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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence interference-contrast microscopy of cell adhesion on oxidized silicon (1997)
    Springer
    Applied physics 65 (1997), S. 341-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 33.50.D; 68.35.G; 78.66; 87.22
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050589
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monospecific Polyclonal Anti-Anti-Idiotypic Antibodies to the Carboxyterminal Undecapeptide of the SV40 Large Tumour Antigen (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 41 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The murine monoclonal antibody PAb1605 defines an epitope, peptide Lys(698)-Thr(708) (KT), on the carboxyterminus of the tumour(T)antigen of SV40-transformed cells. In vivo and in vitro experiments had shown that this sequence represents an epitope for both humoral and cellular immune responses. When injected into rabbits PAb1605 induces anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab-2). Ab-2β (internal image type) was purified by adsorption chromatography and characterized by the ability of KT to compete with the binding of ab-2 with ab-1. Murine anti-anti-idiotypic antibodies (ab-3) were obtained by immunization of mice with ab-2β. Both ab-1 and ab-3 JgG showed affinities to immunoprecipitated SV40 T antigen by immunoblot analysis and to nuclear SV40 T antigen by the immunofluorescence assay. The binding of ab-3 to SV40 T antigen was completely inhibited by competition with KT. We conclude that the polyclonal ab-3 is of the ab-3 subtype and specific for only one epitope which is represented by KT and defined by ab-1. The results demonstrate that the specificity for a defined peptide epitope of an antibody was conserved even after two consecutive steps of anti-idiotypic-antibody formation in two host species. Since this postulate of network theory could be verified for a sequence of a tumour-associated antigen which represents a B- and T cell epitope, this model is of great interest for further tumour immunological studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1995.tb03561.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Augmentation of impaired tumoricidal function in alveolar macrophages from lung cancer patients by cocultivation with allogeneic, but not autologous lymphocytes (1997)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 45 (1997), S. 29-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Alveolar macrophages ; Tumoricidal activity ; PBL ; Lung cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  It has been reported that the in vitro development of tumoricidal function in alveolar macrophages from lung cancer patients is reduced significantly when compared to that in peripheral blood monocytes from the same patients or alveolar macrophages from control patients. In the present investigation, a method for potentiating the development of tumoricidal function in alveolar macrophages from lung cancer patients is described. This method, which relies on priming the macrophages with purified, allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal donors, could not be demonstrated when autologous lymphocytes from lung cancer patients were used in the priming coculture. The augmentation of tumoricidal function appears to be mediated by one or more soluble factors, since supernatants from cocultures of alveolar macrophages and allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes could enhance the cytotoxic function of freshly obtained alveolar macrophages. Furthermore, it appears that NK cells are necessary for this effect, since depletion of CD56+/CD57+ cells from allogeneic lymphocytes eliminated their capacity to enhance alveolar macrophage cytotoxic function. The augmentation of cytotoxic function elicited in alveolar macrophages by this method was not associated with changes in the secretion of tumor necrosis factor α, or interleukin 1β.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002620050397
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of tumoricidal function in alveolar macrophages from lung cancer patients by interleukin-6 (1997)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 45 (1997), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Alveolar macrophages ; Tumoricidal activity ; PBL ; Interleukin-6 ; Lung cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Previous studies have demonstrated that alveolar macrophages from lung cancer patients are impaired in their ability to develop tumoricidal function when stimulated by activators such as interferon γ + lipopolysaccharide. However, these same macrophages have been shown to develop significant tumoricidal function when precultured with macrophage-depleted allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal donors, an effect that was lost by the elimination of natural killer cells from the allogeneic lymphocyte population. In the present study, the effect of each activation condition on the expression of mRNA for interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and IL-6 was determined using reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction. The results show that the non-permissive activation condition is associated with the expression of mRNA for IL-6 while the permissive activation condition is not. Antibodies against IL-6 were subsequently shown to permit the development of tumoricidal function in alveolar macrophages stimulated with interferon γ + lipopolysaccharide while IL-6 protein was shown to inhibit the stimulatory action of allogeneic lymphocytes on the development of tumoricidal function in the same alveolar macrophages. Neither the permissive (i.e. allogeneic lymphocyte stimulation) nor the non-permissive (i.e. interferon γ + lipopolysaccharide) activation condition had any effect on the capacity of alveolar macrophages from lung cancer patients to express mRNA for IL-1α, IL-1β or TNFα. These results show that IL-6 can regulate the ability of alveolar macrophages from lung cancer patients to be stimulated by interferon γ + lipopolysaccharide to develop significant tumoricidal function. They also show that allogeneic lymphocytes have the capacity to down-regulate IL-6 mRNA synthesis by alveolar macrophages thereby permitting the development and/or expression of macrophage tumoricidal function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002620050398
