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  • Electronic Resource  (6)
  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Penning reactions and excitation rate on the pulsed transverse-discharge neon laser for photodynamic therapy (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 30-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Theoretical analysis of the output performance of a transverse discharge pumped neon Penning laser (585.3 nm) using a mixture of Ne/H2 is described. The validity of the kinetic model is confirmed by comparing the results to the experimental discharge and laser performance. It is theoretically shown that the optimum mixing ratio of the Ne/H2 mixture is 1:2.5, and the optimum operating pressure is about 56 Torr. The model also predicts that the intrinsic efficiency reaches a peak of 8.5×10−6 at an excitation rate of 0.5 MW/cm3 under the optimum mixing ratio and operating pressure conditions. At excitation rates in excess of 0.5 MW/cm3 the laser output power is slowly increasing and then saturates due to electron collisional quenching of the upper laser level. The laser power extraction is increased by laser injection seeding in order to rapidly build up the lasing. The improved intrinsic efficiency is about two times higher than without the injection seeding. The improved specific laser output is 8 W/cm3, therefore, a discharge volume of 125 cm3 will be able to generate the peak laser power reaching 1 kW. This power value is sufficient to obtain the same treatment effect as the gold vapor laser used in photodynamic therapy. Moreover, by fitting this model to the experimental results of the laser output energy with a Ne/D2 mixture, it is shown that the Penning ionization rate constant of H2 is larger than that of D2. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360677
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A composite quantum well field-effect transistor (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 85-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated the transport properties of a field-effect transistor (FET) with a composite quantum well, which consists of two adjacent semiconductor quantum wells, GaSb and InAs, sandwiched by AlSb barriers. This FET shows a novel V-shaped transfer characteristic, which is a direct result of the switching between electron and hole channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118128
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A tunneling field-effect transistor with 25 nm metallurgical channel length (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 3005-3007 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A tunneling field-effect transistor with an ultrashort channel-length of 25 nm has been experimentally realized using InAs/AlSb heterostructures. The conduction between the source and the drain is through a sequential process, including tunneling and drift-diffusion mechanisms. According to its operating principle, the transistor is inherently free of the conventional short-channel effects. The results demonstrate a new scheme of building nanometer-scale transistors. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118731
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of electrically resettable negative persistent photoconductivity in InAs/AlSb single quantum wells (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 1417-1419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The mechanism of the negative persistent photoconductivity (NPPC) in InAs/AlSb single quantum wells is discussed. The molecular beam epitaxy grown single InAs quantum well sample is made into Hall bars with the substrate as the backgate. Using the newly designed buffer, the gate bias can deplete or enhance the two-dimensional electrons in the InAs quantum well without substantial gate leakage current. Based on the 4.2 K magnetoresistance data, and the fact that the trapped electrons can be redistributed by gate bias, we conclude that the NPPC effect at low temperatures is a result of the capture of photoexcited electrons by ordinary, deep donors in AlSb. Numerical modeling using physical assumptions can quantitatively explain our experimental observation, and the calculated AlSb donor energy is 0.41±0.05 eV above the AlSb valence band maximum, with 4×1016/cm3 to 1017/cm3 in concentration. The previously discussed DX-center-like characteristic of deep levels in AlSb, i.e., lattice-relaxation with a relatively high activation energy, is not evidenced in this work. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117600
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of multiplane transesophageal echocardiography to evaluate residual patent ductus arteriosus during video-assisted thoracoscopy in adults (1999)
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 13 (1999), S. 975-979 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Patent ductus arteriosus — Transesophageal echocardiography — Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has emerged as an innovative and popular procedure for interruption of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), while intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has proven to be an effective monitor in the evaluation of residual patency. Previous reports on the adequacy of surgical interruption of PDA under VATS and TEE are available for pediatric patients, but only limited information is available for adults with PDA. Materials and methods: Between August 1995 and October 1997, we monitored 35 adult patients undergoing PDA interruption via VATS with Hewlett-Packard color Doppler multiplane TEE throughout the procedure. The average PDA diameter was 10.2 ± 1.8 mm. All the PDA were completely ligated. Results: Thirty-two patients showed no ductal flow after double ligation. In the other three patients, residual flow was detected intraoperatively after double ligation, but it was quickly abolished by the third ligation. One patient showed faint ductal flow by transthoracic echocardiography at postoperative follow-up, but no reintervention was needed. Conclusions: Our study showed that, with the refinement of adult PDA interruption via VATS, intraoperative multiplane TEE provides higher resolution for direct evaluation of the entire course of PDA ligation without interrupting the surgical procedure and minimizes the incidence of complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004649901150
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serological characterization of the 3′-proximal encoded proteins of beet yellows closterovirus (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 143 (1998), S. 1349-1363 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  The 3′-proximal open reading frames (ORFs) of beet yellows closterovirus, California isolate (BYV-CA), were sequenced and the expression of the corresponding proteins analyzed. The nucleotide sequence of ORF 5 (coding for p24) was most conserved compared with ORF 7 (coding for p20) and ORF 8 (coding for p21) among the isolates analyzed. Polyclonal antisera were produced to GST fusion proteins of p24, p20, and p21. Accumulation of p24, CP, p20 and p21 was studied in infected Tetragonia expansa plants and Chenopodium quinoa protoplasts. All four proteins were expressed in all tissues (old leaves, young leaves and stems), and most abundantly in young leaves. The subcellular localization of each protein in different tissues showed that compared with p24, CP and p21, p20 accumulated less in transfected protoplasts. Immunogold labeling in sugarbeet with p24 and CP antisera demonstrated co-localization of p24 and CP in vascular petiole tissues. In infectivity neutralization tests, antisera against p24 and CP greatly reduced transmission of BYV by viruliferous aphids compared with viruliferous aphids fed on preimmune serum or antiserum to p21.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050380
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