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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background Lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET), a photosensitive skin disorder with characteristic clinical and histological features, has not been generally accepted as a subset of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). Objectives To analyse the expression of epidermal surface molecules in skin biopsy specimens from patients with LET and to relate the results to other variants of CLE, such as discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and subacute CLE (SCLE). Methods In total, 45 patients with different subtypes of CLE were included in the study, and cryostat sections from primary and ultraviolet (UV) A- and UVB-induced skin lesions were investigated using immunohistochemical methods. Results In contrast to healthy controls, skin lesions of LET showed upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and histocompatibility class II molecules (HLA-DR), with an expression pattern resembling that seen in DLE and SCLE. Furthermore, staining with a monoclonal antibody against 27E10, a distinct marker for cell activation and differentiation, revealed intense focal or band-like labelling of all epidermal layers independent of the type of lesion. Conclusions Expression of epidermal surface molecules such as ICAM-1, HLA-DR and 27E10 is equally upregulated in primary and UV-induced lesions of patients with LET, DLE and SCLE. These results support our recent clinical findings that LET represents a distinct subset of CLE with a similar immunopathomechanism rather than a different disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Key words Palmaz-Schatz-Stent – AVE-Micro-Stent – restenosis-rate – high pressure implantation – morphology of stenosis ; Schlüsselwörter Palmaz-Schatz-Stent – AVE-Micro-Stent – Restenoserate – Hochdruckimplantation – Stenosemorphologie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Late results of interventional procedures utilizing coronary stents are largely determined by the rate of restenosis. So far few data are available addressing the effect of stent design, implantation pressure and morphologic factors on this crucial variable. Therefore we analyzed the coronary angiogramms obtained in 259 patients before, immediately after and at 3 to 6 months following stent implantation for obstructive coronary disease. A total of 196 AVE-Micro-Stents and 142 Palmaz-Schatz-Stents were implanted into 307 stenoses. In 126 stenoses there were implanted only Palmaz-Schatz-Stents, in 170 only AVE-Micro-Stents and in 11 Stenoses there were implanted Palmaz-Schatz- as well as Micro-Stents. Restenosis was defined as an over 50% stenosis at follow up. No significant difference was detected with regard to global restenosis rate at an average of 4 months following implantation (Palmaz-Schatz 33%, Micro-Stent 27%). If results were analzyed according to implantation pressure however, there was a significantly lower restenosis rate for AVE Micro-Stens implanted with 〉 10 atm (17%) as compared to ≤ 10 atm (35%, p 〈 0.02) and as compared to Palmaz-Schatz-Stents (34%, p 〈 0.02), which were also implanted with high pressure over 10 atm. In addition to implantation pressure, vessel segment and morphology of stenosis proved to be important determinants of late results. In this series of patients the AVE-Micro-Stent compared favourably to the Palmaz-Schatz-Stent not only with respect to a significantly lower restenosis rate, when implanted with pressures 〉 10 atm, but also with regard to its superior flexibility and handling characteristics.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Langzeiterfolg einer Stent-Implantation wird im wesentlichen durch die Restenoserate bestimmt. Bisher sind noch nicht alle Faktoren geklärt, welche die Restenoserate beeinflussen. Daher wurde in der vorliegenden Studie der Einfluß zweier unterschiedlicher Stentdesigns, der Implantationsart (Hochdruckimplantation 〉 10 atm, Niederdruckimplantation ≥ 10 atm), der Lokalisation der Stenose sowie der Stenose-Morphologie untersucht. Hierzu wurden die koronarangiographischen Untersuchungen von 259 Patienten, bei denen in 307 Stenosen insgesamt 196 Micro- und 142 Palmaz-Schatz-Stents implantiert worden waren, quantitativ vor, direkt nach und 3-6 Monate nach Stent-Implantation retrospektiv ausgewertet. Es fand sich zwischen den beiden Stent-Typen kein signifikanter Unterschied in der Restenoserate (Palmaz-Schatz 33%, Micro 27%). Bei Hochdruckimplantation des Micro-Stents mit Drucken von 〉 10 atm zeigte sich jedoch eine signifikant niedrigere Restenoserate sowohl im Vergleich zu den mit niedrigen