groups. Oxycarbide glasses synthesized in argon at 700°C displayed a weak band for surface hydroxyl groups and reversible physisorption of water, while those synthesized at 850/900°C showed a complete absence of surface hydroxyl groups and the formation of vicinal silanols upon chemisorption of water. Isolated silanols were observed upon heat treatment in vacuum. Formation of aromatic carbon species was found to correlate with the decomposition of the methyl groups. The oxycarbide surface is quite stable to densification (presumably due to elemental carbon on the pore surfaces). In the absence of oxygen, porous silicon oxycarbide glass powders maintain surface areas 〉200 m2/g at 1200°C. However, oxidizing species in the atmosphere deplete the aromatic carbon species, and the glasses lose surface area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026467908933
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Salinity Induces Accumulation of Soluble Sugars and Alters the Activity of Sugar Metabolising Enzymes in Rice Plants (1999)
    Springer
    Biologia plantarum 42 (1999), S. 233-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8264
    Keywords: acid invertase ; Oryza sativa ; starch phosphorylase ; sucrose phosphate synthase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Changes in the starch and sucrose contents, and the sucrose phosphate synthase, acid invertase, and starch phosphorylase activities were studied in the seedlings of salt sensitive and salt tolerant rice cultivars growing under two NaCl concentrations (7 and 14 dS m-1) for 20 d. Under salinity, the starch content in roots declined more in salt sensitive cvs. Ratna and Jaya than in salt tolerant cvs. CSR-1 and CSR-3 and was unchanged in shoots. The contents of reducing and non-reducing sugars, and the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase was increased more in the sensitive than in the tolerant cultivars. Acid invertase activity decreased in shoots of the salt tolerant cultivars, whereas increased in salt sensitive cultivars. Starch phosphorylase activity decreased in all cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002160618700
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of low and high spin states in 112Sb in interacting boson fermion fermion model (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 3 (1998), S. 9-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS:21.60.Fw Models based on group theory – 21.10.Ky Electromagnetic moments – 21.10.Tg Lifetimes – 23.40.Hc Relation with nuclear matrix elements and nuclear structure – 27.60.+j 90 ≤ A ≤ 149
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: In this paper, properties of the low and the high spin states in 112Sb have been studied in the framework of Interacting Boson Fermion Fermion Model. A surface delta plus spin-spin type of interaction has been taken as the residual interaction between the odd neutron and the odd proton. Energy values, magnetic moments of the ground state and the isomeric 8− state, E2/M1 mixing ratios of some of the low-lying transitions and log ft values for the Gamow-Teller transitions in 112Sb →112Sn and 111Sb →111Sn decay have been calculated and are compared with the experimental results. The band based on the configuration π g-1 9/2π g2 7/2⊗ν h11/2 is obtained in this calculation by coupling the proton in the g9/2 and the neutron in the h11/2 orbital to the deformed band of 110Sn. The B(M1)/B(E2) ratios and branching ratios for the transitions in this band have also been calculated and compared with the experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050143
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of fulvic acid on transport of iron in soils and uptake by paddy seedlings (1998)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 198 (1998), S. 117-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: diffusion ; humic substances ; mass flow ; metal complexes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The influence of fulvic acid (FA) on the porous system self diffusion coefficient (Dp) of Fe in Calciorthent soils of Bihar, India, was determined with the half cell technique. Significantly higher values of Dp were observed when Fe was applied as Fe–FA to the soil compared to FeCl3. The capacity factor of Fe decreased considerably due to its complexation by fulvic acid, resulting in an increase in the Dp of Fe. The organic carbon content of the soils correlated positively with Dp of Fe while it showed a negative relationship with active CaCO3 and the clay content of soils. A soil culture system simulating acquisition of Fe by rice was developed to investigate transport of Fe from the soil solution to the surface of the plant roots through diffusion and mass flow. Mass flow contributed only 5–9% of the total Fe uptake by rice, with the remainder being ascribed to diffusion and root interception. A significant relationship ( r =0.96**) between Dp- and Fe-uptake by rice was observed. The uptake of Fe by the crop and the percentage of tissue iron content derived from fertilizer were higher in the case of Fe–FA in comparison with FeCl3, indicating the superiority of organically complexed Fe fertilizers over inorganic salts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004256325090
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Labile pool of cadmium in sludge-treated soils (1998)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 203 (1998), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: isotopic dilution technique ; organic wastes ; organometallic complexes ; soil pollution ; trace metals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The labile pool of cadmium in sludge-treated soils was determined by application of isotopic dilution principle under laboratory and green house conditions using moong (Phaseolus aureus L.) as test crop. The laboratory indices like isotopic distribution coefficient (Kd) of 115Cd in 0.1 M CaCl2, labile pool (LP) of Cd in DTPA–CaCl2–Na acetate (adjusted to pH 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0) and supply parameter (SP) using Kd as intensity and LP as capacity factor of Cd in soils, were computed to compare these values with actual uptake of Cd by the crop to test them as indices of Cd availability. The path-ways of transfer of soil Cd from the discrete chemical pools to plants were also computed. The LP (pH 7.0) and the SP were significantly correlated with the concentration of Cd in plants and its uptake by the crop. They are, therefore, good indices of Cd availability in sludge treated vertisol soils and can be used as reference indices for standarization of chemical extractants. The water soluble + exchangeable Cd and the 0.05 M EDTA extractable Cd were observed to be the two major chemical pools of Cd in soils responsible for supply of this element to plants. As substantial part of 0.1 M Na4P2O7 extractable Cd applied to the soils remains in same form, they are not transfered into the food chain. The amounts of soil Cd extracted by DTPA–CaCl2–TEA (pH 7.3), EDTA–NH4OAC (pH 7.3) and Mg(NO3)2 (pH 6.0) were significantly correlated with concentration of Cd in plants and with uptake of Cd by moong crop.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004328118626
