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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Males heterozygous for the t-haplotype form of mouse chromosome 17 preferentially transmit the t-chromosome to their progeny. Several distorter/sterility loci carried on the t-haplotype together impair flagellar function in all spermatozoa whereas the responder, Tcr, rescues t-sperm but not ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 25 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. In addition to their contribution to endothelium-derived hyperpolarization, our understanding of the physiological function of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EET) within the vascular wall and the actual enzymes involved in the formation of the EET in endothelial cells is very limited. In the present study, the expression of potential cytochrome P450 (CYP) mono/epoxygenases was assessed in endothelial cells isolated from porcine and bovine aortas as well as in the human umbilical vein-derived cell lines EA.hy926andECV304.2. Expression of CYP2B1, CYP2E1 and CYP3A could be found. The latter were inducible by dexamethasone/cloflbrate for 72 h, a procedure that also enhanced CYP epoxygenase activity in endothelial cells.3. Enzyme induction yielded increases in capacitative Ca2+ entry and membrane hyperpolarization in response to autacoids, such as bradykinin and thapsigargin. Thiopentone sodium, an inhibitor of endothelial CYP mono/epoxygenase(s), diminished autacoid-induced capacitative Ca2+ entry and membrane hyperpolarization, while the effect of EET remained unchanged.4. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids activated endothelial tyrosine kinase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Arachidonic acid, at 20-fold higher concentrations, also increased tyrosine kinase activity. Because only the effect of arachidonic acid was inhibited by thiopentone sodium, an inhibitor of CYP mono/epoxygenases, these data suggest that arachidonic acid needs to be converted to the EET in order to stimulate tyrosine kinase.5. All these data provide clear evidence that the CYP epoxygenase-derived arachidonic acid metabolites (EET) not only serve as potential endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors but also constitute highly active intracellular messengers with a physiological role including the control of Ca2+ signalling, membrane potential and tyrosine kinase activity.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 6 (1999), S. 1076-1085 
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The paper describes the Rossendorf beamline (ROBL) built by the Forschungszentrum Rossendorf at the ESRF. ROBL comprises two different and independently operating experimental stations: a radiochemistry laboratory for X-ray absorption spectroscopy of non-sealed radioactive samples and a general purpose materials research station for X-ray diffraction and reflectometry mainly of thin films and interfaces modified by ion beam techniques.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Renal hyperparathyroidism ; Operative therapy ; Prospective follow-up study. ; Schlüsselwörter: Renaler Hyperparathyreoidismus ; operative Therapie ; prospektive Beobachtungsstudie.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. In einer prospektiven Beobachtungsstudie bei Patienten mit renalem Hyperparathyreoidismus wurden nach Eingriffen an den Nebenschilddrüsen der Verlauf und die Abhängigkeit der Symptomatik von präoperativ ermittelten Laborparametern analysiert. Zwischen dem 1. 8. 1987 und dem 31. 12. 1995 wurden 79 Patienten operiert. Bei 72 Patienten erfolgten erstmalige Eingriffe an den Nebenschilddrüsen. Bevorzugtes Operationsverfahren war die totale Parathyreoidektomie mit autologer Epithelkörperchenreplantation (n = 67). Informationen zum postoperativen Verlauf liegen von allen Patienten vor. Bei 74 der 79 Patienten erfolgten regelmäßige Nachuntersuchungen (1–9, Median = 4) mit einer Nachbeobachtungszeit von 1–60 Monaten (Median 18 Monate). Das Ausmaß der postoperativen Hypocalciämie, die bei 84,8 % aller Patienten auftrat, war negativ mit der Höhe der präoperativen Serumkonzentrationen der alkalischen Phosphatase sowie des intakten Parathormons korreliert. Juckreiz klang postoperativ bei über 60 % der betroffenen Patienten innerhalb von 4 Wochen ab, während sich das ossäre Syndrom längerfristig zurückbildete. Ein Jahr postoperativ war der Juckreiz in 75 % und das ossäre Syndrom in 79 % der Fälle abgeklungen. In der Patientengruppe nach totaler Parathyreoidektomie mit simultaner Epithelkörperchenreplantation waren Gelenkschmerzen bei präoperativ erhöhten Spiegeln der alkalischen Phosphatase (〉 200 U/l) rascher rückläufig als bei normalen Spiegeln (p = 0,0297). Die Rezidivrate nach totaler Parathyreoidektomie und Autotransplantation beträgt 4,5 %. Patienteneigene Faktoren beeinflussen die Morbidität des Eingriffs wegen eines renalen Hyperparathyreoidismus. Die postoperative Hypocalciämie korreliert negativ mit dem Grad der zum Operationszeitpunkt vorliegenden renalen Osteopathie. Die Höhe der präoperativen Konzentration der alkalischen Phosphatase beeinflußt den zeitlichen Verlauf der postoperativen Rückbildung von Gelenkschmerzen.
