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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Th1/Th2 profile in peripheral blood in atopic cough and atopic asthma (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Eosinophilic tracheobronchitis with cough hypersensitivity, abbreviated as atopic cough, is an important cause of chronic cough. The reason for the absence of airway hyper-responsiveness is unknown, differing from asthma, a Th2 cytokine-mediated disorder.Objective To compare the type 1 helper T cell (Th1)/Th2 balance in the peripheral blood from subjects with atopic cough and atopic asthma, we assessed the intracellular cytokine production at the single-cell level.Methods Thirty-six subjects (10 patients with atopic cough, 18 with atopic asthma, and eight control subjects) were included. Intracellular IL-4 and IFN-γ were detected in CD4+ T cells by flow cytometry.Results A significantly lower ratio of IFN-γ-/IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells after phorbol 12-myristate acetate/ionomycin stimulation was found in patients with atopic cough and atopic asthma compared with normal subjects. In comparison between atopic patients, the ratio of IFN-γ-/IL-4-producing cells was significantly higher in atopic cough than in atopic asthma. However, the proportion of IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells was significantly higher in patients with atopic asthma than in normal control subjects and no significant difference was detected between patients with atopic cough and normal subjects. No significant difference in the proportion of IFN-γ-producing cells was found between the subjects. Overall, the total IgE levels were positively correlated to the IL-4-producing cells and inversely correlated to the ratio of IFN-γ-/IL-4-producing cells.Conclusion These results show the lower degree of Th2 cytokine predominance in atopic cough compared with atopic asthma and suggest the relation between the Th1/Th2 balance and atopic status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2003.01578.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Control of the orientation of human erythrocytes by magnetic and electric fields (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 5711-5713 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The orientation of human red blood cells (RBCs) was controlled by the application of magnetic and electric fields. Because of their anisotropic diamagnetism, RBCs orient parallel to strong magnetic fields. The electric orientation of erythrocytes is also caused by electric dipoles induced by an electric field. The RBCs orientation is parallel to both the electric and magnetic fields. A 4–5 kV/m alternating current (ac) electric field (10–200 kHz, sine wave) was applied to RBCs suspended in a phosphate buffer solution using a pair of platinum black electrodes spaced 200–250 μm apart. An 8 T magnetic field was applied to the RBCs perpendicular to the direction of the electric field. It was observed that all RBCs were oriented in the same direction and parallel to the electric and magnetic fields. By the application of a horizontal 8 T magnetic field and a 4 kV/m ac electric field positioned perpendicular to one another, the RBCs oriented horizontally and their sedimentation rate was decreased by 18%. The flowing rate of the 10% RBCs suspension was decreased by 7.6% with the application of an 8 T magnetic field and a 4 kV/m ac electric field perpendicular to the direction of the suspension flow. It was observed that flowing RBCs were oriented perpendicular to the direction of the flow by the application of the fields, when the velocity of the suspension of RBCs was less than 300 μm/s. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370260
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of strong magnetic fields on the characteristics of bilayer lipid membranes : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 4318-4320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: To clarify the effects of strong magnetic fields on biological membranes, changes in the capacitance of a black membrane, which is an artificially formed lipid bilayer membrane, were observed under strong magnetic fields up to 8 T. The effects of dc electric fields on a black membrane were also investigated. The membrane was suspended across a 0.8 mm diam hole in a teflon vessel immersed in a phosphate buffer solution. The capacitance of the membranes was increased through the application of magnetic fields perpendicular to the membranes. When a 4 T magnetic field was applied to the membrane, the capacitance change reached 96%. The capacitance of the membranes varied according to the size of the outer vessel in which the teflon vessel was placed. It is thought that the changes in the capacitance of the membrane were caused by the difference between the hydrostatic pressure on the outer and the inner sides of the teflon vessel. This difference in hydrostatic pressure was due to changes in the surface of the solution caused by the effect of a magnetic-field gradient on the solution. No effects except those due to mechanical deformation due to changes in hydrostatic pressure were observed on the lipid bilayer membrane from static magnetic fields up to 8 T. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364755
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of cAMP-Response Element Binding Protein in Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF)-Induced Down-Regulation of CRF Receptor 1 Gene Expression in Rat Anterior Pituitary Cells (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 14 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a major secretagogue of adrenocorticotopic hormone from the anterior pituitary and a key activator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. We previously reported that CRF down-regulates expression of the CRF type-1 receptor (CRF-R1) mRNA in cultured rat anterior pituitary cells. The present study was conducted to clarify the signal transduction systems involved in CRF-induced down-regulation of CRF-R1 gene expression in the anterior pituitary. Northern blot analysis revealed that, under serum-free conditions, 10 nM CRF decreased CRF-R1 mRNA levels in cultured rat anterior pituitary cells as we reported previously. Treatment with 5 mM 8-Br-cAMP reduced CRF-R1 mRNA levels within 2 h. The mRNA level fell to 37±3% of the basal level at 2 h and remained low for 16 h after treatment. This CRF-induced reduction of CRF-R1 mRNA expression was inhibited completely by pretreatment with protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor (1 µM H-89). Further examination revealed that after pretreatment with 10 µM of antisense oligodeoxynucleotide for cyclic AMP-response element binding protein (CREB), the CRF-induced inhibition of CRF-R1 mRNA was partially decreased to 79±4% of the control level 2 h after administration of CRF. These findings indicate that CRF may down-regulate CRF-R1 mRNA expression via a cAMP-PKA-mediated mechanism in rat anterior pituitary cells, and that CREB may mediate at least a portion of this inhibitory effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2002.00816.