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of early treatment of accidents at work and on the way to or from work with special consideration of traumatic-hemorrhagic shock (1999)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 72 (1999), S. M062 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Occupational accidents ; Traumatic-hemorrhagic shock ; Emergency treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The study investigates the quality of the management of occupational accidents and of accidents on the way to or from work. Special consideration is given to the prevention and effective early treatment of traumatic-hemorrhagic shock, which in serious accidents is often the pathophysiological cause of reversible or irreversible damage of organ systems, disability or death. In a series of 725 consecutive occupational accidents, accidents on the way to or from work and road accidents over a period of 2 years, and in 31 additional individual cases, the emergency treatment and further care of patients with incipient or advanced shock were examined. Assessment was based on protocols of initial emergency treatment and medical records of further hospital care. Specific attention was given to the development of shock-induced organ damage. When the emergency physician arrived at the site of the accident, of the 725 cases, 82 patients showed early signs of shock, 37 were in advanced shock, and 24 were dead. In accidents with early intervention of experienced medical personnel, securing of the airways, control of bleeding and sufficient substitution of volume and oxygen were usually done professionally, but analysis of the management of other cases showed delays and various shortcomings. In 25% of those who died, protracted circulatory shock due to insufficient volume substitution was the cause of death. Occupational rehabilitation failed in two thirds of the patients with advanced shock, but only in one third of the patients with incipient shock. The study demonstrates that immediate intervention by non-professionals in first aid, rapid arrival of the emergency care team, sufficient volume and oxygen substitution along with other emergency measures, and rapid transport to an appropriate trauma care facility, all improved the prognosis of the accident victims. Specific areas for improvement in the management of accident victims were found, especially in co-operation and co-ordination among non-professional first aid providers, occupational health and auxiliary personnel, and emergency medicine professionals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00014212
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functionalization of poly(propylene) by isocyanate groups (1998)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 40 (1998), S. 189-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Isotactic poly(propylene (PP) was grafted with m-isopropenyl-α,α-dimethylbenzyl-isocyanate (TMI) using tert-butyl cumyl peroxide as free-radical initiator. The amount of grafted TMI increased with increasing initial initiator concentration, whereas the molecular weight of PP decreased. An increase of the amount of grafted TMI resulted in a decrease of the PP melting point, onset-temperature, and heat of fusion. The TMI-grafted PP was used as compatibilizer in PP/polyamide 6 and PP/polyamide 66 blends.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002890050241
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical behaviour of PS/PVC blends compatibilized with block-graft copolymers based on poly(styrene-block-butadiene)Dedicated to Prof. Dr. W. Borchard on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 233 (1995), S. 77-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Blends aus Polystyrol (PS) und Polyvinylchlorid (PVC) sind aus thermodynamischen Gründen unverträglich und weisen deshalb nur schlechte mechanische Eigenschaften wie mangelnde Schlagzähigkeits- und Reißdehnungswerte auf. Der Grund hierfür liegt in der Natur der Grenzfläche solcher unverträglicher, heterogener Polymer-Blends. Hohe Grenzflächenspannungen und eine geringe Phasenadhäsion führen zu groben Phasenmorphologien, die kinetisch und thermodynamisch instabil sind. Jedoch gelingt es mit maßgeschneiderten Block-Pfropfcopolymeren P(S-b-(B-g-CHMA, MMA)) auf Basis von Styrol/Butadien-Blockcopolymeren P(S-b-B), auf die Polycyclohexylmethacrylat (PCHMA) oder Polymethylmethacrylat (PMMA) radikalisch ge-pfropft wurden, die Phasenmorphologien drastisch zu verfeinern, was zu einem duktilen Verhalten der modifizierten Blends führt. So steigt die Schlagzähigkeit von modifizierten gegenüber nicht modifizierten PS/PVC-Blends um den Faktor 10 und bewegt sich damit im Bereich von zähmodifiziertem PS.Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen (TEM, REM) beweisen, daß die drastisch verbesserten Eigenschaften der modifizierten PS/PVC-Blends auf einer Grenzflächenselektivität der Block-Pfropfcopolymeren und einer ausgezeichneten Phasenanbindung beruhen.
