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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy Metal and Selenium Levels in Franklin's Gull (Larus pipixcan Parents and Their Eggs (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 30 (1996), S. 487-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, selenium, and manganese concentrations were measured in the breast feathers of 25 pairs of Franklin's Gulls (Larus pipixcan) and in their eggs from a breeding colony at Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge in Northwestern Minnesota. Metal concentrations in eggs represent metals sequestered in the egg by females at the time of egg formation; while metal concentrations in parents represent concentrations of metals in the blood supply at the time of feather formation. There were no significant sexual differences in metal concentrations in feathers, assuming the male to be larger of each pair, but there were significant differences between the concentrations of metals in parents and their eggs. Eggs had significantly higher concentrations of selenium and chromium, but significantly lower concentrations of all other metals than the feathers of their parents. There were few significant correlations among metal concentrations within the egg or within the feather of females, but there were correlations for the feathers of males. Lead and cadmium in feathers were positively correlated for both males and females. Chromium concentrations in eggs were generally higher than reported in the literature. The concentrations in eggs and the feathers of females were positively correlated for mercury, and negatively correlated for chromium and manganese.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900067
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Passagere Hemiparese und Raynaud-Symptomatik bei eosinophiler Fasziitis (1997)
    Springer
    Der Internist 38 (1997), S. 688-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Eosinophile Fasziitis ; Raynaud-Symptomatik ; Hemiparese
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über einen 56jährigen Patienten berichtet, der im Dezember 1994 wegen Ödemen der Extremitäten mit anschließender Ausbildung einer verdickten, indurierten und erythematösen Haut, Myalgien, einem starken Gewichtsverlust und Krankheitsgefühl stationär aufgenommen wurde. Im Verlauf der Behandlung kam es zu einer vorübergehenden Hemiparese und Raynaud-Symptomatik, die am ehesten auf eine begleitende Vaskulitis zurückzuführen waren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001080050081
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eggshell thickness in marine birds in the New York Bight—1970s to 1990s (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 29 (1995), S. 187-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Maintaining eggshell thickness is critical for birds, as thin eggshells result in breakage during incubation, with subsequent hatching failure. Beginning in the 1960s, eggshell thickness has been used as a biomarker of exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides, as a measure of avian population health, and as a predictor of potential reproductive failures. In this study, eggs were collected from four coastal bird species nesting in the New York Bight (Cedar Beach, NY to Barnegat Bay, NJ) in the early 1970s, early 1980s, and early 1990s, and eggshell thickness was measured. We tested the hypothesis that decreasing use of chlorinated hydrocarbons, and subsequent decreased levels of these pollutants in the New York Bight estuarine food web, should have resulted in increased eggshell thickness from the 1970s to the 1990s. Most of the variation in eggshell thickness was explained by decade and species. Eggshell thickness increased from the early 1970s (or the 1980s for some species) to the early 1990s for all four species examined: common tern (Sterna hirundo), Roseate tern (S. dougallii), least tern (S. antillarum), and black skimmer (Rynchops niger). For common terns and black skimmers, eggshell thickness increased by nearly 50% from the 1970s to the 1990s, whereas in the smallest species, the least tern, eggshell thickness increased only by 12%. In the 1990s, least terns with the smallest eggs had the thinnest eggshells, and black skimmers with larger eggs had the thickest eggshells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212969
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy metal and selenium concentrations in eggs of herring gulls (Larus argentatus): Temporal differences from 1989 to 1994 (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 29 (1995), S. 192-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Concentrations of five metals and selenium in the eggs of herring gulls (Larus argentatus) were examined at a breeding colony on western Long Island, New York from 1989 to 1994. There were significant yearly differences in lead, cadmium, mercury, selenium, chromium, and manganese. Chromium and cadmium were significantly higher in 1993 compared to the other years. Lead levels were highest in 1989, and were uniformly lower in the succeeding four years. Manganese showed no clear pattern. Selenium concentrations decreased from 1991 through 1994, whereas mercury increased from 1992 through 1994. Generally, concentrations of cadmium were similar to those reported for avian eggs from elsewhere; mercury and lead were within the range, but were at the high end; and chromium concentrations were higher than elsewhere. For all years combined, there was a positive correlation between lead and cadmium concentrations and between chromium and manganese, and a negative correlation between lead and mercury concentrations. In conclusion, egg contents can be used to monitor heavy metal concentrations, but consecutive years must be examined because concentrations can vary significantly among years. Ideally, data are needed for more than three years before trends, or lack thereof, can be determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212970