Drucken implantierten Micro-Stents (17% versus 35%, p 〈 0,02) als auch im Vergleich zu den nahezu ausnahmslos mit Hochdruck implantierten Palmaz-Schatz-Stents (17% versus 34%, p 〈 0,02). Lediglich 11 Palmaz-Schatz-Stents wurden mit einem Druck von ≥ 10 atm implantiert. Ein Grund hierfür war aus den Untersuchungsprotokollen retrospektiv nicht zu entnehmen. In der LAD lag die Restenoserate mit 39% signifikant höher als in der RCX (21%) und RCA (22%, p 〈 0,02). Bei komplexen Typ-C-Stenosen zeigt sich eine höhere Restenoserate (39%) als bei Typ-A- (17%) und Typ-B-Stenosen (26%, p 〈 0,05). Insgesamt zeigt diese Studie Vorteile für den mit Hochdruck implantierten AVE-Micro-Stent aufgrund seiner geringeren Restenoserate im Vergleich zum Palmaz-Schatz-Stent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lupus erythematodes ; Kutane Manifestationen ; Einteilung ; Klinische Symptomatik ; Sonderformen ; Keywords Lupus erythematosus ; Cutaneous manifestations ; Classification ; Clinical symptoms ; Distinct subjects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a disease with a wide spectrum of cutaneous and systemic manifestations and has been the subject of many studies over several decades. Clinical features of patients with LE show a great variation, and for this reason it is difficult to develop a unifying concept of this disease. Consequently, this has led to the identification of subsets which have been defined by constellations of clinical and photobiological features, histological changes as well as laboratory abnormalities. Besides the characteristic classical forms such as systemic LE (SLE), subacute cutaneous LE (SCLE), and discoid LE (DLE), there are uncommon variants of LE which often lead to diagnostic difficulties. Bullous LE (BLE) and urticarial vasculitis are listed as characteristic but non-specific manifestations of systemic LE. LE tumidus (LET), LE hypertrophic/verrucous (LEHV), chilblain LE, and LE profundus (LEP) are uncommon subtypes of chronic cutaneous LE. Annular erythema and papulonodular mucinosis are further uncommon cutaneous manifestations of LE. This clinical review summarizes the typical features of the uncommon forms of LE in order to improve clinical diagnostic precision and to achieve a better differentiation of the subtypes.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Lupus erythematodes (LE) ist eine Erkrankung, die ein breites Spektrum von kutanen und systemischen Manifestationen aufweist und seit vielen Jahrzehnten die medizinische Wissenschaft beschäftigt. Die große Vielfalt der klinischen Befunde erlaubt es nicht, ein einheitliches Krankheitsbild zu definieren, so dass eine Klassifikation verschiedener Subtypen, die sich bezüglich klinischer, photobiologischer, histologischer und serologischer Merkmale unterscheiden, eingeführt wurde. Neben den gut definierten klassischen Formen wie systemischer LE (SLE), subakut kutaner LE (SCLE) und diskoider LE (DLE) gibt es seltene Manifestationen, die immer wieder diagnostische Schwierigkeiten bereiten. Der bullöse LE (BLE) und die Urtikariavaskulitis werden als charakteristische, aber nicht spezifische Manifestationsformen des systemischen LE aufgeführt. Der LE tumidus (LET), der LE hypertrophicus/verrucosus (LEHV), der Chilblain LE und der LE profundus (LEP) werden als seltene Subtypen des chronisch kutanen LE betrachtet. Das anuläre Erythem und die papulöse Muzinose werden als weitere seltene kutane Manifestationsformen des LE beschrieben. In dieser klinischen Übersicht werden die charakteristischen Merkmale dieser seltenen Sonderformen des LE herausgestellt, um zum weiteren Verständnis und zur genaueren Differenzierung der verschiedenen Subtypen beizutragen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kollagenose ; Lupus erythematodes profundus ; Periorbitales Ödem ; Key words Collagenosis ; Lupus panniculitis ; Periorbital edema
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Periorbital edema may occur initially or in the course of a wide variety of diseases. One of these diseases is lupus panniculitis, a variant of lupus erythematosus, characterized by firm subcutaneous nodules that may ulcerate with subsequent scar formation. We present a case of lupus panniculitis in which the periorbital edema was the initial manifestation. Knowledge about the differential diagnostic possibilities of periorbital edema as well as the different variants of cutaneous lupus erythematosus is important to reach the correct diagnosis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das periorbitale Ödem ist ein Symptom, das initial oder im Verlauf von Erkrankungen verschiedenster Genese auftreten kann. Eine mögliche Assoziation stellt der Lupus erythematodes profundus dar. Diese Krankheit ist durch subkutane knotige und plattenartige Infiltrate gekennzeichnet, welche zu Ulzerationen und narbigen Einziehungen führen können. Anhand eines Fallberichts wird aufgezeigt, daß ein periorbitales Ödem als Initialsymptom den typischen Hautveränderungen eines Lupus erythematodes profundus vorausgehen kann. Die Kenntnis der möglichen Differentialdiagnosen bei periorbitalem Ödem sowie der unterschiedlichen Varianten eines Lupus erythematodes ist für die Diagnosestellung von entscheidender Bedeutung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1434-3940
