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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Barrier voltage deformation of ZnO varistors by current pulse (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 147-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The phenomenon of electrical degradation in ZnO varistors was studied by application of high-intensity current pulses. A wave shape of 8×20 μs and rectangular waves of 1 and 2 ms were used. The degradation was estimated by reference electric-field variation and by Schottky voltage barrier deformation. The results showed that current pulses reduce both the height and the width of the barrier voltage. It was also observed that the donor density Nd did not change but the surface states density Ns decreased with degradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352175
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thickness dependence of leakage current in BaBi2Ta2O9 thin films (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 552-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: BaBi2Ta2O9 thin films having a layered structure were fabricated by metalorganic solution deposition technique. The films exhibited good structural, dielectric, and insulating properties. The room temperature resistivity was found to be in the range of 1012–1014 Ω cm up to 4 V corresponding to a field of 200 kV/cm across the capacitor for films annealed in the temperature range of 500–700 °C. The current-voltage (I–V) characteristics as a function of thickness for films annealed at 700 °C for 1 h, indicated bulk limited conduction and the log(I) vs V1/2 characteristics suggested a space-charge-limited conduction mechanism. The capacitance–voltage measurements on films in a metal–insulator–semiconductor configuration indicated good Si/BaBi2Ta2O9 interface characteristics and a SiO2 thickness of ∼5 nm was measured and calculated. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.124419
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of killer effect in fermentations conducted by mixed cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 71 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The present work reports on population dynamics in musts (pH 3.2) inoculated with pairs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild strains. Two assays determined the growth of both killer and sensitive strains; the latter were not totally eliminated from the must and non-proliferating populations were detected. Another two were carried out with two killer or two sensitive strains, respectively; the exponential growth of the two populations was observed in both cases. The succession of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains was seen to be common in the four assays; only one strain proved to have the ability to complete fermentation, whereas the other disappeared after 28 days of fermentation. The most important fermentation compounds were estimated at the end of fermentations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03846.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of sintering process and atmosphere on the non-ohmic properties of SnO2 based varistor (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 10 (1999), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The non-ohmic properties of the 98.95% SnO2 + 1.0%,CoO + 0.05%,Nb2O5 (all in mole%) system, as well as the influence of sintering temperature and atmosphere on these properties, were characterized in this study. The maximum non-linear coefficient (α = 32) was obtained for a sintering temperature of 1300°C in an oxygen atmosphere and this maximum is associated with the presence of O in SnO2 grain boundaries, as interface defects. Experimental results also indicate thermionic-type conduction mechanisms, which are associated with the potential barrier of Schottky or Poole–Frenkel types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008933004042
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical properties of the SnO2-based varistor (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 9 (1998), S. 159-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The non-linear electrical properties of CoO-doped and Nb2O5-doped SnO2 ceramics were characterized. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy indicated that the system is single phase. The electrical conduction mechanism for low applied electrical field was associated with thermionic emission of the Schottky type. An atomic defect model based on the Schottky double-barrier formation was proposed to explain the origin of the potential barrier at the ceramic grain boundaries. These defects create depletion layers at grain boundaries, favouring electron tunnelling at high values of applied electrical field. © 1998 Chapman & Hall
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008821808693
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of higher alcohols, ethyl acetate, acetaldehyde and other compounds by 14Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains isolated from the same region (Salnés, N.W. Spain) (1992)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 8 (1992), S. 539-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Aroma ; compound ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; wine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Fourteen strains of the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated from three wineries in the Salnés wine region (N.W. Spain) at the three different periods of the natural fermentation. Each wild yeast was screened for production of acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, isobutanol,n-propanol, amylic alcohol and other important enological compounds during laboratory scale fermentations of grape juice. After 25 days at 20°C, the analytical results evidenced variations in the production of acetaldehyde (from 13.1 to 24.3 mg/l), isobutanol (from 27.7 to 51.1 mg/l), amyl alcohols (from 111 to 183 mg/l) and ethyl acetate (from 19.3 to 43.7 mg/l). Although isolated from the same wine region, differences in the wine composition were observed depending on the particular yeast strain used for the vinification experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01201958
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improvement of the alcoholic fermentation of grape juice with mixed cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild strains. Negative effect of Kloeckera apiculata (1991)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 7 (1991), S. 485-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Four assays were designed to study the fermentative behaviour of two selected wild strains of Saccharomyces cerevislae when inoculated in sterilized grape juice either alone or in association. In addition, a wild strain of Kloeckera apiculata was employed for studying and characterizing the influence of this micro-organism on the fermentations when associated with Sacch. cerevisiae. Fermentation was improved when the two strains of Sacch. cerevisiae were grown together since the residual sugar fell to 0.12% and ethanol increased up to more than 11% (v/v). In this case, a proliferation of the two strains with successive exponential phases was observed. On the other hand, when Kloeckera apiculata was incorporated into the fermentations, these were incomplete with a residual sugar level of 1.64% and a final ethanol concentration of 6.4%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303374
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the curing of the killer phenotype inSaccharomyces cerevisiae wine strains on their fermentative behaviour (1992)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 8 (1992), S. 147-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Curing ; fermentative behaviour ; killer ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Fermentative behaviour and cell growth have been studied in grape juice inoculated either with two killerSaccharomyces cerevisiae wild strains or with their Acridine Orange-cured isogenic counterparts. The number of viable cells/ml at the beginning of the fermentation, as well as during exponential growth, were higher in grape juices inoculated with the cured strains. The CO2 production, fermentative rate and ethanol and acetic acid production were also higher in the cured strains, particularly during the stage of active fermentation. These differences, however, were minimal at the end of the fermentations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01195835
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retropubic vaginal urethropexy for the treatment of genuine stress incontinence with prolapse (1992)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 3 (1992), S. 12-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: GSI surgical treatment ; Retropubic vaginal urethropexy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a 5-year experience performing vesicovaginal fascial sling operation (VVFSO) for the treatment of genuine stress incontinence associated with prolapse. This original technique, plus others to correct prolapse, was employed in 41 women evaluated preand postoperatively with traditional clinical and urodynamic methods. Essentially the procedure is a transvaginal retropubic urethrocystopexy by means of two fascial strips, obtained from the central part of the cystocele, crossed beneath the urethrovesical junction and fixed to the periostium of the lower retropubis on each side. All 41 patients were followed for 1–5 years, with 39 of them cured (95.1%) and 2 failed (4.9%). A significant postoperative increase in the maximal urethral closure pressure, from 10–35 cmH2O with a mean of 18, was found. The VVFSO is an easy vaginal procedure, which provides a high success rate in correcting GSI associated with prolapse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372642
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructural development of ZnO varistor during reactive liquid phase sintering (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 31 (1996), S. 5391-5398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The microstructural evolution, grain growth and densification for the varistor systems ZnO-Bi2O3 (ZB), ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3 (ZBS), ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3-MnO-Cr2O3-CoO (ZBSCCM) were studied using constant heating rate sintering, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) andin situ phase formation measurement by high temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD). The results showed that the densifying process is controlled by the formation and decomposition of the Zn2Bi3Sb3O14 pyrochlore (PY) phase for the ZBS and ZBSCCM systems. The addition of transition metals (ZBSCCM system) alters the formation and decomposition reaction temperatures of the pyrochlore phase and the morphology of the Zn7Sb2O12 spinel phase. Thus, the spinel grains act as inclusions and decrease the ZnO grain growth rate. Spinel grain growth kinetics in the ZBSCCM system showed ann value of 2.6, and SEM and HT-XRD results indicate two grain growth mechanisms based on coalescence and Ostwald ripening.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01159308
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