    Notes: Summary. A prospective long-term follow-up study in patients who had had surgical therapy for renal hyperparathyroidism was launched to investigate the results of surgical treatment and to evaluate possible correlations between preoperative laboratory values and the course of the symptoms. From August 1987 to December 1995, 79 patients underwent surgery for renal hyperparathyroidism. It was the first neck exploration for 72 patients. Total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation to a forearm was our preferred procedure (n = 67). The postoperative course of all patients is known. We carried out one to nine reexaminations (median 4) in 74 of 79 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 5 years with a median of 18 months. After the operation transient hypocalcaemia occurred in 84.8 % of patients. Postoperative hypocalcaemia correlated negatively with the preoperative levels of alkaline phosphatase and intact parathyroid hormone. Within the first month after surgery 60 % of the preoperatively affected patients completely recovered from pruritus, whereas the skeletal syndrome took longer to disappear. One year after surgery 75 % of the patients with pruritus and 79 % of those with skeletal syndrome had became asymptomatic. After total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation, patients with preoperatively elevated concentrations of alkaline phosphatase ( 〉 200 U/l) experienced faster relief from joint pain than patients with preoperatively normal concentrations (P = 0.0297). To date 4.5 % of the patients developed recurrent hyperparathyroidism after total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation. Morbidity of surgery for renal hyperparathyroidism is influenced by patients' risk factors. Postoperative hypocalcaemia correlates negatively with the grade of renal osteopathy at the time of operation. Preoperative concentrations of alkaline phosphatase influence the rapidity of the relief from joint pain.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 13 (1996), S. 32-37 
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: albumin ; nanospheres ; manufacturing ; glutaraldehyde ; cross-linking ; central composite design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Purpose. The purpose of this study was to develop a new method to produce albumin particles in the sub-200-nanometer range with a narrow size distribution and in a controlled and reproducible manner. Methods. A new emulsion crosslinking method was developed using ultrasound and static mixing as homogenization steps and a central composite design was used to evaluate the influence of different process parameters on particle size, polydispersity and yield. Results. Response surface analysis allowed the location of the most important factors. Of all the factors investigated, only the albumin concentration and the aqueous phase volume showed a significant influence on response parameters. Albumin nanospheres with sizes below 200 nm in diameter and very narrow size distributions were obtained in high yields (〉80%). Conclusions. This study describes a new preparation method for albumin nanoparticles which are suitable for future drug targeting studies.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 389 (1997), S. 884-888 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The mouse Brachyury (T) gene is the prototype of a growing family of so-called T-box genes which encode transcriptional regulators and have been identified in a variety of invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. Mutations in Brachyury and other T-box genes result in drastic embryonic ...
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Primary hyperparathyroidism ; Thyroid resection ; Thyroid carcinoma ; Concomitant surgical procedures ; Morbidity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. In einer prospektiven Beobachtungsstudie nach operativer Therapie eines primären Hyperparathyreoidismus wurden die Incidenz durchgeführter Begleiteingriffe und deren Einfluß auf die Morbidität der Halsrevision analysiert. Vom 1. 8. 1987 bis 15. 10. 1995 wurden 231 Patienten operiert. Bei 16 Patienten erfolgten simultan 18 (7,8 %) abdominal-, thoraxchirurgische Operationen sowie Eingriffe bei Weichgewebstumoren und bei 133 Patienten (57,6 %) Schilddrüsenresektionen unterschiedlichen Ausmaßes, bei 4,8 % bestanden Schilddrüsencarcinome. Von 94,4 % aller Patienten liegen im Rahmen einer standardisierten Verlaufsbeobachtung katamnestische Daten vor (1–9 Nachuntersuchungen bei 216 Patienten). Nach den extracervicalen Begleitoperationen trat ein Hämatom nach Adrenalektomie auf. Bei Patienten mit Erstmanifestation des primären Hyperparathyreoidismus aufgrund eines solitären Nebenschilddrüsenadenoms (n = 189) stieg die Morbidität der Nebenschilddrüsenchirurgie durch eine simultane Schilddrüsenresektion an. Die Häufigkeit eines permanenten Hypoparathyreoidismus war ferner von der Anzahl intraoperativ identifizierter Epithelkörperchen abhängig. (Permanenter Hypoparathyreoidismus: cervicaler Ersteingriff mit alleiniger Nebenschilddrüsenexploration 2,2 %, mit simultaner Schilddrüsenresektion 6,5 %; nach früherer Schilddrüsenresektion und alleiniger Nebenschilddrüsenexploration 0 %, nach simultaner Schilddrüsenresektion 28,6 %; bei intraoperativer Nachweisbarkeit von 4 Epithelkörperchen 3,1 %, bei Nachweisbarkeit von weniger als 4 Epithelkörperchen 8,2 %). Die erhöhte Morbidität der Nebenschilddrüsenchirurgie durch eine simultane Schilddrüsenresektion ist gerechtfertigt, da nicht bekannte Schilddrüsencarcinome potentiell kurativ behandelt werden könnten.