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Orbitarekonstruktion ; Resorbierbare Implantate ; Polylaktat ; Key words Orbital reconstruction ; Biodegradable implants ; Polylactide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In a complex animal model in sheep, polydioxanone (PDS®) and polylactic membranes were used for the reconstruction of large orbital-wall defects. In a long-term experiment over 1 year, polylactic implants alone showed the best performance as compared with combinations involving autogenous bone grafts and titanium miniplate fixation. As soon as these polylactic implants are approved for human surgery, they will be used to solve the still challenging problem of anatomical reconstruction of large comminuted fractures of more than one orbital wall.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einem experimentellen Modell wurden biodegradierbare Membranen aus Polydioxanon (PDS ® ) resp. Polylaktat zur Rekonstruktion großer Orbitawanddefekte bei Schafen verwendet. Im Langzeitversuch über ein Jahr zeigten diejenigen Rekonstruktionen die besten Resultate, bei welchen ausschließlich biodegradierbare Implantate aus Polylaktat zur Anwendung kamen. Bei gleichzeitiger Verwendung von autologen Knochentransplantaten und Titan-Miniplatten-Osteosynthesen war die anatomische Form der rekonstruierten Orbita weniger zuverlässig gewährleistet. Es darf erwartet werden, dass die klinische Zulassung der Polylaktat-Implantate die chirurgische Wiederherstellung ausgedehnter Trümmerfrakturen mehrerer Orbitawände wesentlich erleichtern wird und zu vorhersehbaren, anatomischen Rekonstruktionen führt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We have measured resistivity as a function of temperature and pressure of Ti4O7 twinned crystals using different contact configurations. Pressures over 4 kbar depress the localization of bipolarons and allow the study of the electrical conduction of the bipolaronic phase down to low temperatures. For pressures P 〉 40 kbar the bipolaron formation transition is suppressed and a nearly pressure independent behavior is obtained for the resistivity. We observed an anisotropic conduction. When current is injected parallel to the principal axis, a metallic conduction with interacting carrier effects is predominant. A superconducting state was not obtained down to 1.2 K, although evidences of the proximity of a quantum critical point were noticed. While when current is injected non-parallel to the crystal’s principal axis, we obtained a logarithmic divergence of the resistivity at low temperatures. For this case, our results for the high pressure regime can be interpreted in the framework of interacting carriers (polarons or bipolarons) scattered by Two Level Systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 39 (2000), S. 462-468 
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Standard methods of sediment toxicity testing are fairly well accepted; however, as with all else, evolution of these methods is inevitable. We compared a standard ASTM 10-day amphipod toxicity testing method with smaller, 48- and 96-h test methods using very toxic and reference sediments. In addition we compared parallel exposures of single species, either the amphipod Ampelisca abdita or the mysid Americamysis bahia, to multiple species, mysid, and amphipod, cohabiting the same types of chambers. These comparisons were performed for both water-only and sediment-water tests. Results of the comparison of the standard ASTM 10-day amphipod test with the smaller, 48- and 96-h test chambers indicate that survival was high in both test designs using the reference sediment. With toxic sediments, complete mortality occurred in less than 48 h using the smaller experimental chambers and only after 96 h in the larger experimental chambers. We concluded that although time to death is shorter in the smaller, shorter exposure chambers, there was no overall change in mortality for the organisms, and that the smaller chambers were predictive of the results obtained with larger chambers and longer exposures. For multiple species testing in whole sediment exposures there was no change in toxicity to either the amphipod or the mysid when they cohabited the same chamber. In contrast, for water-only exposures, A. bahia demonstrated less sensitivity when cohabiting the same chamber as A. abdita. Therefore, during whole sediment testing we can add A. bahia and A. abdita to the same test chamber without changing the toxicity to either species; however, in our 10-ml water-only exposures, the species should be tested separately.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 69 (1999), S. 373-377 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 32.80.Qk; 42.50.Ct; 42.65.Dr
