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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of the primary antibody repertoire in rabbits: expression of a diverse set of Igk-V genes may compensate for limited combinatorial diversity at the heavy chain locus (1999)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 50 (1999), S. 31-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Rabbit ; Germline Igk-V genes ; Expressed Igk-V genes ; IGVK families ; Combinatorial diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In mouse and human, generation of combinatorial diversity through use of different heavy and light chain variable region genes in immunoglobulin rearrangements can be a major contributor to the primary antibody repertoire. In rabbits, the contribution of the combinatorial mechanism to heavy chain diversity is minimal, as only a few Igh-V genes are rearranged and expressed. To investigate the contribution of combinatorial diversity toward generation of the rabbit Vκ repertoire, we constructed five genomic libraries from rabbit kidney DNA and 1 cDNA library from the bone marrow of a 1-day-old rabbit using a series of polymerase chain reaction-based strategies. Our analyses indicate that most of the sequences that we recovered from our libraries belong to a single family and some are extremely similar. The actual number of germline Igk-V genes is potentially greater than our conservative estimate of at least 39, 28 of which we found expressed as mRNA. The germline Igk-V genes display different lengths of the coding region 3′ of Cys 88 ranging from 7 to 12 amino acids, resulting in CDR3 length heterogeneity among functional VκJκ sequences ranging from 8 to 15 amino acids. Some of the VκJκ junctions had N and P nucleotide additions. Thus, in contrast to limited combinatorial diversity of its heavy chain, the rabbit can draw upon a diverse set of germline Igk-V genes. The κ light chain has the potential to be a major contributor toward generation of the antibody specificities of the rabbit pre-immune repertoire.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050683
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and implementation of self-directed process teams (1999)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Management decision 37 (1999), S. 553-561 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Human resources are the most important asset of any organization. Yet most organizations continue to arrange their people in work patterns that inhibit and limit their employees' participation. Many companies have tried to move away from a traditional rigid organizational structure to a more flexible one only to abandon it with little or no positive results. The difference between success and failure depends not on company size or resources, but on appropriate planning and avoidance of pitfalls. Presents Chevron's experiences in establishing inter-functional work teams, evaluates barriers, and suggests steps for successful implementation of self-directed process teams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251749910285683
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Creating the right structural fit for self-directed teams (2000)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Team performance management 6 (2000), S. 25-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1352-7592
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Human resources are the most important asset of any organization. Yet most organizations continue to arrange their people in work patterns that inhibit and limit their employees' participation. Many companies have tried to move away from a traditional rigid organizational structure to a more flexible one only to abandon it with few or no positive results. The difference between success and failure depends not on company size or resources, but on appropriate planning and avoidance of pitfalls. This article presents Chevron's experiences in establishing interfunctional work teams, evaluates barriers, and suggests steps for successful implementation of self-directed process teams.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13527590010731952
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Backscattering of an electromagnetic missile by a metal cylinder of degree higher than two (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 15-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The backscattering of an electromagnetic missile from a perfectly conducting curved obstacle is investigated. The obstacle is assumed to have zero curvature just at the point of reflection of the incident pulse. The asymptotic dependence of the backscattered energy is sought, as the distance separating the obstacle from the source of the incident pulse tends to infinity. The backscattered energy is found to depend on the rate at which the energy spectral density of the current pulse at the source decays with increasing frequency, as well as on the degree of flatness of the obstacle at the point of reflection. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.362769
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erratum: "The propagation of a radar pulse in sea water'' [J. Appl. Phys. 73, 1581 (1993)] (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 3586-3587 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.359613
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein kinase A and protein kinase C signaling pathway interaction in phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene regulation (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 85 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathways appear to interact in regulating phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) promoter-driven gene transcription in PC12 cells. Forskolin treatment of cells transfected with the rat PNMT promoter-luciferase reporter gene construct pGL3RP893 increased promoter activity approximately two-fold whereas phorbol-12-myristate-13 acetate (PMA) treatment had no effect. However, simultaneous forskolin and PMA treatment synergistically activated the PNMT promoter approximately four-fold, suggesting that PKC stimulation requires prior induction of the PKA pathway. Consistent with this possibility the adenylate cyclase inhibitor MDL12,330A, and the PKA inhibitor H-89 prevented PNMT promoter stimulation by the combination of forskolin and PMA. PKA and PKC regulation seems to be mediated in part by Egr-1 and Sp1 through their consensus elements in the PNMT promoter. Forskolin and PMA treatment of PC12 cells increased Egr-1 protein and phosphorylated Egr-1/DNA-binding complex formation to the same extent but only increased phosphorylated Sp1/DNA binding complex formation without altering Sp1 protein levels. Mutation of the − 165 bp Egr-1 and − 48 bp Sp1 sites, respectively, attenuated and abolished combined forskolin and PMA-mediated promoter activation. PNMT promoter analysis further showed that synergistic stimulation by PKA and PKC involves DNA sequences between − 442 and − 392 bp, and potentially a GCM binding element lying within this region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01728.