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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 11 (1995), S. 4188-4192 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 358 (1997), S. 281-285 
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The adhesion is a fundamental property of hard coatings in view of tribological-mechanical demands. The quantification of adhesion between coating and substrate is with respect to practice not easy to handle, even so the scratch test is the best established and well discussed test method. The present study analyzes the test procedure and proposes a possible evaluation method and interpretation of the results to reach sufficient reproducibility due to a better standardization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromosoma 106 (1997), S. 479-484 
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The timing of replication of mouse ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes was determined in cultured cells by using 5-bromodeoxyuridine labeling of DNA coupled with synchronization. Two subclasses of rRNA genes were characterized that differ in their temporal order of replication during S-phase. Approximately half of the rDNA repeat units replicated primarily during the first half of S-phase and the other 50% preferentially in the second half. This difference in replication timing was consistently observed for the approximately 400 rDNA repeat units of NIH3T3 fibroblasts, but not for plasmid DNA containing fragments of rRNA genes that had been stably transfected into the genome of these cells. The rDNA fragments inserted into these transfection vectors contained the recently mapped origin of bidirectional replication with or without amplification-promoting sequences, or none of the above. Since the plasmid DNA that was integrated into the host cell genome replicated randomly during S-phase we conclude that the integrated plasmid DNA is either replicated from a chromosomal origin in the neighborhood of its integration site or that inserts are replicated from their own origins and the timing of replication is determined by flanking sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words C-reactive protein ; Septicaemia ; Neonates ; White blood cell count parameters
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We prospectively compared the diagnostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell counts for detection of neonatal septicaemia. Sensitivity and specifity in receiver operating characteristics, and positive and negative predictive value of CRP and white blood cell count were compared in 195 critically ill preterm and term newborns clinically suspected of infection. Blood cultures were positive in 33 cases. During the first 3 days after birth CRP elevation (sensitivity 75%, specifity 86%), leukopenia (67%/ 90%), neutropenia (78%/80%) and immature to total neutrophil count (I/T) ratio (78%/73%) were good diagnostic parameters, as opposed to band forms with absolute count (84%/66%) or percentage (79%/ 71%), thrombocytopenia (65%/57%) and toxic granulations (44%/94%). Beyond 3 days of age elevated CRP (88%/87%) was the best parameter. Increased total (84%/66%) or percentage band count (79%/71%) were also useful. Leukocytosis (74%/ 56%), increased neutrophils (67%/ 65%), I/T ratio (79%/47%), thrombocytopenia (65%/57%) and toxic granulations had a low specifity. The positive predictive value of CRP was 32% before and 37% after 3 days of age, that of leukopenia was 37% in the first 3 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Herz-, Thorax- und Gefässchirurgie 13 (1999), S. 139-146 
    ISSN: 0930-9225
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Antikoagulantien – Phenprocoumon – Antidepressiva – Arzneimittelinteraktion ; Key words Anticoagulation – phenprocoumon – antidepressants – drug-drug interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A potential impact of tricyclic antidepressants on oral anticoagulation is controversial. Phenprocoumon – the most commonly used anticoagulant in Germany – is rarely considered in clinical trials. In the present study, a potential drug-drug interaction between phenprocoumon and tricyclics, causing an alteration in prothrombinemic effects, has been investigated. In eleven patients simultaneously receiving tricyclic antidepressants and phenprocoumon the course of Quick values and the phenprocoumon dosages were compared to a control group of eleven phenprocoumon treated patients not receiving tricyclics. Quick value deviations from the individually required therapeutic ranges 〉25%, as well as frequent changes in the phenprocoumon dosages were indicators of an inconstant oral anticoagulation and a possible interaction. The results showed unstable prothrombinemic effects throughout tricyclic antidepressant therapy. The average Quick value deviation amounted to 68.7% in the patients group and to 13.1% in the control group. Additionally, there was an average change in phenprocoumon dosage of 0.6 in the patients group and of 0.2 in the control group. Further controlled studies are certainly warranted to specifically answer the question of a clinically relevant drug-drug interaction.