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. We propose a new method for the generation of single photons. Our scheme will lead to the emission of one photon into a single mode of the radiation field in response to a trigger event. This photon is emitted from an atom strongly coupled to a high-finesse optical cavity, and the trigger is a classical light pulse. The device combines cavity-QED with an adiabatic transfer technique. We simulate this process numerically and show that it is possible to control the temporal behaviour of the photon emission probability by the shape and the detuning of the trigger pulse. An extension of the scheme with a reloading mechanism will allow one to emit a bit-stream of photons at a given rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 03.75.Fi; 05.30.Jp; 32.80.Pj
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: 5 rubidium-87 atoms released from an Ioffe–Pritchard magnetic trap is investigated experimentally. The expansion dynamics depend only on the trap frequencies, which are determined independently. The data are in good agreement with the expected expansion of a condensate, and are clearly distinct from the behaviour of a classical gas in the hydrodynamic regime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Al effect ; microprobe analysis ; nutrient uptake ; pH effect ; Picea abies ; stable isotope labelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract In a model system using intact spruce trees (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) we followed the path of magnesium, calcium and potassium during uptake into the root and during long-range transport into the shoot, by multiple stable isotope labelling. The roots of two- and three-year-old spruce trees originating from soil culture were removed from the soil and, in part or in toto, exposed to labelling solutions containing the stable isotopes 25Mg or 26Mg, 41K and 42Ca or 44Ca. Optical-emission-spectroscopy (ICP-OES) of plant fractions and labelling solutions was combined with the quantitative analysis of stable isotope ratios in sections of shock frozen, cryosubstituted material using the laser-microprobe-mass-analyser (LAMMA). This combination allowed us to distinguish, both in bulk samples and on the cellular level between (i) the fraction of elements originally present in the plant before the start of the labelling, (ii) the material taken up from the labelling solution into the plant and (iii) any material released by the plant into the labelling solution. In single-root labelling experiments, roots of three-year-old spruce trees, grown in nursery soil, were exposed to various pH conditions. The exchange of Mg and Ca with the labelling solution was nearly 100% in the cell walls of the mycorrhized finest roots. This exchange was only slightly affected by a step down to pH 3.5. The absolute Mg and Ca content in the cell walls was moderately reduced by incubation at pH 3.5 and strongly reduced in the presence of Al at this pH. After a pH 3.5 and 2 mM Al treatment we found Al in the xylem cell walls and the cortex cell lumina at elevated concentrations. To analyse the combined effect of high Al and high proton concentrations on the long-range transport, we used a “split-root system”. The root mass of an intact two-year-old spruce tree, grown in mineral soil, was divided into even parts and both halves incubated in solutions with two sets of different stable isotopes of Mg and Ca (side A: no Al, 25Mg and 42Ca; side B: +Al, 26Mg and 44Ca) and 41K on both sides. We observed a large uptake of Mg, Ca and K into the plant and a pronounced release. The net uptake of all three elements was lower from the Al-doted solution. In cross-sections of the apical shoot we found after seven-day labelling period about 60–70% of the Mg and Ca and 30% of the K content in the xylem cell walls originating from both labelling solutions. The clear majority of the Mg and Ca label originated from the Al-doted side.
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