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of Egr-1 in cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulation of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 76 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The molecular mechanism by which cAMP activates the rat phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) gene was examined by transient transfection of the wild-type rat PNMT promoter-luciferase reporter gene construct pGL3RP893 into PC12 cells. Forskolin treatment (10 μm) of the transfected cells for 3–6 h maximally induced luciferase threefold. Induction by forskolin was mimicked by the cAMP analog, 8-Br-cAMP, and prevented in PC12 cells pretreated with the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 or co-transfected with an expression construct for PKI, a polypeptide inhibitor of PKA. Furthermore, forskolin did not activate the PNMT promoter when the 893 bp PNMT promoter-reporter gene construct was transfected into the PKA-deficient cell line, A126. Detailed examination of the forskolin responsiveness of PNMT constructs harboring ≥ 60 bp and 〈 893 bp of PNMT promoter demonstrated that the cAMP-responsive element(s) lay between 〈 392 bp and ≥60 bp. Within this region of the promoter lies a functional binding element for Egr-1, a transcriptional activator of the PNMT gene. Forskolin treatment of PC12 cells also rapidly increased nuclear levels of Egr-1 and the catalytic subunit of PKA (PKA-C), with the rise in PKA-C preceding that of Egr-1. Mutation of the −165 bp Egr-1 site markedly decreased forskolin activation of the PNMT promoter. These findings demonstrate that the rat PNMT gene promoter can be activated via the cAMP–PKA signal transduction pathway, mediated by the immediate early gene transcription factor, Egr-1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00189.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The complete electromagnetic field of a three-phase transmission line over the earth and its interaction with the human body (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 668-683 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electromagnetic field at all points near a high-voltage transmission line is determined in analytical form. Account is taken of the presence of the earth below the three-wire, three-phase power line. The electric and magnetic fields, the total axial current, and the current and power densities in the interior of a human body are determined when the body is standing on the ground under or near the line, is in an elevated basket under the line, or is reclining in bed near the height of the line. The fields are very weak and the current and power densities so small that thermal effects are ignorable, but not necessarily possible effects on nerve action, the functioning of cells, or on certain secretions. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360325
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction and suppression of renal and hepatic cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases by acute and chronic streptozotocin diabetes in hamsters (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 70 (1996), S. 202-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Diabetes ; Cytochrome P450 ; Monooxygenase ; Hamster ; Streptozotocin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The acute and chronic effects of streptozotocin diabetes on kidney and liver microsomal monooxygenases were studied using hamsters 2 days and 6 weeks following treatment with the diabetogen, respectively. Acute diabetes increased aniline hydroxylation and N-nitrosodimethylamine demethylation, decreased pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylation, without affecting benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylation and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation in kidney and liver microsomes. The effects of chronic diabetes on the microsomal monooxygenases were similar to the effects of acute diabetes, except that the chronic diabetic condition markedly decreased benzo(a)pyrene and 7-ethoxycoumarin oxidations in kidney microsomes. Total cytochrome P450 content and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase activity in kidney and liver microsomes of the diabetic hamsters were similar to the controls. Gel electrophoresis of microsomes from control and streptozoptocin treated hamster tissues revealed that diabetes enhanced the intensity of protein band(s) in the P450 molecular weight region. Immunoblotting of microsomal proteins showed that acute and chronic streptozotocin diabetes induced proteins immunorelated to P450s 2E1 and 1A in kidney and liver. In marked contrast, the acute and chronic diabetic conditions decreased the level of a P450 2B-immunorelated protein(s) in kidney and liver. The present study demonstrates that acute and chronic streptozotocin diabetes has the ability to induce P450 2E1 and 1A and suppress P450 2B in hamster kidney and liver and that the hamster monooxygenase responds to diabetes differently from the rat enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002040050261
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-resolution genetic and physical mapping of the region containing the Bs2 resistance gene of pepper (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 1201-1206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Bs2 resistance gene ; Pepper ; RAPD ; AFLP ; Positional cloning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The Bs2 resistance gene of pepper confers resistance against the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria. As a first step toward isolation of the Bs2 gene, molecular markers tightly linked to the gene were identified by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis of near-isogenic lines. Markers flanking the locus were identified and a high-resolution linkage map of the region was developed. One AFLP marker, A2, was found to cosegregate with the locus, while two others, F1 and B3, flank the locus and are within 0.6 cM. Physical mapping of the A2 and F1 markers indicates that these markers may be within 150 kb of each other. Together, these results indicate that the Bs2 region may be cloned either by chromosome walker or landing. The linked markers were also used to characterize gamma-irradiation-induced mutants at the Bs2 locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051325
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