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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Red Light Effects on Uptake of 14C and 32P into Etiolated Corn Leaf Tissue During Photomorphogenic Leaf Opening (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 21 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Red light effects on the uptake of 14C and of 32P was studied by observing leaf sections from 8-day-old etiolated corn leaves that were placed on various substrates following a brief exposure to red radiant energy. There was a general increase of 14C uptake over dark levels into all metabolite fractions that were prepared. This is in contrast with results obtained previously in which leaf samples were first floated on substrate and then irradiated (Mitrakos et al. 1967, Price et al. 1965). The latter tests resulted in a general decrease in sugar and starch as well as 14C content of all fractions. However, under both types of experimental conditions the red light effect manifested itself as an increase in hexosemonophosphate turn-over rate and accumulation of radioactivity in the cell wall polysaccharide fraction. The present data further substantiate the previous work in that they demonstrate the regulatory influence of the hexose pool size on the intermediary metabolism and the manifestation of the phytochrome responses. From the data thus far obtained it cannot be determined as to whether or not phytochrome mediates by controlling phosphorylating activity or through control of specific enzymatic processes that lead to observable cell wall polysaccharide synthesis and leaf unrolling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1968.tb07315.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soluble sugar changes in etiolated corn leaf tissue as influenced by red-light treatment (1965)
    Springer
    Planta 66 (1965), S. 207-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Etiolated corn leaf tissue floated on tap water and irradiated with red light (10 minutes) exhibits changes in monosaccharide content during an 18 hour dark period that follows the light treatment. After 4 hours of darkness, the light effect manifests itself primarily as decrease in glucose and fructose levels, whereas after 18 hours, only a sizeable decrease in fructose level is observed. If the tissue is floated on glucose solution for 2 hours prior to the 10 minute exposure to light, the sucrose and starch content of the leaf sample is appreciably increased without any accumulation of “free” glucose. During the dark period on tap water following the red light exposure a greatly increased disappearance of sucrose is apparent, and the light response appears only as sucrose loss during the early hours. After feeding, the 18 hour dark responses are influenced by the presence of the high levels of sucrose and increased starch content. This increase in substrate levels is associated with a general enhancement of the light responses. If the leaf sample is supplied with glucose-C14 and the same experimental procedures followed, the earlier reported losses of total soluble sugars content attributable to the light stimulation of the photomorphogenic processes are clearly substantiated. Decrease in radioactivity of the extractable soluble sugars is accompanied by an increase in C14 content of the tissue residue. The residue, therefore, contains such compounds as are representative of the fate of the photomorphogenically-induced utilization of the carbohydrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411222
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Red-light effect on tracer distribution in etiolated leaf tissue (1967)
    Springer
    Planta 76 (1967), S. 190-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A survey of the distribution of tracer in preparations from etiolated corn leaf sections which had been fed with uniformly labeled glucose (glucose-U-C14) and then exposed to ten minutes of red light, failed to show the presence of any new or specifically labelled metabolite. The earliest consequence of the light-treatment was a loss of tracer from the soluble sugars accompanied by an accumulation of C14 in the cell-wall polysaccharides. Other light effects were reduced labelling of amino acids and higher phosphate turnover rates. The survey did not elucidate the nature of the first biochemical response after an exposure of an etiolated seedling to radiant energy, but it suggests several areas of further investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385465
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopamine β-hydroxylase: two polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium at the structural gene DBH associate with biochemical phenotypic variation (1998)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 102 (1998), S. 533-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Levels of the enzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase (DβH) in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are closely related biochemical phenotypes. Both are under strong genetic control. Linkage and association studies suggest the structural gene encoding DβH (locus name, DΒH) is a major locus influencing plasma activity of DβH. This study examined relationships of DBH genotype determined at two polymorphic sites (a previously described GT repeat, referred to as the DBH STR and a single-base substitution at the 3’ end