    Notes: Blends composed of polystyrene (PS) and polyvinylchloride (PVC) are incompatible due to unfavourable interactions. Consequently, their mechanical properties such as impact strength and elongation at break are only very poor. The key to successfully influence the properties of such heterogeneous blends lies in the control of the interface. High interface tensions and an insufficient phase adhesion often lead to coarse phase morphologies which are thermodynamically and kinetically unstable. However, with radically synthesized, tailor made block-graft copolymers P(S-b-(B-g-CHMA, MMA)) based on a styrene/butadiene two-block copolymer P(S-b-B) which are grafted with poly(cyclohexylmethacrylate) (PCHMA) or poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), the phase morphology can be markedly refined and the blends surprisingly show ductile behaviour. Thus, the impact strength of so modified PS/PVC 1 : 1 blends is about ten times higher than in the unmodified case and is thereby similar to impact modified PS.Electron microscopy (SEM, TEM) reveals that the modified PS/PVC blends owe their improved mechanical properties to the interface selectivity of the block-graft copolymers and therefore to a superior phase adhesion.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1995.052330107
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Triazine-based polymers, 3Part 2 cf.20.. Synthesis and characterization of polyamines (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 233 (1995), S. 121-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Eine Serie von 16 Polyaminen auf Triazinbasis wurde mittels Grenzflächenpolykondensation synthetisiert. Als Monomere wurden verschiedene Dichlortriazinderivate sowie Diaminverbindungen verwendet. Der Einfluß von Temperatur, Reaktionszeit, Monomerkonzentration, Art des organischen Lösungsmittels sowie Art der Base auf die reduzierte spezifische Viskosität und die Ausbeute an Polyamin wurde untersucht. Löslichkeiten, Glastemperaturen und thermogravimetrische Daten der Produkte wurden bestimmt. Über die dynamisch-mechanische Thermoanalyse von zwei Polyaminen wird berichtet.
    Notes: A series of 16 triazine-based polymines was synthesized by interfacial polycondensation, using various dichlorotriazine derivatives and diamines as monomers. The effect of the reaction parameters temperature, reaction time, concentration of monomers, type of organic solvent and type of base on the reduced specific viscosity and yield of polyamines was investigated. Solubilities, glass transition temperatures and thermogravimetric data were determined. Dynamic-mechanical thermal analyses of two polyamines are reported.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1995.052330111
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benzylcellulose als thermoplastischer kunststoff, II.Teil I siehe4 Stabilisierung und weichmachung.Herrn Prof. Dr. Josef Schurz zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 224 (1995), S. 61-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: By addition of a stabilizer (4-benzyloxyphenol) the oxidative thermal decomposition of benzylcellulose during melt processing was reduced. The minimum stabilizer concentration was 5 wt.-%. Plastification with diethyl phthalate reduced the glass transition temperature and the processing temperature and imparted softness and flexibility of the inherently brittle benzylcellulose. The required plasticiser concentration (5-10 wt.-%) is lower than that required for other cellulose ethers like ethylcellulose (10-20 wt.-%) or cellulose acetates (20-30 wt.-%).
    Notes: Durch Zusatz eines Stabilisators (4-Benzyloxyphenol) kann die oxidative thermische Schädigung von Benzylcellulose bei deren Verarbeitung aus der Schmelze vermindert werden. Die notwendige Mindestkonzentration an Stabilisator beträgt 5 Gew.-%. Durch äßere Weichmachung mit Diethylphthalat können die Glas- und die Verarbeitungstemperatur herabgesetzt und eine zufriedenstellende Weichheit und Flexibilität der ansonsten hart-spröden reinen Benzylcellulose erzielt werden. Die erforderliche Weichmacherkonzentration liegt bei 5 bis 10 Gew.-% und ist damit wesentlich niedriger als für andere Cellulosederivate wie z. B. Ethylcellulose (10-20 Gew.-%) oder Celluloseacetate (20-30 Gew.-%).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1995.052240107
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    WKB for a damped spin (1998)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 3 (1998), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: PACS. 42.50.Fx Cooperative phenomena; superradiance and superfluorescence - 03.65.Sq Semiclassical theories and applications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The master equation for a damped spin well known from the theory of superradiance, is written as a finite-difference equation and solved by a WKB-like method. The propagator thus obtained looks like the van Vleck propagator of a certain classical Hamiltonian system with one degree of freedom. A new interpretation is provided of the temporal broadening of initially sharp probability distributions as the analogue of the spreading of the quantum mechanical wave packet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050141
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