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymph node metastasis and p53 overexpression in combination for the prognosis for the colorectal cancer (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 4 (1999), S. 280-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words p53 ; Lymph node metastasis ; Colorectal cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. Lymph node metastasis has been recognized as the most reliable prognostic factor for colorectal cancer. Of late, the clinical significance of p53 as a prognostic factor has been reported. The purpose of the current study was to elucidate the significance of these two factors in combination as a prognostic indicator for colorectal cancer. Methods. One hundred forty-four patients with colorectal cancer were examined. The expression of p53 was determined by immunohistochemical staining. Patient data, lymph node metastasis, p53 expression, recurrence rate, 5-year survival, and disease-free survival were studied. Results. The recurrence rate for patients with p53− and n1 in combination was 21%, and that for patients with p53+ and n1 in combination was 63%, a significant difference. The 5-year survival rate for patients with p53− and n1 in combination was not significantly different from that for patients with p53+ and n1 in combination (78.7% vs. 57.5%); however, the 5-year disease-free survival rate for patients with p53− and n1 in combination was significantly better than that for patients with p53+ and n1 in combination (78.6% vs. 38.2%). Conclusion. The combination criterion of lymph node metastasis and p53 expression should be a useful prognosticator for colorectal cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101470050068
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Creep Deformation of Polysynthetically Twinned (PST) Ti-48mol%Al (1999)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 171-174 (Oct. 1999), p. 709-716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/45/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.171-174.709.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Migratory Patterns of Thoracic Duct Lymphocytes into Bronchus-associated Lymphoid Tissue of Immunized Rats (2000)
    Springer
    Lung 178 (2000), S. 295-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Keywords: Key words: BALT—Thoracic duct lymphocytes—High endothelial venule (HEV)—Migration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Lymphocytes continuously circulate between the bloodstream and lymphoid organs, and their migration into lymphatic tissues presumably occurs through selective mechanisms. Although bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) is known as an inductive tissue of the common mucosal immune system, little is known about how effectively the lymphocytes in the blood vessels migrate into the BALT, thereby enabling the BALT to act as an effector tissue in the immunologic responses of the lungs. To analyze whether or not thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL) from immunized and nonimmunized rats possess different migratory patterns to the BALT, 5-(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE)–labeled TDL were injected into rats with BALT hyperplasia that was produced by intratracheal administration of TNP-KLH, and then the number of labeled cells in the BALT were examined by immunohistochemical methods. We studied the following three groups at 12 h after the injection: group A, intraintestinally immunized donors and intratracheally immunized recipients; group B, nonimmunized donors and intratracheally immunized recipients; group C (control group), nonimmunized donors and nonimmunized recipients. Time course studies 0.5, 4, 12, and 24 h after the injection were done in groups A and C. In a cytokinetic study, larger numbers of CFSE-labeled lymphocytes were found at 12 h and 24 h in group A than in group C. At 12 h after the injection, the absolute number of CFSE-labeled lymphocytes per BALT was significantly higher in group A than in group B (p 〈 0.05), and was lowest in group C. Histologically, there was a marked proliferation of high endothelial venules (HEV), with findings of adhesion and influx of lymphocytes inside the HEV in group A. These observations indicate that the immunized BALT actively recruits immunized TDL through a specific mechanism of lymphocyte-endothelium recognition in HEV, which partially explains the process of BALT development as an effector tissue for local immunity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004080000033
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mg-Fe partitioning between silicate spinel and magnesiowüstite at high pressure: experimental determination and calculation of phase relations in the system Mg2SiO4-Fe2SiO4 (2000)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 27 (2000), S. 310-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Keywords: Key words Element partitioning ; High pressure phase relation ; Mixing property ; Spinel ; Magnesiowüstite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  Mg-Fe partitioning experiments between (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 spinel and (Mg,Fe)O magnesiowüstite were carried out at pressures of 17–21.3 GPa at temperatures of 1400 and 1600 °C, using a multi-anvil apparatus, in order to determine interaction parameters of spinel and magnesiowüstite solid solutions and also to constrain the equilibrium boundaries of the postspinel transition in the Fe-rich side in the system Mg2SiO4-Fe2SiO4. The obtained values of the interaction parameters were 3.4 ± 1.5 and 13.9 ± 1.4 kJ mol−1, respectively, for spinel and magnesiowüstite solid solutions at 19 GPa and 1600 °C. The partitioning data in the system Mg2SiO4-Fe2SiO4 at 1400 and 1600 °C showed that the transition boundary between spinel and the mixture of magnesiowüstite and stishovite has a negative dP/dT slope. Using the above interaction parameters and available thermodynamic data of the Mg2SiO4 and Fe2SiO4 end members, the transition boundaries of spinel to the mixture of magnesiowüstite and stishovite were calculated. Within the uncertainties of the data used, the calculated boundaries are in good agreement with the boundaries at 1400 and 1600 °C experimentally determined in this study. The dissociation boundary of Fe2SiO4 spinel to wüstite and stishovite, calculated from the thermodynamic data, has a negative slope of −1.5 ± 0.6 MPa K−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002690050260
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