of DBH exon 2, named DBH*444 g/a), to CSF levels of DβH protein in European-American schizophrenic patients, and to plasma DβH activity in European-American patients with mood or anxiety disorders. We also investigated linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the polymorphisms in the pooled samples from those European-American subjects (n=104). Alleles of DBH*444 g/a were associated with differences in mean values of CSF DβH levels. Alleles at both polymorphisms were associated with plasma DβH activity. Significant LD was observed between respective alleles with similar apparent influence on biochemical phenotype. Thus, allele A3 of the DBH STR was in positive LD with DBH*444a, and both alleles were associated with lower plasma DβH activity. DBH STR allele A4 was in positive LD with DBH*444 g, and both alleles were associated with higher plasma DβH activity. The results confirm that DBH is a major quantitative trait locus for plasma DβH activity, and provide the first direct evidence that DBH also influences CSF DβH levels. Both polymorphisms examined in this study appear to be in LD with one or more functional polymorphisms that mediate the influence of allelic variation at DBH on DβH biochemical phenotypic variation
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050736
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Euphorigenic doses of cocaine reduce [123I]β-CIT SPECT measures of dopamine transporter availability in human cocaine addicts (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 122 (1995), S. 358-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: [123I]β-CIT ; Dopamine transporter ; Cocaine ; Medication development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The in vivo potency of euphorigenic doses of intravenous cocaine for displacing [123I]β-CIT ([123I]2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane) binding to striatal dopamine transporters (DAT) was assessed in human cocaine addicts using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Cocaine-dependent subjects (n=6) were injected with [123I]β-CIT and imaged 24 h later under equilibrium conditions. Sequential cocaine infusions (0.28±0.03 and 0.56±0.07 mg/kg) produced significant (P〈0.0005) reductions in the specific to non-specific equilibrium partition coefficient, V3″ (6±6 and 17±3%), a measure proportional to DAT binding potential. Regression analysis of the logit transformed data enabled reliable determination of the Hill coefficient (0.51) and 50% displacement (ED50) dose of cocaine (2.8 mg/kg). These preliminary data suggest that cocaine produces behavioral effects in humans at measurable levels of DAT occupancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246266
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear epitope mapping of humoral responses induced by vaccination with recombinant HIV-1 envelope protein gp160 (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 19 (1997), S. 58-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: HIV vaccines; HIV antibodies; gp120; gp41; Pepscan; statistical data analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To enhance utility of the linear epitope mapping (Pepscan) technique for assay of humoral responses linked to vaccination, two modifications were tested. First, peptides were incubated with serum contained in baths rather than individual wells. Second, a rigorous statistical model was developed to determine which peptide/antibody-binding interactions were significant. The modifications increased the ability to detect signal in these experiments by 15- to 45-fold. These two modifications were applied to linear epitope mapping of HIV seropositive volunteers under treatment with recombinant HIV gp160 and also to rabbits immunized with the same product. Changes in fine specificity of response were observed in animal models and human vaccine recipients over the course of an immunization series with this antigen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900410
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Household tree holdings: A case study in Mutoko communal area, Zimbabwe (1997)
    Springer
    Agroforestry systems 39 (1997), S. 205-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9680
    Keywords: fruit trees ; gender ; length of residence ; traditional practice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Tree holdings at homesteads and in homefields were investigated for two villages in Zimbabwe. Of the households, 90% owned at least one exotic tree. Trees were concentrated at homesteads and conserved indigenous trees tended to be edible fruit trees. Female heads of households (divorcees and widows) had fewer trees than households headed by men. Households with longer period of residence at a site had increased the proportion of indigenous fruit trees compared to non-fruit trees. Wealth status showed no relationship to tree holdings. The considerable tree planting and tree conservation activity around homesteads and in homefields has the effect of replacing non-fruit indigenous trees with exotic and indigenous fruit trees. Agroforestry research, extension and development should focus more on current practices, concentrate more on trees that farmers favour (such as fruit trees) and take into account differences among households.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005919717145
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