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy metal and selenium levels in Franklin's Gull (Larus pipixcan) parents and their eggs (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 30 (1996), S. 487-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, selenium, and manganese concentrations were measured in the breast feathers of 25 pairs of Franklin's Gulls (Larus pipixcan) and in their eggs from a breeding colony at Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge in Northwestern Minnesota. Metal concentrations in eggs represent metals sequestered in the egg by females at the time of egg formation; while metal concentrations in parents represent concentrations of metals in the blood supply at the time of feather formation. There were no significant sexual differences in metal concentrations in feathers, assuming the male to be larger of each pair, but there were significant differences between the concentrations of metals in parents and their eggs. Eggs had significantly higher concentrations of selenium and chromium, but significantly lower concentrations of all other metals than the feathers of their parents. There were few significant correlations among metal concentrations within the egg or within the feather of females, but there were correlations for the feathers of males. Lead and cadmium in feathers were positively correlated for both males and females. Chromium concentrations in eggs were generally higher than reported in the literature. The concentrations in eggs and the feathers of females were positively correlated for mercury, and negatively correlated for chromium and manganese.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213400
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trace Elements in Egg Contents and Egg Shells of Slider Turtles (Trachemys scripta) from the Savannah River Site (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 34 (1998), S. 382-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we examine the levels of trace elements in the egg contents and egg shells of slider turtles (Trachemys scripta) from the Savannah River Site, near Aiken, South Carolina. Trace elements have seldom been examined in the tissues or eggs of reptiles, although some turtles and large snakes occupy a high trophic level. Lead, mercury, cadmium, selenium, chromium, and manganese levels were examined in one egg and its egg shell collected from each of 16 females that laid in late May and June 1996. We were interested in determining background levels, whether certain metals were sequestered in the egg shells, and whether levels were higher in contents or shells. Concentrations were higher in egg contents than in shells for lead, mercury, and selenium, while chromium was higher in the shell. There were no differences for cadmium and manganese. Compared to eggs from other reptiles, levels in slider turtles were generally similar for cadmium and selenium, lower for chromium and lead, and higher for manganese.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900334
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age Differences in Metals in the Blood of Herring (Larus argentatus) and Franklin's (Larus pipixcan) Gulls (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 33 (1997), S. 436-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Concentrations of heavy metals and selenium were measured in the blood of adult and young herring (Larus argentatus) and Franklin's (Larus pipixcan) gulls collected during the same breeding season in colonies in the New York Bight and in northwestern Minnesota, respectively. Concentrations were expected to be higher in young herring gulls collected in an urban, industrialized area, compared to young Franklin's gulls collected in a relatively pristine prairie marsh. Exposure is similar for the fledgling and adult gulls because by the time the blood of young gulls is drawn both adults and young have been eating foods from the surrounding region for two months; leading to the prediction that metal levels should be similar in adults and young. However, young Franklin's gulls had significantly higher levels of arsenic, cadmium, and manganese than adults; adults had significantly higher levels of mercury and selenium. Young herring gulls had significantly higher concentrations of arsenic and selenium, but lower levels of lead than adult herring gulls. Interspecific comparisons indicated that young Franklin's gulls had significantly higher levels of cadmium than young herring gulls, and adult Franklin's gulls had higher levels of selenium and chromium than adult herring gulls, but for all other comparisons herring gulls had higher levels of metals in their blood. Young herring gulls chicks had higher arsenic, manganese, and selenium levels and lower cadmium and lead levels in 1993 than in 1994. Overall, the levels in the two species were usually within an order of magnitude.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900274