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hybridization barriers among the species of Arachis L., namely of the sections Arachis (including the groundnut) and Erectoides (1998)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 45 (1998), S. 41-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Arachis ; crossability barriers ; early leaf spot disease ; endosperm ; Erectoides ; ovules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Some members of section Erectoides have been found resistant to early leaf spot disease, a serious constraint to groundnut productivity. These accessions do not cross with cultivated species. Crossing between one such diploid species, A. paraguariensis (ICGs 8130 and 8973) of section Erectoides, and the diploids, A. batizocoi and A. duranensis, and the tetraploid A. hypogaea (groundnut) of section Arachis has helped understand barriers to hybridization between sections. These crosses result in the development of normal pegs and pods, but with of ovule and embryo development restricted or non-existent. Such restricted growth and embryo abortion is found to be due to cessation of early endosperm development in A. duranensis (2x) times A. paraguariensis (2x), the non-development of endosperm beyond the coenocytic stage in A. batizocoi (2x) times A. paraguariensis (2x), and the overgrowth of nucellar tissue into the embryo sac in case of A. hypogaea (4x) times A. paraguariensis (2x). The weak cross-compatibility between the species of two sections suggest relatively closer phylogenetic relationship between them, than with the other incompatible sections of the genus Arachis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008681020851
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genome donors of the groundnut/peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) revisited (1998)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 45 (1998), S. 113-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Arachis hypogaea ; A. duranensis ; A. batizocoi ; A. ipaensis ; cytogenetic ; molecular
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Arachis hypogaea, the cultivated groundnut is a tetraploid with an AABB genomic constitution. The available literature on the origin of groundnut reveals that there is general agreement that the cultivated groundnut has evolved from the wild tetraploid species A. monticola, with which it crosses freely to produce fertile hybrids. However, the issue of actual diploid ancestors of A. monticola is still unresolved. Both cytogenetic and molecular evidences support A. duranensis being the most probable progenitor and donor of the A genome to A. hypogaea. For the B genome, the cytogenetic evidence suggests A. batizocoi to be the most probable progenitor, but the RFLP banding pattern indicates that A. batizocoi is more distantly related to A. hypogaea than other species of section Arachis. RFLP banding pattern indicates A. ipaensis to be one of the closest species to A. hypogaea and the possible donor of the B genome. The present article critically analyzes the available data, which suggests that until an amphidiploid is produced synthetically between A. duranensis × A. ipaensis and crossed successfully with A. hypogaea to produce a fertile hybrid, this issue would remain unresolved. A. batizocoi would remain the most probable donor of the B genome because of its directly demonstrable cytogenetic affinity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008640631719
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variation vis-à-vis molecular polymorphism in groundnut, Arachis hypogaea L. (1998)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 45 (1998), S. 119-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Arachis hypogaea ; DNA markers ; molecular polymorphism ; variation ; origin ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Recent studies on the genus Arachis using molecular markers have revealed very little demonstrable polymorphism in the cultivated groundnut, A. hypogaea. This has led to the hasty generalization that the groundnut lacks genetic variation. However, this is in complete contradiction to the results of other lines of investigations into the origin and evolution of A. hypogaea. Further, a characterization of the world collection for various traits also shows significant levels of variation for almost all genetic traits. The literature review in this article suggests that the lack of genetic variation was inferred because of an inadequacy in the material studied, and the range of techniques used to study molecular polymorphism. A comprehensive and rigorous examination of the material available in the groundnut world collection, either by improving current techniques, or by using such advanced techniques as SSRs and AFLP could well reveal polymorphism at the molecular level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008646422730
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance to Meloidogyne javanica in wild Arachis species* (1999)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 46 (1999), S. 557-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: Arachis spp. ; Meloidogyne javanica ; resistance ; root-knot nematodes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica Race 3 is an important nematode parasite of groundnut. Greenhouse evaluation of 184 accessions of 33 wild Arachis spp. five interspecific derivatives, 18 groundnut cultivars for root damage (galls formed by nematode) and nematode reproduction demonstrated that resistance to the nematode is available in the genepool of wild Arachis spp. Seven accessions, ICG 8952 (Arachis helodes), ICC 13211 (A. sylvestris), ICG 13224 (A. kretscmeri), ICG 13231 (Arachis sp.), ICG 14862 (A. kuhlmannii), ICG 14868 (A. stenosperma), and ICG 14915 (A. sylvestris) were highly resistant to nematode reproduction and root damage. There was no gall and eggmass formation on any plant of these accessions. Thirty-three accessions were resistant and 14 were moderately resistant. All the tested accessions of A. monticola, A. benensis, A. ipaensis, A. hoehnei, A. kempff-mercadoi, A. valida, A. chiquitana, A. rigonii, A. vallsii, A. dardani, A. paraguariensis, A. triseminata, interspecific derivatives, and groundnut cultivars were susceptible. The possible use of resistance sources in the breeding program is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008754812257
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific Degradation of D1 Protein during Exposure of Thylakoid Membranes to High Temperature in the Dark (1999)
    Springer
    Photosynthetica 36 (1999), S. 433-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9058
    Keywords: antibody ; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; protease ; Triticum aestivum ; wheat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Exposure of thylakoid membranes to high temperature in dark leads to the degradation of D1 protein. Maximum degradation of D1 protein occurred at 45 °C. Using N-terminal specific D1 antibody, a 23 kDa fragment of D1 protein was detected. The degradation of D1 protein could be prevented both by radical scavengers and inhibitors of serine protease and metallo-protease. These results suggest that degradation of D1 protein during exposure of thylakoid membranes to high temperature in dark is catalyzed by protease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007080204112
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