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine mögliche Beeinflussung der Antikoagulanzientherapie durch trizyklische Antidepressiva wird bislang unterschiedlich bewertet. Vor allem das in Deutschland therapeutisch eingesetzte Antikoagulanz Phenprocoumon bleibt bei Untersuchungen nahezu unberücksichtigt. Die vorliegende retrospektive Studie wurde unter der Fragestellung einer potentiellen Arzneimittelinteraktion zwischen Phenprocoumon und Trizyklika durchgeführt. Bei 11 gleichzeitig mit Trizyklika und Phenprocoumon behandelten Patienten und 11 antikoagulierten Kontrollen ohne antidepressive Therapie erfolgte eine Gegenüberstellung von Quickwertverlauf und Phenprocoumondosis während und außerhalb trizyklischer Therapie. Quickwertabweichungen vom therapeutischen Bereich 〉25% und häufige Phenprocoumon-Dosiswechsel galten als Zeichen einer instabilen Antikoagulation und einer zugrundeliegenden Interaktion. Sowohl im intraindividuellen Patientenvergleich wie auch in der Gegenüberstellung von Patienten- und Kontrollkollektiv wurde eine instabile Phenprocoumonwirkung unter Trizyklikatherapie gezeigt. Die mittlere Quickwertabweichung [mQWA] betrug im Patientenkollektiv 68,7%, im Kontrollkollektiv 13,1%. Für das Patientenkollektiv wurde eine mittlere Dosiswechselzahl [mDWZ] von 0,6 errechnet. Im Kontrollkollektiv lag die mDWZ bei 0,2. Inwiefern unsere Beobachtungen als Indikator einer potentiellen Arzneimittelinteraktion gelten können, ist in diesem Rahmen nicht abschließend zu beurteilen. Zur endgültigen Abklärung der Fragestellung erscheint die Durchführung prospektiver Studien angezeigt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Mammalian Dbf4 ; Cdc7 kinase ; MCM2 ; Initiation of DNA replication ; Cell cycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The kinase Dbf4p/Cdc7p is required for the G1/S phase transition during the cell cycle and plays a direct role in the activation of individual origins of replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we report the identification and characterization of mouse and human cDNAs whose products are related in sequence to Saccharomyces cerevisiae DBF4 cDNA. Both mammalian Dbf4 proteins contain a putative site for phosphorylation by CDK, PEST protease cleavage sites, nuclear localization signals and a short-looped zinc finger-like domain. Transcription of MmDBF4 is suppressed in mouse NIH3T3 fibroblasts made quiescent by serum starvation. Upon replenishment of the medium, transcript levels increase during progression through G1, peaking as cells enter S phase. MmDbf4p interacts physically with Cdc7p and Mcm2p in vivo. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), the human DBF4 gene was localized to chromosome 7 (q21.3), whereas FISH mapped the murine counterpart to band A2 on chromosome 5. The results of chromosome mapping indicate that in both mouse and human the gene is present as a single copy. The structural conservation between Dbf4-related proteins suggests that these proteins play a key role in the regulation of DNA replication during the cell cycle in all eukaryotes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1394
    Keywords: Key words. Thermosphere models ; Non-gravitational forces ; Air drag ; Orbit determination ; Space geodesy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract. The Drag Temperature Model (1978) has been improved to respond better to the actual requirements of space geodesy, especially under extreme solar and geomagnetic conditions. Extended data and an improved algorithm have been considered, leading to valuable improvements. Temporal variations of temperature of the thermopause, total density and major chemical constituent density are reviewed and compared to the DTM94, DTM78 and MSIS86 models. A comparison with data is performed, giving the mean ratios between observed and model values with their root mean squares for different physical and geometric conditions. This comparison is made for the three models and includes data used in the modelling as well as external data. The limits of the thermosphere modelling are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Lactic acidosis – Mitochondrial DNA – Osteoporosis – Oxidative stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We have screened the mitochondrial genome of 15 men with symptomatic vertebral fractures (median age 62 years, range 27–72 years) and 17 male control subjects (median age 61 years, range 40–73 years) for the presence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in peripheral monocyte DNA. Polymerase chain reaction analysis provided evidence of a common age-related (4.9 kb) mtDNA deletion situated between nucleotides 8470 and 13.460 of the genomic sequence in 5 of the 17 controls (29%) and 9 of the 15 patients (60%) investigated. Southern blotting and polymerase chain reaction revealed a novel 3.7 kb deletion in 2 patients. One of