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heavy Metal and Selenium Concentrations in Feathers of Egrets from Bali and Sulawesi, Indonesia (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 32 (1997), S. 217-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Herons and egrets are ideal organisms to use as indicators of heavy metal exposure in an ecosystem because different species feed at different levels of the food chain and live in both coastal and inland habitats. This paper reports on the concentration of heavy metals and selenium in the feathers of cattle egrets Bubulcus ibis that were examined from nesting and roosting sites in Bali and Sulawesi, Indonesia, and in feathers of little egrets Egretta garzetta and intermediate egrets E. intermedia from the same colony in Bali. Mercury and manganese concentrations were significantly higher in cattle egrets from Bali compared to Sulawesi, but otherwise there were no significant differences. There were significant differences in lead, cadmium and mercury among the three egret species nesting on Bali: 1) the cadmium and mercury concentrations related to size and trophic level (insectivorous cattle egrets had the lowest concentrations, fish-eating intermediate egrets had the highest concentrations), and 2) cattle egrets had significantly lower concentrations of lead than the other two species. For cattle egrets, secondary flight feathers had significantly higher levels of cadmium and mercury, and lower levels of manganese, than mixed breast and tertiary feathers, reflecting temporal differences in exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900178
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metal Concentrations in the Eggs of Endangered Florida Scrub-Jays from Central Florida (1999)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 37 (1999), S. 385-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We analyzed metal levels in the eggs of the endangered Florida scrub-jay (Aphelocoma coerulescens), an extremely sedentary and modestly long-lived passerine bird. Eggs were obtained as part of the long-term study of this species at the Archbold Biological Station, located in south central Florida. Following a brief and usually short dispersal, Florida scrub-jays remain in a permanent territory in their scrub oak habitat, where they feed mainly on insects and acorns. As they are low on the food chain and sedentary, we expected levels of contaminants to be comparatively low and to reflect the local environment. No significant yearly differences existed for any metal between eggs collected in 1997 (n = 11) and 1998 (n = 5). Arithmetic mean metal concentrations (whole egg, dry weight) were low for arsenic (34 ppb), cadmium (25 ppb), mercury (74 ppb), and lead (66 ppb), intermediate for chromium (226 ppb), and higher for selenium (1,470 ppb) and manganese (2,230 ppb). Except for the low mercury value, all these means were within the range of mean values reported for a wide range of nonpasserine species, including those at high trophic levels, but are lower than concentrations associated with abnormalities in birds. The three essential elements (chromium, selenium, and manganese) were approximately normally distributed, whereas arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury were highly skewed (arithmetic mean much higher than geometric mean).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002449900529
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The transjugular stent implantation for the treatment of malignant portal and hepatic vein obstruction in cancer patients (1997)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 8 (1997), S. 200-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: malignant portal hypertension ; portal vein stent ; transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt procedure(TIPS)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The increase in portal vascular resistance is asignificant complication of metastatic disease to the liver or locallyadvanced cancer, e.g., biliary cancer. Patients and methods: This paper describes the successful palliativetreatment of two cancer patients with portal hypertension presenting with thesymptoms of tense ascites, mesenteric congestion, and severe varicealbleeding. By creating a stent-tract between a hepatic vein and a main branchof the portal vein and/or by placing an extendable stent into the portal vein,the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt (TIPS) technique wasused to decompress the portovascular system. Results: The TIPS-technique offers a new, safe and effectivepalliation for malignant portal hypertension. In both patients, the symptomsof the portal hypertension disappeared after the procedure. This wasaccompanied by a significant improvement of the patients performance status,allowing an early ambulation. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the feasibility andeffectiveness of the TIPS procedure as a minimal invasive treatment for portalvein decompression in selected tumor patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008219307810
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