    Abstract: Schlüsselwörter: Primärer Hyperparathyreoidismus – Schilddrüsenresektion – Schilddrüsencarcinom – Begleiteingriffe – Morbidität. Die operative Therapie des primären Hyperparathyreoidismus ist bei hoher Erfolgsrate risikoarm. Es erscheint daher naheliegend, im Bedarfsfall die Exploration der Nebenschilddrüsen mit anderen Operationen zu kombinieren.
    Notes: Summary. A prospective follow-up study was undertaken in patients undergoing surgical therapy for primary hyperparathyroidism to establish the frequency of concomitant surgical procedures and their influence on the morbidity of cervical exploration. From 1 August 1987 to 15 October 1995, 231 patients underwent cervical exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism. In 16 patients 18 (7.8 %) concomitant abdominal and thoracic surgical procedures as well as surgical interventions for soft-tissue tumors were performed. A total of 133 patients (57.6 %) underwent thyroid resections of varying extent; 4.8 % had carcinoma of the thyroid. Catamnestic data were obtained on the basis of a standardized follow-up in 94.4 % of all patients (1–9 follow-up examinations in 216 patients). Hematoma occurred after adrenalectomy in a patient undergoing a concomitant extracervical procedure. In patients with a first manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism due to a solitary parathyroid adenoma (n = 189), an increase in the morbidity of parathyroid surgery performed in combination with a thyroid resection was observed. Furthermore, a relationship was established between the number of intraoperatively identified parathyroid glands and the incidence of permanent hypoparathyroidism (permanent hypoparathyroidism: initial cervical intervention with parathyroid exploration alone, 2.2 %; with concomitant thyroid resection, 6.5 %; after secondary thyroid resection and parathyroid exploration alone, 0 %; after concomitant thyroid resection, 28.6 %; four parathyroid glands identified intraoperatively, 3.1 %; fewer than four parathyroid glands identified, 8.2 %). The increase in the morbidity of parathyroid surgery in combination with thyroid resection is justifiable, because unsuspected thyroid carcinomas can potentially be treated curatively.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 241 (1999), S. 511-517 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract With the background of uranium mine restoration the adsorption of radium on different kinds of sandstone, claystone and lime marl was studied as a function of such parameters as water composition, acidity, phase contact time and the concentration of radium, barium and sulfate by static butch experiments at the mine temperature of 14 °C.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The secretory carrier membrane proteins (SCAMPs) are highly conserved integral vesicle membrane components of the post-Golgi secretory and endocytic pathways. We have isolated and characterized the porcine SCAMP1 cDNA and gene coding for a variant of the SCAMP family. The SCAMP1 cDNA has a length of 3827 bp including a 133-bp 5′ and 2701-bp 3′ untranslated region. The mRNA has an open reading frame of 1014 nt coding for a protein of 338 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 37.9 kDa and a pI of 7.9. The porcine SCAMP1 is 97.04% identical with the human and rat paralogs, respectively. The SCAMP1 gene consists of nine exons with sizes ranging from 78 to 2842 bp and spans at least 70 kb of genomic DNA on porcine Chromosome (Chr) 2q21–q22. The promoter of the SCAMP1 gene is TATA-box-less, and transcription starts at a G-nucleotide 133 nt upstream the start codon.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Vacuolar proton-translocating ATPases (V-ATPase) are multisubunit enzyme complexes located in the membranes of eukaryotic cells regulating cytoplasmic pH. So far, nothing is known about the genomic organization and chromosomal location of the various subunit genes in higher eukaryotes. Here we describe the isolation and analysis of a cDNA coding for the 54- and 56-kDa porcine V-ATPase subunit alpha and beta isoforms. We have determined the genomic structure of the V-ATPase subunit gene spanning at least 62 kb on Chromosome (Chr) 4q14-q16. It consists of 14 exons with sizes ranging from 54 bp to 346 bp, with a non-coding first exon and an alternatively spliced seventh exon leading to two isoforms. The 5′ end of the V-ATPase cDNA was isolated by RACE-PCR. The V-ATPase alpha isoform mRNA, lacking the seventh exon, has an open reading frame of 1395 nucleotides encoding a hydrophilic protein of 465 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 54.2 kDa and a pI of 7.8, whereas the beta isoform has a length of 1449 nucleotides encoding a protein of 483 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 55.8 kDa. Amino acid and DNA sequence comparison revealed that the porcine V-ATPase subunit exhibits a significant homology to the VMA13 subunit of Saccharomyces cerevisiae V-ATPase complex and V-ATPase subunit of Caenorhabditis elegans.
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