the affected patients, a 27-year-old man with severe osteoporosis (lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) 0.381 g/cm2; Z-score −6.45) was found to harbor deletion in almost 50% of the mitochondria. The patient had a blood lactic acid level (4.6 nM) that was over 3 times the upper reference range (0–1.3 mM), thus confirming the presence of systemic oxidative stress. Further analysis by modified primer shift polymerase chain reaction showed the 5′ breakpoint to be between the nucleotides 10.63 kb and 10.80 kb of the mtDNA. The second patient harboring the 3.7 kb deletion was older (62 years) with less severe osteoporosis (lumbar spine BMD 0.727/cm2; Z-score −2.58) and the proportion of affected mitochondria was lower (25%). The significance of these findings is discussed and the possible relation between oxidative stress and accelerated bone loss is examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Ophthalmologe 94 (1997), S. 405-411 
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Strabismus ; Augenmuskeloperation ; Subjektive Parameter ; Objektive Parameter ; Qualitätskontrolle ; Key words Strabism ; Squint surgery ; Subjective parameters ; Objective parameters ; Quality control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Background: In regard to quality-control studies concerning strabismus surgery we were interested in a comparison of subjective and objective parameters after squint surgery. Materials and methods: In a questionnaire 175 patients were asked for their evaluation of the functional and cosmetic results 1 week and 6 weeks after squint surgery. Parallel, objective parameters like reduction of the squint angle and quality of stereoopsis were documented. Results: Overall 94.2% of patients with esotropia (n = 52) were satisfied cosmetically and 5.8% were not 1 week after squint surgery was performed. In the group of patients with exotropia (n = 36), 91.7% of the patients were satisfied cosmetically and 8.3% were not. Even in cases of esotropia or exotropia no changes in the quality of stereoopsis were noted by some patients or they could not be mentioned in the questionnaire. Some patients did not appreciate the improvement of binocular function found in our examination. Conclusions: Good congruence between objective and subjective results 1 week after squint surery was found.
    Notes: Fragestellung: Studien zur Qualität der Schieloperation beziehen sich meist auf die Einschätzung durch den Untersuchenden. Material und Methode: Um den Patienten in der Beurteilung des operativen Ergebnisses mit einzubeziehen, wurde mittels Fragebogen an 175 Patienten ein Vergleich von subjektiven Angaben und objektiv meßbaren Parametern vorgenommen. Das funktionelle und kosmetische Ergebnis wurde 1 und 6 Wochen nach Schieloperation erfaßt. Parallel hierzu wurden objektive Parameter, wie Schielwinkelreduktion und Qualität der Stereoopsis, dokumentiert. Ergebnisse: Eine Woche nach Schieloperation waren insgesamt 94,2% der Patienten mit Esotropie (n = 52) mit dem postoperativen kosmetischen Ergebnis zufrieden, 5,6% nicht. In der Gruppe der Exotropien (n = 36) lag die Zufriedenheit mit dem postoperativen kosmetischen Ergebnis bei 91,7%; weniger zufrieden waren 8,3% der Patienten. Änderungen in der Qualität der Stereoopsis wurden, sowohl im Kollektiv der Eso- als auch Exotropien, von einigen Patienten nicht wahrgenommen oder konnten nicht mitgeteilt werden. Schlußfolgerung: Insgesamt bestand eine hohe Kongruenz zwischen objektiven und subjektiven Ergebnissen 1 Woche nach Augenmuskeloperation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Lymphocytosis ; Epstein-Barr virus ; LMP-1 ; LMP-2A ; Kindred
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes have been detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of patients with persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (PPBL). This is consistent with the hypothesis that latent EBV infection is involved in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Two EBV-encoded proteins expressed in viral latency are the latent membrane proteins 1 and 2A (LMP1 and LMP2A). We have studied the LMP1 oncogene and the LMP2A gene in a female patient with PPBL and her five siblings. A cell line derived from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the patient was also analyzed. A distinct 69-base pair deletion was identified within the carboxy terminal NF-κB activation domain of the LMP1 oncogene in PBL of the patient and in the cell line, whereas none of the siblings harbored this deletion. The tyrosine-signaling motif and the HLA A2.1 epitope of the LMP2A gene were wild type in the patient and all siblings. The presence of a 69-base pair deletion variant of the LMP1 oncogene within the lymphocytes of a PPBL patient but absence of this deletion variant in the unaffected siblings suggests a direct implication of altered LMP1 oncoprotein-dependent function in the pathogenesis of PPBL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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